CATs R+D - an Industrial Viewpoint Mike Farley an Industrial Viewpoint Mike Farley Director of Technology Policy Liaison APGTF 27 February 2008. Page 1 Contents Doosan Babcock update

CATs R+D- an Industrial Viewpoint

Mike Farley

Director of Technology Policy Liaison

APGTF 27 February 2008

Page 1

Contents

Doosan Babcock updateImportance of R+D + Demonstration to Best Available TechnologyCurrent activities in UK industryAmbitions of industryWhat is needed from

GovernmentUniversities and Research CouncilsTSB, ETI, ETF and the EU

Page 2

Company update

• Doosan Babcock Energy Limited is a subsidiary of Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction of South Korea, part of the Doosan Group – the oldest and one of the top 10 conglomerates in Korea

• Doosan Heavy is a market leader in gas, coal, nuclear power generation and desalination with orders in 2007 totalling 7 Bn USD

• Doosan Babcock Energy remains committed to all forms of power generation, including clean coal, nuclear, gas and renewables

• Doosan Babcock Energy will be the Doosan global Centre of Excellence and R+D Centre for Boilers (including Clean coal and Carbon dioxide capture)

• Doosan Babcock Energy’s territory is Europe, America, Southern Africa and China

Nuclear Thermal Turbine & Generator

Desalination Casting & Forging Construction

Page 3

Key resources maintained –Doosan Babcock

Changshu 3 x 600 MW supercritical boilers

Rebuild 800 MW supercritical Nikola Tesla

Trimble County B 750 MW supercritical boiler for EON USA

Doosan Changwonworks, Korea

Page 4

Recent contract successes–Doosan Babcock

• BOFA systems for Didcot, Ferrybridge, Cottam, Rugely, Drax, Longannet, Sines

• Major plant refurbishments Nikolai Tesla, Kosovo

• Advanced cofiring developments

• Feasibility / FEED studies for capture ready advanced supercritical retrofits– Ferrybridge, Longannet and Cockenzie, Brindisi North

• BOFA and SCR - EPC contract for 6 X 600MW Castle Peak B in Hong Kong, China and 2x 600MW at Wanqu in China

• Second Posiflow retrofit at Yaomeng in China

• £550M long term R+M and technical support contract for British Energy nuclear fleet

• Contract for 2 x 800MW Advanced Supercritical (600deg C) Boilers with Posiflowtm in Germany

Page 5

Contents



Page 6

CO2 Abatement from Fossil Fuels – Twin Track Approach

Carbon Dioxide

Reduction

Increased Efficiency,Biomass

cofiring etc

CarbonCapture and

Storage (CCS)

- -

Possible Now

Long Term TimeMedium Term2012 2020

-23%

Baseline

- 60%

- 95% TRACK 2

TRACK 1

>>> concept of “Capture-ready plant”

Page 7

1960 1980 2000 2020

35

40

45

50

55

30

Supercritical Boilers

Sub Critical Boilers

Plant efficiency

% NCV

Year

Target AD700

50 – 55%

Doosan BabcockASC

46%

Meri PoriHemweg

New Chinese Orders

42%

Chinese fleet 38%

OlderPlants

Increasing Efficiency

Lower CO2

emissions

Best Available Advanced Supercritical Technology being supplied now

38%

32%

UK

fleet

Abatement of CO2 by efficiency improvement of Pulverised Coal Plant

(-23%)

(-29%)

Page 8

Main Steam 281bar 602.45°C

Reheat Steam 605 °C

International traded Bituminous Coal with 3 specified guarantee coals plus 100% oil firing

Boiler Efficiency (100% load LHV) 95%

O2 at economiser outlet 2.84%

Boiler HP steam flow 578.65 kg/s

Pressure drop (bar)HP 27RH 2.4

SCR inlet NOx (worst coal) <450mg/Nm3

SCR outlet NOx (all coals) 200mg/Nm3

CO at econ outlet <200mg/Nm3

Capture ready 2x 800MW 46 % efficiency two pass boiler

Ordered in Germany

Suitable for UK

Page 9

Advanced Supercritical Coal fired power plant with CO2 Capture

• DTI Project 407 Technoeconomic Study has shown:

