Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 1 Microsoft Office Excel Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 1 11.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

1

Microsoft Office Excel

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 1Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights

reserved. 11Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.

Introduction to Excel Macros

Lab 15

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Objectives

Create a macroCreate macro buttonsWork with macro security Understand the basics of VBA

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Macros and VBAA macro is a set of instructions that tells

Excel which commands to execute

Visual Basic a programming language used to create macros

You do not have to be a programmer to write macros

Developing an Excel Application

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If the Excel Developer tab is not on the Ribbon, click the Office Button, click the Options button, click Customize Ribbon in the Excel Options dialog box (if necessary), click the Developer tab in the Ribbon check box to insert a check mark, and then click the OK button

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Work with Macro SecurityThe proliferation of Excel macro viruses has

made it a dangerous operation to open spreadsheets that contain viruses

To counter this threat, when you open an Excel workbook that contains macros, Excel automatically disables the macros and displays the Security Warning Macros have been disabled message

Click Options to open the Microsoft Office Security Options dialog box

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Method1: Create a Macro with the Macro Recorder

To use the recorder, click the Macros down arrow in the Macros group and select Record Macros

From that point until you stop recording, every command you execute will be stored by the recorder

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Method1: Create a Macro with the Macro Recorder

The Macro Recorder has some issues:Everything you do once you begin recording a

macro becomes part of the macroTake your time and be sure the action is correctTry to ensure your macros are broad enough to

apply to a variety of situationsThe Visual Basic Editor (VBE) is used to create,

edit, execute, and debug Excel macros

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Method1: Create a Macro with the Macro Recorder

To create a macro:1. Click Record Macro in the Macros down arrow

in the Macros group of the View tab to open the Record Macro dialog box

2. Type a name for the macro in the Macro name text box

3. Create a keyboard shortcut, if desired, for your macro in the Shortcut key box

4. Select a location to store the macro from the Store macro in drop-down arrow

5. Click OK to start recording the Macro

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Method2: Visual Basic Editor

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Method2: Assign Macro to Button

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Method 2: Create a Macro with Editor: Procedure

Name your Macro4 and click New to open visual basic editor

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Method 2: Using a User Defined Function

Click in Cell you want to use the function

Click on fx to open Insert Function

Click on drop down menu to select User Defined

User defined functions created in VB will be listed

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Method 2: Create a Macro with Editor

Click on the Developer tab , then click on Visual Basic to open Editor.

You can being to code either a function or a sub procedure

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Method 2: Inputting Function Arguments

You will be prompted for the arguments required for the function.

Just like Excel SUM function required a values or a cell range, your function could require values or cells as well.

Method 2: Working with the Visual Basic Editor

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In the Code group on the Developer tab, click the Macros button

Click the macro name in the Macro name box, if necessary, and then click the Edit button

Code

Code Window

Project Explorer

Method 2: Working with the Visual Basic Editor

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A project is a collection of macros, worksheets, data-entry forms, and other items that make up the customized application you’re trying to create

An object is any element within the Excel working environment such as a worksheet, cell, workbook, or even Excel itself

A module is a collection of VBA macrosThe Code window displays the VBA macro

code associated with any item in Project Explorer

Method 2: Working with the Visual Basic Editor

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Sheet Macro Modules

Comment Line

VBA Command

End of Procedure

Sub Procedure

Name

Method 2: Working with Sub Procedures

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Procedure – a group of ordered statements enclosed by Sub and End Sub

Function – the same as a procedure, but also returns some value and is closed between Function and End Function key words

Module – collection of logically related procedures grouped together

Syntax refers to the set of rules that specify how you must enter certain commands so that VBA interprets them correctly

A comment is a statement that describes the behavior or purpose of a procedure, but does not perform any action

Method 2: Working with Sub Procedures

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Line separate procedures

Welcome_Click

Notice the highlighted text. Code window is syntax sensitive

Method 2: Referring to Objects

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VBA is an object-oriented programming language, in which tasks are performed by manipulating objects

Method 2: Referring to Objects

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Objects are often grouped into collections, which are themselves objects, called collection objects

Referring to Objects

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Method 2: Applying Methods

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A method is an action that can be performed on an object, such as closing a workbook or printing the contents of a worksheet

Method 2: Working with Variables and Values

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A variable is a named element in a program that can be used to store and retrieve information

Every variable is identified by a unique variable name

Dim variable as typeA variable name

Must start with letter and can’t contain spaces and special characters (such as “&”, “%”, “\”)

Method 2: Using Variables

Declaring VariablesFormat: Dim varibaleName AS dataTypeExamples:

Dim myText As String Dim myNum As IntegerDim myObj As Range

The default value of any numeric variable is zeroany string variable – “” (empty string)an Object variable – is nothing (still the declaration will store space for

the object!!!)

Dim myRange as RangeSet myRange = Range(“A1:A10”)

Method 2: Procedure & Function Examples

Sub ShowTime()    Range("C1") = 19

End Sub

Function sumNo(x, y)     sumNo = x + y

End Function

The procedure places the value 19

inside cell C1

The function returns sum of two input numbers,

whose values are in the parameter variables x &

y

To assign a value to a Numeric or String type Variable, you simply use your Variable name, followed by the equals sign (=) and then the String or Numeric

The Variables Advantage by Example

Sub NoVariable()

Range("A1").Value = Range("B2").Value

Range("A2").Value = Range("B2").Value * 2

Range("A3").Value = Range("B2").Value * 4

Range("B2").Value = Range("B2").Value * 5

End Sub

Sub WithVariable() Dim iValue as Integer

iValue =Range("B2").Value

Range("A1").Value = iValue

Range("A2").Value = iValue * 2

Range("A3").Value = iValue * 4

Range("B2").Value = iValue * 5

End Sub

Variables Assignment – cont.

Sub ParseValue() Dim sWord as String Dim iNumber as Integer Dim rCell as Range

Set rCell = Range("A1") sWord = Range("A1").Text iNumber = Range("A1").Value

End Sub

Method 2: Message Box Example

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Sub MyProcedure()‘These are my comments about my

procedure

MsgBox ("This Pops Open a Message Box")Range("A3").Value = "Input Text to Cell A3"Range("A5").Value = 34

End Sub

Method 2: Working with Conditional Statements

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Method 2: Working with Conditional Statements

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Method 2: Working with Conditional Statements

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Saving Excel Macros

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