Form 1 Science Chapter 1.2 & 1.3

7/23/2019 Form 1 Science Chapter 1.2 & 1.3

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1.2 Your Science Laboratory

Learning outcomes

By the end of this lesson, you should be

able to:

•work safely in the laboratory

•use some common scientific apparatus

in the laboratory



Scientists usually work in alaboratory.

You will also work in laboratorywhen you carry out scientific

investigations during your science

lessons.



Laboratory safety rules

• We need to work safely

in the laboratory.

• ccidents can happen if

we are careless.





!eep the laboratory clean and tidy



Wash all apparatus

after use.

Report any injured

or breakage to your

teacherimmediately.



o "nter the laboratory without your teacher#s

permission.



$rink "at



%aste chemical &lay



%here are many substances in the

science laboratory. Some of these

substances are ha'ardous.

We use ha'ard warning symbols to

show the danger of the substances.



Below are some common ha'ard warning

symbols.

Poisonous Flammable Corrosive

Irritant Eplosive

Flammable

Irritant

Flammable

Irritant

Flammable

Irritant

Flammable Corrosive

Irritant

Flammable CorrosiveCorrosiveFlammable CorrosiveFlammable Corrosive

Irritant

Flammable Corrosive

Irritant

Flammable Corrosive

Irritant

Flammable

Radioactive

Poisonous



Poisonous

"(ample : mercury, bromine and

sodium cyanidePoisonous

• )auses death or harm if

absorbed through the skin,

swallowed or inhaled.

Poisonous

• )auses death or harm if

absorbed through the skin,

swallowed or inhaled.



Flammable "(ample : ethanol, petrol and

kerosene

Flammable

•Burns easily



Corrosive "(ample : concentrated sulphuric

acid and concentrated sodium

hydro(ide

Corrosive

• )auses damages to skin andeyes upon contact.



Irritant"(ample : ammonia and chloroform

Irritant

•)auses discomfort to the body





Radioactive

•*ives out radiation + sinaran

"(ample : plutonium and uranium



Eplosive

"(ample : sodium and potassium

Eplosive

•"(plodes easily



-aboratory apparatus

%est tube

%o contain small

amount of chemicals

and for carrying outreaction




Beaker

%o contain chemicals

and for carrying outreactions.




Conical flask

%o contain chemicals

and for carrying our

reactions.



Retort stand


%o hold or clamp

apparatus




!easuring cylinder

%o measure the volume of

liuids




Filter funnel

/sed together

with a folded filter

paper to separate

solids from liuid




"urette

%o measure a small volume of

liuid accurately




Pipette

%o measure a fi(ed volume of a

liuid

0 ml, 1 ml, 02 ml, 01 ml and 31 ml




#est tube rack

%o place test tubes

while we are notusing them




#est tube holder

%o hold a test tube

while heating




"unsen

burner

/sed to heat

things



Bunsen burner labeled diagram

)ollar base

air4hole

chimney

or barrel

rubber tubing

heatproof

mat





-uminous flame

5on4luminous flameBack











-uminous flame

+ yellow flame

5on4luminous flame

+ blue flame

*et yellow flame whenthe air4hole is closed

*et blue flame when theair4hole is open

6lame is easy to see

because it is luminous

6lame is difficult to see

because it is non4luminous

*ives out a lot of soot $o not give out soot

6lame is not so hot 6lame is very hot

5ot suitable for heating Suitable for heating

Back



5e(t



0. Say whether the following statements are true or

false.

+aYou may eat and drink in the laboratory77

+bYou may enter the laboratory without your

teacher#s permission7777777777.

+cYou may taste some o f the chemicals in the

laboratory777777777777777

+dYou must report any in8ured or accident to your

teacher immediately7777777777.

6alse

6alse

6alse

%rue



3. 6ill in the blanks with suitable words.

+a Scientists usually work in a 9999999999999.

+b You must follow the laboratory 99999999999999

rules when working in the laboratory.

+c We use 999999999999999999999999999 to show

the danger of ha'ardous substances.

+d )oncentrated sulphuric acid is an e(ample of a 9999999999999999999substance.

laboratory

safety

ha'ard warning symbols

corrosive



. 5ame the apparatus used for each of the

following purposes :

+a%o hold a hot test tube777777+b%o place test tubes while we are not using

them77777777777777

+c%o heat things777777777.. Bunsen burner

test tube holder

test tube rack

+d % l f li id



+d %o measure volume of liuids777.

+e %o measure a small volume of liuid

accurately777777777777..

+f %o measure a fi(ed volume of liuid......

+g %o hold or clamp apparatus7777...

+h %o contain chemicals and for carrying outreactions7777777777777

measuring

cylinder

burette

pipette

retort

stand

beaker and

conical flask



0. ;ow do we get a yellow flame<

)lose the air4hole in Bunsen burner.

3. ;ow do we get a blue flame<

=pen the air4hole in Bunsen burner.



>. Which flame gives out a lot of soot<

Yellow flame + luminous flame .

. Which flame is hotter<

Blue flame +non4luminous flame .



1. Which flame is suitable for heating<

Blue flame + non4luminous flame .

?. Which flame is easier to be seen<

Yellow flame + luminous flame .







• Scientists use scientific method when

carrying out scientific investigations.

• Scientists follow the steps in the scientific

method to make sure that what they do issystematic and their observations are

reliable.



• %he steps in a scientific investigation are e(plained

below :

Step 0 @ Adentifying the problem

Step 3 @ aking a hypothesis + smart guess

Step @ &lanning the e(periment

Step > @ )ontrolling the variables



Step 1 @ )ollecting data

Step ? @ nalysing and interpreting the data

Step C @ aking a conclusion

Step D @ Writing a report

)onduct

e(periment

Form 1 Science Chapter 1.2 & 1.3

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