– how to retrofit Advanced Supercritical boilers and turbines to existing plant, how to make the design “capture- ready”, and how to retrofit Amine scrubbing or Oxyfuel firing

– that these options can be economic in terms of the Cost of Electricity generated

• Partners: Doosan Babcock, Alstom, E.ON, Air Products, Imperial College• Sponsors: E.ON, DraxPower, EDF Energy, SSE, RWE, ScottishPower

FEED Studies on capture ready ASC (Ferrybridge and Longannet)

Capture ready design for EON Kingsnorth tender

and collaborative projects on Oxyfuel and Post-combustion capture, including Oxycoal2

Page 10

Contents



Page 11

What are CATS?

Carbon Dioxide

Reduction

, Increased Efficiency,

Biomasscofiring etc

CarbonCapture and

Storage (CCS)

- -

Possible Now

Long Term TimeMedium Term2012 2020

-23%

Baseline

- 60%

- 95% TRACK 2

TRACK 1

CO2 Abatement from Fossil Fuels – Twin Track Approach

Page 12

What’s happening in the CATs field in UK industry?

UK companies are participating in EU, UK govt and international R+D projects on High Efficiency Boiler/Steam Turbine , biomass cofiring and CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage

• EU Research projects on Efficiency ( COST 536 Materials for Advanced Plant, COMTES 700 ), Capture (ENCAP, CASTOR, CESAR, ASSOCOGS) and Storage

• DTI Projects (largely complete)– Retrofit of Gasifier to CCGT, DTI 407- Retrofits of Boiler/Turbines with CO2 Capture, DTI 366 Future

CO2 Capture Technology Options for the Canadian Market, High pressure coal gasification, DTI 410 -Materials and Fabrication for 700degC power plant,

• BERR/TSB projects underway:– Post-combustion capture (CASSCAP), Oxyfuel combustion (Oxycoal1,Oxycoal2), High efficiency

hydrogen gas turbines, Integrated Gasification Steam Cycle (IGSC), CO2 Aquifer Storage (CASSEM), Improved Modelling of Material Properties for Higher Efficiency Power Plant (TSB - IMMP3), Modelling Fireside Corrosion of Heat Exchanger Materials in Advanced Energy Systems

• International R+D– Vattenfall Oxyfuel demonstration- (via ENCAP)– E.ON Collaborative Pilot R&D activities( University of Texas, ITC Canada) and Bilateral Development

of pilot plants (up to 5MW scale) with Alstom, Siemens– Involvement in Futuregen 275MWe Project Development– RWE npower is an industrial sponsor of the pilot amine scrubbing research facility of University of

Texas at Austin

Page 13


UK companies are participating in EU, UK govt and international R+D projects on High Efficiency Boiler/Steam Turbine , biomass cofiring and CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage

• EU Research projects on Efficiency ( COST 536 Materials for Advanced Plant, COMTES 700 ), Capture (ENCAP, CASTOR, CESAR ASSOCOGS) and Storage

• DTI Projects (largely complete)– Retrofit of Gasifier to CCGT,DTI Project 407- Retrofits of Boiler/Turbines with CO2 capture, DTI - 366

‘Future CO2 Capture Technology Options for the Canadian Market’, High pressure coal gasification, DTI Project 410 - Materials and fabrication for 700degC power plant,

• BERR/TSB projects underway:– Post-combustion capture (CASSCAP), Oxyfuel combustion (Oxycoal1,Oxycoal2), High efficiency

hydrogen gas turbines, Integrated Gasification Steam Cycle (IGSC), CO2 Aquifer Storage (CASSEM), Improved Modelling of Material Properties for Higher Efficiency Power Plant (TSB - IMMP3), DTI/BERR: Modelling Fireside Corrosion of Heat Exchanger Materials in Advanced Energy Systems

