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Health and Wholeness

Topic 8:

First Aid and Early Intervention

By: Ssemujju Stephen

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First Aid is

Emergency treatment offered to a person

before real treatment comes

Aims to preserve life and keep conditions fromgetting worse

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First Lesson:

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First Aid: be a leader and

ACT Aid

Save the victim from further harm

Assess events surrounding illness/accident to relayrelevant facts for health care

Comfort

Make the victim as comfortable as possible

Reassure victim, family

Transport

Send someone to get help, or do that yourself

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Bleeding

Pressure

Raise injured part

above heart Person lies flat

Loose wrap with

clean cloth

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Fractured bones: immobilize

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Cardiac Arrest

Follow the ABC strategy

Check for heart beat andbreathing by feeling for a pulse

and observing the chest formovement

Is the airway clear?

If not breathing give mouth tomouth resuscitation

Maintain circulation bymaking chest compressions

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Choking: for children or infants

Hold across arm, head down, make several gentleblows with hand to back between shoulder blades

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Choking: Adults Grab from behind around

waist Make fist with one hand,

thumb pointing in

Place fist half way betweennavel and bottom of breast

bone

Grab with the other hand Give several strong jerks.

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Choking: Help yourself!

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Poison

Common to Uganda = paraffin, medications orcaustic acids

Get to the doctor immediately!

Try to dilute with water or milkon the wayto the doctor

Take the poison with you to the doctor so they

know exactly what happened

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Fits or Seizures Caused by brain disturbance from injury, disease,

oxygen shortage, poisons, epilepsy.

Convulsions are not contagious

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Help a person having a fit: Ease fall, loosen clothing around neck Protect head: place something soft under head,

shoulders

Remove sharp objects/hazards

Do not hold them down

Do not put anything in their mouth

Get medical help

Myth: shoving onion in the mouth or putting a

spoon in to keep from biting tongue: NO!13

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Fire

If clothing catches fire, take off or pat out Stop, drop and roll!

Remove clothing covering a burn

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Treating a burn

1. Simple burn with no blister: cool wateris enough;

panadol for pain.

2. Blisters: do not break; wash with cool, clean water.Leave to heal. Never smear oil, butter.

3. Serious burns with charred flesh: needs medical

attention. Wrap with VERY clean cloth and

transport for care. Also keep up liquidsif large

area, add tsp salt and tsp bicarbonate of soda to

1 litre water, drink

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Simple cuts and scrapes Wash with clean water (bottled or boiled)

Get all bits of dirt out

Wrap with a clean cloth or a bandage

Put ice on if swelling

Watch for infection: puffy, oozing yellowish liquid

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Infections and abscesses

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Infections and Abscesses

Red, swollen, hot, painful

Pus or begins to smell bad

Clean well with soapy water

Apply detol, savlon or peroxide to

disinfect

Seek care if stays open long

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Snake bites

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Snake bites

Stay calm and quiet. Rapid actionspeeds heart rate. Get medicalhelp.

Wrap bitten area with a broadcloth very tightbut still feelpulse

Immobilize bitten areano

movement. Myth: Cutting, sucking poison or

use of black stones. It doesntwork

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Early Intervention

Early Intervention is

identifying the early

signs of an illness and

taking steps to get help

before it becomesserious.

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Why worry?

Many diseases begin with mild symptoms.

When diseases progress, they start to affect

organs and the chemistry in the body. Itbecomes more difficult for the body to fight.

Eventually serious problems occur in thebody and it cannot fight any more.

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Routine Screening

De-worming children

Regular (annual) dental and

vision Regular blood pressure

checks

Having health provider touch,press parts, listen to chest,

look in eyes and ears and

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Key symptom areas

Fever (low=37.5C, high=39C and above)

Vomiting, diarrhea

Blood in urine or stool

Skin, bumps, moles

Strong pain anywhere

Appetite

Vision

Teeth25

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Warning signs, 1

Loose large amounts of blood

Coughing up blood

Very blue lips, nails Great difficulty breathing (doesnt improve with

rest)

Person cannot be wakened, or so weak they faintwhen standing

1+ days without urinating or drinking

Failure to pass stool or flatus 26

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Warning signs, 2

Heavy vomiting, severe diarrhea lasting more

than one day or more than a few hours in

babies

Black stools like tar, or vomit with blood

Strong continuous stomach pains withvomiting

Strong, continuous pain lasting 3+ days

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Warning signs, 3

Stiff neck, arched back, maybe stiff jaw

Fit (seizure) with a fever or serious illness

Fever over 39C or lasts 4-5 days

Weight loss over extended time

Blood in urine

Sores that do not clear up

Lump or mole that changes shape, colour

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See a doctor if:

Increasing severity (gets worse)

Persistent (does not go away)

Disables (it interferes with your ability to dodaily activities)

General view is that this is serious (you or

others say so) Associated with other symptoms (e.g., more

than one thing are going wrong at the sametime)

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At the doctors

Describe symptoms: # days, where hurts

Tell them about other health conditions you

have whether they are related or not

Dont expect treatment! Time alone may be

enough.

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Make sure the doctor:

Understands your history with this problemand other problems you get treatment for

Examines you: touch, listen and look

Diagnoses you: tell you what it is

Discusses the treatment

Gives you contact information if there is a

problem!

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Understand your

medicationsName, dose

Condition it treats Affect on sleep, work, appetite

Reaction with other medicine you take

When to take it (food or not, times of day) Take as needed or full course

Never buy expired medicines

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The Whole Truth

Luke 10:30-36. Jesus said, A man was

goingto Jerichorobbers stripped himof his clothes, beat him and wentawayA priest passed bya Levite

passed bybut a Samaritan bandagedhis wounds, poured on oil and wine, tookhim to an inn and took care of himhe

paid the inkeeper to look after the

man. Which of these was a neighbourto the man who fell into the hands of therobbers?