Digital Logic 1
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Digital Logic1
4-bit countercirca 1960
8-bit countercirca 1990
2
Logic gates
Operates on logical values (TRUE = 1, FALSE = 0)
NOT
A B C
0 - 11 - 0
A B C
0 0 01 0 00 1 01 1 1
AND
A B C
0 0 01 0 10 1 11 1 1
OR
A B C
0 0 01 0 10 1 11 1 0
XOR
(buffer)
A B C
0 - 01 - 1
NAND
A B C
0 0 11 0 10 1 11 1 0
NOR
A B C
0 0 11 0 00 1 01 1 0
XNOR
A B C
0 0 11 0 00 1 01 1 1
3
Transistors & MOSFETS (briefly)
NPN
MOSFET(metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor)
BJT(bipolar junction transistor)
PNP N-channel P-channel
simplified switch behavior
forward bias the internal diode
requires relatively large current to “hold open”
exceed the gate threshold
draws very little current
~0.7 Volts 1-8 Volts
4
Logic families
TTL (transistor-transistor logic) CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)
basicL low powerS SchottkyLS low-power SchottkyAS advanced SchottkyALS advanced low-power Schottky
F Fast
C originalHC high speed
HCT high speed, TTL outputAC advanced
AHC advanced, high speedFC fast
LCX 3V supply, 5V tolerantLVQ 3.3VLVX 3.3V, 5V tolerantVHC very high speed
G super high speeds (>1 GHz)
74 _ _ # # #
invertercircuit
7400 series of IC logic chips
5
Logic ICs
Function 74 series
Quad 2-in NAND 00
Quad 2-in NOR 02
Hex NOT (inverter) 04
Hex buffer 07
Quad 2-in AND 08
Quad 2-in OR 32
Quad 2-in XOR 86
... ...
active components (require POWER and GROUND)
you should ground unused inputs
5-1
FAST AND LS TTL DATA
HEX INVERTER
14 13 12 11 10 9
1 2 3 4 5 6
VCC
8
7
GND
GUARANTEED OPERATING RANGES
Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit
VCC Supply Voltage 54
74
4.5
4.75
5.0
5.0
5.5
5.25
V
TA Operating Ambient Temperature Range 54
74
–55
0
25
25
125
70
°C
IOH Output Current — High 54, 74 –0.4 mA
IOL Output Current — Low 54
74
4.0
8.0
mA
SN54/74LS04
HEX INVERTER
LOW POWER SCHOTTKY
J SUFFIX
CERAMIC
CASE 632-08
N SUFFIX
PLASTIC
CASE 646-06
141
14
1
ORDERING INFORMATION
SN54LSXXJ Ceramic
SN74LSXXN Plastic
SN74LSXXD SOIC
14
1
D SUFFIX
SOIC
CASE 751A-02
74HC04
6
Voltage levelsVih(min) minimum high-level input voltageVil(max) maximum low-level input voltageVoh(min) minimum high-level output voltageVol(max) maximum low-level output voltage
5-2
FAST AND LS TTL DATA
SN54/74LS04
DC CHARACTERISTICS OVER OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE (unless otherwise specified)
S b l P
Limits
U i T C di iSymbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions
VIH Input HIGH Voltage 2.0 VGuaranteed Input HIGH Voltage for
All Inputs
VIL Input LOW Voltage54 0.7
VGuaranteed Input LOW Voltage for
VIL Input LOW Voltage74 0.8
Vp g
All Inputs
VIK Input Clamp Diode Voltage –0.65 –1.5 V VCC = MIN, IIN = –18 mA
VOH Output HIGH Voltage54 2.5 3.5 V VCC = MIN, IOH = MAX, VIN = VIHVOH Output HIGH Voltage74 2.7 3.5 V
CC , OH , IN IHor VIL per Truth Table
VOL Output LOW Voltage54, 74 0.25 0.4 V IOL = 4.0 mA VCC = VCC MIN,
VIN = VIL or VIHVOL Output LOW Voltage74 0.35 0.5 V IOL = 8.0 mA
VIN = VIL or VIHper Truth Table
IIH Input HIGH Current20 µA VCC = MAX, VIN = 2.7 V
IIH Input HIGH Current0.1 mA VCC = MAX, VIN = 7.0 V
IIL Input LOW Current –0.4 mA VCC = MAX, VIN = 0.4 V
IOS Short Circuit Current (Note 1) –20 –100 mA VCC = MAX
ICC
Power Supply Current
Total, Output HIGH 2.4 mA VCC = MAXICC p
Total, Output LOW 6.6
mA VCC MAX
Note 1: Not more than one output should be shorted at a time, nor for more than 1 second.
