ED - Seminar Work

Valter Telo 1

Economic Diplomacy

Valter Telo 2

1. Topics:

Description;

Objectives;

Story;

Principles;

Evolution;

Rounds;

“Why WTO is important?”

Valter Telo 3

2. Description:

Founded January 1, 1995;

Rules established by the GATT;

127 countries;

153 members;

Decisions are taken unanimously;

WTO headquarters is at Geneva, Switzerland.

Valter Telo 4

3. Objectives:

To raise the levels of life;

To improve full employment;

To attain the objectives with sustainable development and environmental protection;

To ensure the rich and poor countries benefit from fair deals for both.

Valter Telo 5

4. Story: End of World War II;

International Trade Organization and the Havana’s letter;

ITO - Havana’s letter) were introduced into the GATT ;

After the Uruguay Round (1995) was established WTO ;

WTO came into January 1, 1995 ;

Slovenia joined the WTO on 30 July 1995;

Pascal Lamy ;

The Ministerial Conference ;

The General Council;

The Secretariat and Director General.

Valter Telo 6

5. Principles: Non-Discrimination:

– Most favored nation (MFN);

– National treatment.

Reciprocity;

Binding and enforceable commitments;

Transparency;

Safety valves.

Valter Telo 7

6. Evolution: Build an organization for economic cooperation;

IMF, GATT;

US allies at war do business with low Tariffs - ITO (International Trade Organization);

ITO (Havana’s letter) uncessufull;

October 30 of 1947, 23 Countries have signed (Final Act authentic of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade);

After the Uruguay round of GATT was transformed to the WTO.

Valter Telo 8

7. Rounds: Year Name Number of countries Issues

1947 Genebra (1947); 23 countries Tariffs

1949 Annecy (1949); 13 countries Tariffs

1950/51 Torquay (1950/51); 38 countries Tariffs

1955/1956 Genebra (1955/56); 26 countries Tariffs

1960/61 Dillon (1960/61); 26 countries Tariffs

1964/67 Kennedy (1964/67); 62 countries Tariffs, Antidumping measures.

1973/79 Tokyo (1973/79); 102 countriesTariffs, Non-tariff measures,

Export restrictions, Measures for controlling the Proliferation.

1986/93 Uruguai (1986/93); 123 countriesTariffs, Agriculture, Services, Intellectual property, Textiles.

2001/… Doha (2001/…). 149 countriesIndustrial tariffs and Non-tariff

barriers, Trade remedies, Agriculture, Services.

Valter Telo 9

8. Importance of WTO: Important for international relations;

WTO is also target of criticism;

WTO is not an independent organization;

Less developed countries do not have much influence;

Trade was faced with a restriction products (less variety);

Product prices would be more expensive;

Valter Telo 10

9. Questions:

“You have to be very rich or very poor to live without a trade. “

Albert Camus

Thank you for watching.