• International R+D– Vattenfall Oxyfuel demonstration– E.ON Collaborative Pilot R&D activities( University of Texas, ITC Canada) and Bilateral Development

of pilot plants (up to 5MW scale) with Alstom, Siemens– Involvement in Futuregen 275MWe Project Development– RWE npower is an industrial sponsor of the pilot amine scrubbing research facility of University of

Texas at Austin

More detail of each of these

projects is given in the appended

slides

Page 14

Oxycoal2 - Demonstration of Oxycoal combustion system for coal fired power plants

• Convert Doosan Babcock’s full-scale burner test facility tooxyfuel firing

• Oxygen supply• Flue gas recycle system (fans, ducts, cooler, heater, etc.) • Instrumentation

• Design and build full-scale utility Oxycoal burner (40MW)• Derived from air-firing experience, CFD modelling and

Oxyfuel R+D

• Demonstrate a full-scale utility Oxycoal burner• Flame stability, combustion efficiency, emissions, flame

shape, and heat transfer characteristics as function of %CO2 recycle and excess oxygen

• Start-up, shut down, transition from air to oxyfuel, load change

Page 15


• Studies on new / retrofit power plant (capture ready or with CCS):– Peterhead Miller project (gas)

– Ferrybridge retrofit (coal, supercritical)

– Longannet advanced supercritical coal power plant

– E.ON Kingsnorth capture ready advanced supercritical coal power plant

– Tilbury replacement (coal, supercritical)

– Hatfield , E.ON , Teesside and Conocco Philips IGCC with CCS

• Prequalification preparation underway for the BERR CCS Demonstration Competition

• Studies on CO2 transport infrastructure – North West

– Yorkshire and Humberside

– Thames

– Firth of Forth

Page 16

Contents



Page 17

Pilot Plant Constructed

Product Considered “Commercially Proven” - 100’s of MW (equivalent) deployed

First Full-Scale Plant Operational

New Ideas

Basic R&D:speculative, science ledindustry needs led

Feedback of R&D needs

Demonstration DeploymentResearch & Development

underpinning R&D to mitigate perceived technical, market & financial risks

applied R&D to address technical issues

Pilot Plant Constructed

Product Considered “Commercially Proven” - 100’s of MW (equivalent) deployed

First Full-Scale Plant Operational

New Ideas

Basic R&D:speculative, science ledindustry needs led

Feedback of R&D needs


underpinning R&D to mitigate perceived technical, market & financial risks

applied R&D to address technical issues

Energy Innovation Chain: where are CATs now ?

Page 18

Energy Innovation Chain Specific to Carbon Abatement Technologies for Fossil Fuels

Research Councils


Future Incentives?

DTI Technology Programme, ITI Energy DTI CATs planned

demonstration programmes

Research Councils

Demonstration DeploymentResearch & Development Demonstration DeploymentResearch & Development

Future Incentives for CCS?

TSB Technology Programme

ETI

BERR HFCCATs(Demonstration

programmes (£35M))

- Peterhead/Miller field Hydrogen power plant- Capture-ready Advanced Supercritical projects- IGCCs-

BERR/DEFRA ETF(Environmental Transformation

Fund)

-BERR Post combustion CCS Demonstration project

Page 19

Timescales and ambitions

• Research and Development: now → 2020+

• Early Demonstration projects (incl. Capture ready) now → 2012/15

• 10 - 12 Demonstrations in Europe by 2015

• Full commercialisation by 2020

• Extensive implementation 2020 – 2030

- Industry view is that the technologies that will be fully commercialised by 2020 will be based on the technologies that are known now at lab/pilot scale

- A huge build up in industry capacity is needed as well as proving of technology

- Need to create OEM /EPC capability in UK based companies

- R&D and early stage demonstration will continue to be essential

IEA scenario presented to G8 in

Bali requires 22 coal (800MW) and 20 gas (500MW)

CCS power plants per year from 2013

to 2030

Page 20

Research Agenda for CATs – Industry Reference Documents

• APGTF Vision for Clean Fossil Power Generation, May 2004• DTI CAT Strategy, July 2005• European Power Plant Suppliers Association, R, D and D needs• Coal Research Forum CUSG report “Coal Research Needs in the UK”, 4th

Edition, Sept 2005• European Technology Platform ZEP (Zero emissions Fossil Fuel Power Plant)

Strategic Research Agenda. Recently updated to provide recommendations to FP7. Also WG1 report on website.