AC CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C)
S b l P
Limits
U i T C di iSymbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions
tPLH Turn-Off Delay, Input to Output 9.0 15 ns VCC = 5.0 V
tPHL Turn-On Delay, Input to Output 10 15 ns
CCCL = 15 pF
74LS04
7
Voltage levels
0
1
2
3
4
5
basic C HC HCT
0.8
2.0
2.7
0.5
LS
0.8
2.0
2.7
0.4
2.4
1.5
3.5
4.5
0.5
1.5
3.5
0.50.8
2.0
0.3
4.5
3.8
I O
TTL CMOS
8
Input / output demandsInputs demand voltage AND current
Iih high-level input current
Iil low-level input current
5-2
FAST AND LS TTL DATA
SN54/74LS04
DC CHARACTERISTICS OVER OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE (unless otherwise specified)
S b l P
Limits
U i T C di iSymbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions
VIH Input HIGH Voltage 2.0 VGuaranteed Input HIGH Voltage for
All Inputs
VIL Input LOW Voltage54 0.7
VGuaranteed Input LOW Voltage for
VIL Input LOW Voltage74 0.8
Vp g
All Inputs
VIK Input Clamp Diode Voltage –0.65 –1.5 V VCC = MIN, IIN = –18 mA
VOH Output HIGH Voltage54 2.5 3.5 V VCC = MIN, IOH = MAX, VIN = VIHVOH Output HIGH Voltage74 2.7 3.5 V
CC , OH , IN IHor VIL per Truth Table
VOL Output LOW Voltage54, 74 0.25 0.4 V IOL = 4.0 mA VCC = VCC MIN,
VIN = VIL or VIHVOL Output LOW Voltage74 0.35 0.5 V IOL = 8.0 mA
VIN = VIL or VIHper Truth Table
IIH Input HIGH Current20 µA VCC = MAX, VIN = 2.7 V
IIH Input HIGH Current0.1 mA VCC = MAX, VIN = 7.0 V
IIL Input LOW Current –0.4 mA VCC = MAX, VIN = 0.4 V
IOS Short Circuit Current (Note 1) –20 –100 mA VCC = MAX
ICC
Power Supply Current
Total, Output HIGH 2.4 mA VCC = MAXICC p
Total, Output LOW 6.6
mA VCC MAX
Note 1: Not more than one output should be shorted at a time, nor for more than 1 second.
AC CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C)
S b l P
Limits
U i T C di iSymbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions
tPLH Turn-Off Delay, Input to Output 9.0 15 ns VCC = 5.0 V
tPHL Turn-On Delay, Input to Output 10 15 ns
CCCL = 15 pF
74LS04
74HC04
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1 ! 2)
If Military!Aerospace specified devices are required"please contact the National Semiconductor SalesOffice!Distributors for availability and specifications#
Supply Voltage (VCC) b0"5 to a7"0V
DC Input Voltage (VIN) b1"5 to VCCa1"5V
DC Output Voltage (VOUT) b0"5 to VCCa0"5V
Clamp Diode Current (IIK# IOK) g20 mA
DC Output Current# per pin (IOUT) g25 mA
DC VCC or GND Current# per pin (ICC) g50 mA
Storage Temperature Range (TSTG) b65!C to a150!CPower Dissipation (PD)
(Note 3) 600 mWS"O" Package only 500 mW
Lead Temperature (TL)(Soldering 10 seconds) 260!C
Operating ConditionsMin Max Units
Supply Voltage (VCC) 2 6 V
DC Input or Output Voltage 0 VCC V
(VIN# VOUT)
Operating Temp" Range (TA)
MM74HC b40 a85 !CMM54HC b55 a125 !C
Input Rise or Fall Times
VCCe2"0V(tr# tf) 1000 ns
VCCe4"5V 500 ns
VCCe6"0V 400 ns
