23.3 Failed Compromises

211 Compromise of 1850

23.3 Failed CompromisesMain IdeaDisagreements between the North and the South, especially over the issue of slavery, led to political conflict.Why It Matters NowRegional differences can make national problems difficult to resolve.CA. Standards8.9.4 Discuss the importance of the slave issue as raised by the annexation of Texas and Californias admission to the union as a free state under the Compromise of 1850.8.9.5 Analyze the significance of the States Rights Doctrine, the Missouri Compromise (1820), the Wilmot Proviso (1846), the Compromise of 1850, Henry Clays role in the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision (1857), and the Lincoln-Douglas debates.

Daily Guided QuestionsHow did the admission of new states to the Union fuel the debate over slavery and states rights?What was the Compromise of 1850 and its different parts?Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act fail?

Missouri Compromise, 1820Missouri wanted to become a slave state.Northern states worried that the south would have too much power in Congress and spread of slavery west.-Henry Clay was a senator who persuaded Congress to approve the Missouri Compromise.Preserved balance between slave and free states.-Maine: Free, Missouri: Slave.-South of 36*30 line allows slavery to be legal.-Allowed slave owners to pursue escaped fugitive slaves into Free regions.

Slavery Moves WestTexas settlers bring slaves for cotton production.After the Mexican-American War, southerners hope to push slavery into gained territories.Abolitionist and Northern congressmen want slavery to halt or stay only where it is at.Wilmot ProvisoNo slavery in territory gained from Mexico.North-Wants to end the spread of slavery.-Slave terr. adds slave states.-No jobs for free workers.South-Slaves are property protected by the Constitution.-Fears more free states.Free-Soil PartyOpposes spread of slavery into territories.-Not abolitionist.-Worried about white wage-based labor.Made up of Democrats and Whigs.Ex-president Martin Van Buren was their candidate for the 1848 election.Lost election to Zachary Taylor.Reflect and ShareTake a minute to answer the first DGQ.Then share the answer with your partner.Add/Change your answer.1. How did the admission of new states to the Union fuel the debate over slavery and states rights?

California Annexation Backed by President Taylor.Statehood would upset balance between free and slave votes in congress.-South threaten to secede.Henry Clay of Kentucky proposes compromise to save Union.

Henrys CompromiseCA. becomes a free StateFugitive Slave LawPopular Sovereignty- New Mexico and Utah territories vote for slavery or not.Government pays Texas $10 mil. for eastern New Mexico.Slave trade banned in Washington D.C.-Allows slaveryDebate over CompromiseNorthDaniel WebsterAsked for compromise to preserve Union.SouthJohn C. CalhounAnnexation of CA. would threaten Southern way of life.Demanded constitutional amendment to protect states rights.Or would Secede.Webster Calhoun

Compromise of 1850To please the North Statehood of CA.Banned slave trade in D.C.Popular sovereigntyTo please the SouthPopular sovereignty will decide slavery issue in territories.Allowed slavery in D.C.Congress could not regulate slave trade between slave statesFugitive slave law.

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850Effective throughout the country.-Slave catchers roamed throughout the North.Government officials ordered to arrest accused runaway slaves.No warrants, accused denied jury trials.Federal commissioners paid more for returning than freeing accused.Northerners required to assist in capture. -Fined and imprisonment if assisted fugitives.

Reflect and ShareTake a minute to answer the second DGQ.Then share the answer with your partner.Add/Change your answer.2. What was the Compromise of 1850 and its different parts?

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854Senator Stephen Douglas pushed the bill.-Repeals Missouri Compromise.Created Kansas and Nebraska Territories.-Lay north of Missouri Compromise line.-Would be free states, angered South.Popular Sovereignty- residents would decide the issue.Passed, but angered many.

Bleeding KansasThousands pour into territory.-Antislavery and proslavery.1855, elections held.-pro-slavery border ruffians vote illegally.-Two governments.Lawrence, KS.-800 pro-slavery posse burn and loot town.Pottawatomie Massacre.-John Brown and followers kill 5.Incidents kill over 200.

Reflect and ShareTake a minute to answer the third DGQ.Then share the answer with your partner.Add/Change your answer.3. Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act fail?

Violence in SenateSenator Charles Sumner verbally attacks slavery.Congressman Preston S. Brooks beats Sumner for insults to uncle.Southerners applaud Brooks; Northerners condemn him.

Study Guide pg. 162Copy and complete the study guide on the failed compromises of the 1850s.Study guide pg. 162 & textbook pg. 362-367.