Final Presentation1

Final Presentation:Incorporation of fluoride

into dental enamelAdvisor: Dr.MannTA: Shawn Ward

Aravind Sridharan

Objective and MethodologyTo examine dental enamel and its response to

fluoride solutions such as NaFAchieve uptake of fluoride into enamel with

or without mechanical deformations presentLook for changes in the chemical composition

of the enamel by studying the height, width and centers of the Raman spec data for each sample

Repeat procedure to validate results and change based on effectiveness

Results of Nano-indentation

There was no noticeable broadening that occurred even at the highest setting and no changes in the area of indents

Microindentation was the next step

ResultsThe force used for indentation was 500 g

which is within the range of force used in NCBI studies

From indentations the first Raman spec runs were theoretically supposedto broaden

Results- Continued

The width and center changed on the sample where there was an indent which is ideal and shows that indent is enough to strain the sample

Results of fluoride through rapid uptake

The heights of all the peaks have increased throughout all for peaks which is odd and doesn’t mean there is necessarily uptake and is inconsistent

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Results- fluroide uptake through absorption

There is a reduction in the OH peaks and there also is a reduction in the size of the indents after fluoride absorption which could indicate some level of remineralization

Conclusion There has been conclusive evidence of 500 gram indentation being ideal for

strain seen through peak broadening There has been a major difference in the peaks for OH groups it has decreased

by 20 to 40 cm-1 difference which is 5%-8% decrease which is a good sign of uptake occurring but when looking at it relatively

Considering that there is a change in the morphology of the teeth where the indents were visibly harder to see which can mean remineralization

Some results can be affected by acidification of the water used if buffer solution was not used this can etch some of the phosphate which can be misleading

In the rapid uptake process there was inconsistencies and no noticeable change in the peaks since they rise on similar level and only change 1% or less.

The fluoride solution increased concentration from 5 g per 100 ml to 13 g per 100 ml to 18 g per 100 ml show more promising results

More testing is recommended to analyze the sharp increase in the PO4 while results seem to be in the right direction compared to predictions but more testing in general is needed to validate these results

Future students Get trained to use a microindenter which allows you to

immediately use a solution instead of waiting to get the sample which is not it is performed in certain studies.

Start with a more concentrated solutions rather than moving up in concentrations

Direct more time to prepare a super saturated solution which is two different types fluoride solutions at a certain proportion this is the best method for efficient uptake but requires more materials

Polishing is key to get best indents since flat surfaces are needed and 800 grit and below are the best to use and different types of teeth types to see if different types have various results through Raman spectroscopy.