DC Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
TAe25!C74HC 54HC
Symbol Parameter Conditions VCC TAeb40 to 85!C TAeb55 to 125!C Units
Typ Guaranteed Limits
VIH Minimum High Level 2"0V 1"5 1"5 1"5 V
Input Voltage 4"5V 3"15 3"15 3"15 V
6"0V 4"2 4"2 4"2 V
VIL Maximum Low Level 2"0V 0"5 0"5 0"5 V
Input Voltage"" 4"5V 1"35 1"35 1"35 V
6"0V 1"8 1"8 1"8 V
VOH Minimum High Level VINeVIL
Output Voltage lIOUTls20 mA 2"0V 2"0 1"9 1"9 1"9 V
4"5V 4"5 4"4 4"4 4"4 V
6"0V 6"0 5"9 5"9 5"9 V
VINeVIL
lIOUTls4"0 mA 4"5V 4"2 3"98 3"84 3"7 V
lIOUTls5"2 mA 6"0V 5"7 5"48 5"34 5"2 V
VOL Maximum Low Level VINeVIH
Output Voltage lIOUTls20 mA 2"0V 0 0"1 0"1 0"1 V
4"5V 0 0"1 0"1 0"1 V
6"0V 0 0"1 0"1 0"1 V
VINeVIH
lIOUTls4"0 mA 4"5V 0"2 0"26 0"33 0"4 V
lIOUTls5"2 mA 6"0V 0"2 0"26 0"33 0"4 V
IIN Maximum Input VINeVCC or GND 6"0V g0"1 g1"0 g1"0 mA
Current
ICC Maximum Quiescent VINeVCC or GND 6"0V 2"0 20 40 mA
Supply Current IOUTe0 mA
Note 1$ Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur"
Note 2$ Unless otherwise specified all voltages are referenced to ground"
Note 3$ Power Dissipation temperature derating $ plastic ‘‘N’’ package% b12 mW&!C from 65!C to 85!C' ceramic ‘‘J’’ package% b12 mW&!C from 100!C to 125!C"
Note 4$ For a power supply of 5V g10% the worst case output voltages (VOH# and VOL) occur for HC at 4"5V" Thus the 4"5V values should be used when designingwith this supply" Worst case VIH and VIL occur at VCCe5"5V and 4"5V respectively" (The VIH value at 5"5V is 3"85V") The worst case leakage current (IIN# ICC# andIOZ) occur for CMOS at the higher voltage and so the 6"0V values should be used"
""VIL limits are currently tested at 20% of VCC" The above VIL specification (30% of VCC) will be implemented no later than Q1# CY’89"
2
TTL inputs require significantly more current than CMOS inputs
9
Logic family compatibility
ToToToTo
TTLHCTACT
HCAC
HC, AC@ 3.3V
TTL OK OKpull-up to
+5VOK
HCTACT
OK OK OK NO
HCAC
OK OK OK NO
HC, AC@ 3.3V
OK OK NO OK
From
10
Special outputsTTL open collector / CMOS open drain
Tri-state output
LOW - output driven to groundHIGH - output releases
need a pull-up resistor to enable HIGH output
uses: high-voltage output, wired AND/OR
S (select) input switches output
LOW - output driven to groundHIGH - output driven to +VccOFF - output releases
11
Sizing pull-up resistors
Minimum high input voltage dictates maximum R
Maximum low output voltage dictates minimum R
+5V
74HC04
74HC05 74HC04
74HC04
R
74HC05 (open-collector)
74HC04
V ih (min) V il (max) I ih I il
3.15 V 1.5 V 1 uA -1 uA
V oh (min) V ol (max) I oh I ol
O.C. 0.33 V 5 uA 4 mA
12
74HC00 quad 2-in NAND
74HC02 quad 2-in NOR
74HC04 hex inverter
74C04 hex inverter
74HC05 hex open-collector inverter
74HC08 quad 2-in AND
74HC14 hex schmitt inverter
74HC32 quad 2-in OR
74HC74 dual D flip-flop
74HC125 quad 3-state buffer
74HC151 8-to-1 mux
In the mini-store
13
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