• OSI Science Review for Energy:– Carbon Capture and Storage – Sept 2006 Jon Gibbins– Clean Fossil Fuelled Power Generation – Sept 2006 - Tony Oliver

• APGTF R,D and Demo Priorities, 2008

» All have in common the same research areas

Page 21

Overview of CATs Research Agenda

• Efficiency improvement for power plant– boilers, turbines, IGCC

• Co-use of biomass– cofiring, co-gasification, …

• Carbon dioxide capture – post-combustion, pre-combustion, oxyfuel

• Carbon dioxide transport and storage– Pipelines, Ships,– EOR, depleted gas fields, saline acquifers, unmineable coal seams

» Improved performance, economics, safety, environment and public awareness

Page 22

Efficiency improvement for Power Plant

• Materials, fabrication, inspection, monitoring and life assessment technologies for progressive increases in steam temperature and pressure to 350 bar and 750°C

– Particular issues relating to high nickel alloys– Inspection of dissimilar metal welds , thick section castings in steam chests and valves – On-line, in situ structural health monitoring

• Utilisation of waste heat– Needs more techno- economic/societal studies

Ambition: a 700deg coal power plant (efficiency >50 % before CCS and >45 % with CCS), designed for CCS, integrated with a district heating scheme.

Operating in the UK by 2016

Page 23

Cofiring of Biomass

- Advanced cofiring or co-gasification (up to 20% or more by heat input), including corrosion, slagging and fouling issues

- Efficient preparation and processing of sustainable biomass energy crops (e.g. pelletisation, torrefaction)

Ambition:

a biomass cofired 600deg coal power plant (efficiency >45 %)designed for CCS, integrated with a district heating scheme,with 20% cofiring of a wide range of biomass fuels

Operating in the UK by 2016

Page 24

Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies

Post-combustion (scrubbing)- Process optimisation- New and less energy intensive solvents (e.g. amines)- Avoidance of solvent degradation

Ambition:

a 600deg coal power plant (efficiency >45 % before CCS and >36 % with CCS), with Post combustion capture, operating in the UK by 2014and Several smaller scale demonstrations of competing scrubbing technologies eg 25 MW slip stream on UK coals

Page 25

Pre-combustion Capture- Gasification : process integration/optimisation, improved availability- Gas cleaning : improved reliability- Gas conditioning : CO2 capture : integration and optimisation of shift

conversion and CO2 capture processes, conditioning of H2 fuelgas stream for GT

- Gas turbine : Premix burners for hydrogen requiring- Air separation unit : Process optimisation, improved absorbents

for contamination removal, high efficiency packings for distilling fluids close to supercritical conditions

Ambition:

a UK demonstration and UK OEM capability

Page 26

Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies - Oxyfuel combustion

- Process optimisation – including start-up/shut-down- Combustion chemistry and kinetics- Heat transfer prediction- Materials for oxyfuel environment, corrosion issues- Ash properties- Flue gas cleaning to meet CO2 specifications- ASUs- Flue gas cleaning and conditioning

Ambitions:

a 100MWe Demonstration of a wall fired Oxyfuel power plant on UK coals by 2012

a 500 MW Demonstration CCS project by 2015

Page 27

Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage

Transport- Corrosion behaviour of pipelines as a function of material, temperature,

etc- Alternative materials, joining technologies, sealing technologies- Crack formation and growth- Technologies for CO2 ships

Ambitions: early stages of a transport network linked to one or more storage sites and several capture sites by 2015/7

Page 28

Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage

Storage

• Gather experimental data and develop proper modelling and measuring, monitoring and verification techniques, together with knowledge and methods on trapping, rock and fluid properties, stability/integrity and CO2 mobility

• Assess / develop cost-effective methods for managing impact of sub-surface uncertainty on performance prediction and risk.

