General Info • Vitamins Fat (ADEK) or water soluble (all others) Organic, but not energy nutrients Body can make some vit A, D K and niacin (vit B 3 ) • Minerals All are water soluble Inorganic, single atoms, often carry a charge Not energy nutrients, some act as electrolytes
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General Info Vitamins Fat (ADEK) or water soluble (all others) Organic, but not energy nutrients Body can make some vit A, D K and niacin (vit B 3 ) Minerals.
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General Info
• VitaminsFat (ADEK) or water soluble (all others)Organic, but not energy nutrientsBody can make some vit A, D K and niacin (vit B3)
• MineralsAll are water solubleInorganic, single atoms, often carry a charge
Not energy nutrients, some act as electrolytes
Fig. C8-1b, p. 311
What causesthis condition?
Fig. H12-1, p. 432
Healthy bone Osteoporotic bone
Calcium Deficiency Osteoporosis ~1 of 4(8) women (men) in US disease of aging (exceptions?) risk in thin, white, older, female, inactive,
smokers, drinkers and poor diet
Prevention adequate Calcium and vitamin D achieve Peak Bone Mass by late 20’s tools=diet/exercise….and medicine
cholesterol
vitamin D3
Healthy Skin-Liver-Kidney all needed to make active vitamin D3
Fig. H12-3, p. 434
IF you need Calcium/D3 supplements….
• Best with vitamin D3 (diet, supplement or sun)• If take > 1 Ca tab….spread out over day• Test solubility of Ca tab• USP best• Calcium citrate and D3 best
used by our body
SodiumThe primary mineral we consume in excess! NaCl
Which has more sodium?
• 1 oz corn flakes or 1 oz of salted peanuts
• 1 oz potato chips or 2 slices of white bread
• ½ C instant chocolate pudding or 2 slices bacon
Which has more sodium?
• 1 oz corn flakes or 1 oz salted peanuts
• 1 oz potato chips or 2 slices white bread
• ½ C instant chocolate pudding or 2 slices bacon
Sodium (Na+)
Jobs
Water balance
Nerve/muscle function
Goal: Less than 2300mg
Avg US intake
4000-8000 mg/day (~5 lb/year of Na atoms!!)
Food sources of sodium
• Naturally in food/water• In some meds/food additives • Season salts (i.e. MSG)
• Table salt (NaCl)1 tsp. 2400 mgadded at the table (~6%)added during cooking (~5%)added in processing (77%)