Evaluate the relative importance of political events and issues that divided the nation and led to civil war, including the compromises reached to maintain.

Evaluate the relative importance of political events and issues that divided the nation and led to civil war, including the compromises reached to maintain the balance of free and slave states, the abolitionist movement, the Dred Scott case, conflicting views on states rights and federal authority, the emergence of the Republican Party, and the formation of the Confederate States of America.

BACK to the Compromise of 1850

For the North: 1. For the South: 2. The New Mexico Territory: 3. 4. Slavery in Washington, DC: 5.

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The Compromise of 1850 was supposed to be the final compromise between the sections and it was just for different reasons than Clay had intended.

Passed by Wisconsin and other Northern states Guaranteed jury trials for accused slaves De facto Nullification

Harriet Beecher Stowes bestselling anti-slavery novel (1852) Original Illustrations: http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/uncletom/illustra/53illf.htmlhttp://utc.iath.virginia.edu/uncletom/illustra/53illf.html Stowe

1852 Presidential Election 1852 1860 1856

Franklin Pierce (D-NH) Fourteenth President of the U.S. 1853-1857 Handsome FrankHandsome Frank Mexican War Veteran Kansas-Nebraska Act Doughface (Pro-Southern) NOT RENOMINATED There's nothing left to do but get drunk." http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/fp14.html

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY In Kansas and Nebraska Territories on the issue of slavery ANIMATED MAP: http://teachingamericanhistory.org/ne h/interactives/sectionalism/lesson3/ MISSOURI COMPROMISE

Bleeding Kansas Race to Kansas Proslavery vs. Antislavery Border Ruffians (from MO) N.E. Immigrant Aid Society Beechers Bibles ANIMATED MAP: http://teachingamericanhistory.org/ne h/interactives/sectionalism/lesson3/ 1855-1859 56 Dead

Beechers Bibles New England Emigrant Aid Society "He (Henry W. Beecher) believed that the Sharps Rifle was a truly moral agency, and that there was more moral power in one of those instruments, so far as the slaveholders of Kansas were concerned, than in a hundred Bibles. You might just as well... read the Bible to Buffaloes as to [pro-slavery settlers]; but they have a supreme respect for the logic that is embodied in Sharp's rifle. New York Tribune, 2/8/1856 Bibles Rev. Henry Ward Beecher (H.B. Stowes relative)

Lawrence, KS, after the Sack of Lawrence by proslavery settlers Bleeding Kansas 1855-1859 56 Dead

Abolitionist Pottawatomie Creek Massacre Bibles

John Steuart Curry, Tragic Prelude, 1937-1941Tragic Prelude

Lecompton Proslavery Lecompton Proslavery Topeka Antislavery Topeka Antislavery

Republican Party Whig Party (1832-1854) No longer viable after 1852 election SPLIT: Northern Whigs and Southern Whigs Republican Party (1854-Present) Free Soil NOT abolitionist (although abolitionists supported the Republican Party) New England and Northwest power base Northern Whigs + Northern Free Soil Democrats Northern Whigs + Northern Free Soil Democrats FAIL

The Crime Against Kansas Charles Sumner US Senator (Mass.) Document 6.5 CHIVALRY Don Quixote DON QUIXOTE DON QUIXOTE

Chivalry

Brooks/Sumner Incident Sen. Charles Sumner (MA)Rep. Preston Brooks (SC)

READ Sumners SpeechREAD Brooks Defense SLAP!

Nativism = Anti-Immigration

Anti-Catholic violence St. Augustines Church on Fire

The American Party Know Nothings CATHOLICS IMMIGRANTS NOTE: Antebellum immigrants were mostly from Germany and Ireland. I know nothing NATIVISM

Citizen Know Nothing Ted Nugent: A Real American Click for Article A Mascot for the Movement

Oh! Brother Beecher! Our Kansas Gun has bursted and upset our gunner. Im afraid we put in too big a load. Ah! Fremont, your sectional Gun has exploded just as I predicted, but my American rifle will bring down that Old Buck. Confound the Gun! if I can only get out of this muss Ill stick to preaching and let fire-arms alone. Abolition Bog

James Buchanan (D-PA) Fifteenth President of the U.S. 1857-1861 Pierces Minister to Great Britain abroad during Kan/Neb Act controversy Sectional Turmoil Escalated Indecisive concerning secession Only bachelor to occupy the White House http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jb15.html

FACTS OF THE CASE: Dred Scott, a slave, lived with his master in free territory for two years. Scott claimed this made him a free man.

THE DECISION: 1.People of African descent (incl. Scott) could not be U.S. citizens. 2.Congress cant forbid slavery in federal territories (violation of property rights) Ergo, the Missouri Compromise is Unconstitutional Judicial Activism

EXECUTIVE BRANCH LEGISLATIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL BRANCH PresidentCongressSupreme Court ____________ Laws_____________ Laws____________ Laws When Judges Write the Law

Slave Power Conspiracy?

Illinois Senate Race Stephen Douglas (Democratic Incumbent) Abraham Lincoln (Republican Challenger) FOCUS: Free Soil Significance: Douglas wins, but loses popularity in the South. Lincoln becomes a national figure. Lincoln-Douglas Debate Memorial

OBJECTIVE: Seize a federal arsenal Harpers Ferry, VA TREASON Tried, Convicted, Executed Different reactions in North and South

NORTH: Slave Power Conspiracy The South wants to spread slavery throughout the nation SOUTH: North plans to destroy Southern slavery by igniting slave revolts. Mason-Dixon Line

Abraham Lincoln (R-IL) Sixteenth President of the U.S. 1861-1865 Democratic Party split Election prompted secession of states in the Deep South http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/al16.html

Evaluate the relative importance of political events and issues that divided the nation and led to civil war, including the compromises reached to maintain.

Documents

chivalry slide

dead slide

nullification slide

stowes relative slide

tragic prelude slide

ia stowe slide

kansas proslavery

northern states