• Develop database of equilibrium and kinetic data for use in coupled geochemical modelling of storage systems.

• Develop remote sensing techniques that give improved characterisation of stability of storage sites e.g. geomechanical properties for fault stability

• Assess potential for storage in saline aquifers e.g. develop atlas of seal and saline formation properties for North Sea

• ECBM /UCG – real absorption capacity of coal as function of depth and permeability

Ambitions: multiple storage demonstrations in UK by 2015, including EOR, depleted gas fields and saline acquifers

Page 29

Contents



Page 30

Government Strategy for CATs

• Published July 2005, covers coal and gas, being updated now

• Objective: “To ensure the UK takes a leading role in the development and commercialisation of carbon abatement technologies that can make a significant and affordable reduction in CO2 emissions for fossil fuel use”

• Covers whole spectrum from research, development, demonstration to deployment, including requirements for regulation, incentives and public awareness

• Similar objectives to industry but needs to match the scale of the industry’s ambitions if the objectives are to be achieved

Page 31

Actions for Government, TSB, ETI, ETF and the Research Councils

• The government should include in its revision of the CAT strategy a vision for the progress and roll out of CCS, first to 10-12 demonstrations and then to full commercialisation by 2020 on the scale necessary to meet its global CO2reduction targets

• The BERR review of incentives for CCS should be accelerated and a commitment given as part of the planning of the CO2 Allowance Auction process to recycle auction revenues to support a number of early CCS projects, infrastructure development and an ambitious programme of R,D and early stage demonstration, sufficient to meet the objectives of the updated CAT Strategy

• The government’s ten year commitment to ETI should be matched by similar long term plans for TSB and ETF

• The government should give maximum weight to the potential economic benefits and employment prospects in UK companies in all its support schemes, including the CCS competition

Page 32

Thank you for your attention

[email protected]

Doosan Babcock are committed to development and global implementation of

cleaner power plants - clean coal, clean gas, nuclear and renewables as rapidly as

the market allows

Page 33

APGTF 27 January 2008 “An Industry View of CATs R+D” - supporting slides

Supporting slides• The author acknowledges slides provided by the following

organisations which demonstrate both the breadth and depth of industrial R+D in Carbon Abatement Technologies in the UK

– Doosan Babcock– Edinburgh University– EON– Jacobs – RWE– Scottish Power

Page 34

Emissions Reduction by Improvements in Plant Efficiency

1960 1980 2000 2020

35

40

45

50

55

30



Plant efficiency

% NCV

Year

Target AD700

50 – 55%

Doosan BabcockASC

46%

Meri PoriHemweg

New Chinese Orders

42%

Chinese fleet 38%

OldPlants 30%


Lower CO2

emissions

Best Available Advanced Supercritical Technology being offered

NOW

38%

32%

UK/US

fleet

(-23%)

(-29%)

1960 1980 2000 2020

35

40

45

50

55

30



Plant efficiency

% NCV

Year

Target AD700

50 – 55%

Doosan BabcockASC

46%

Meri PoriHemweg

New Chinese Orders

42%

Chinese fleet 38%

OldPlants 30%


Lower CO2

emissions

Best Available Advanced Supercritical Technology being offered

NOW

38%

32%

UK/US

fleet

(-23%)

(-29%)

Page 35

Improved Modelling of Material Properties for Higher Efficiency Power Plant (TSB - IMMP3)

• Overall Objectives – The development, integration and validation of three complementary modelling techniques:-

• Nano-scale modelling – nucleation and growth of second-phase particles.• Meso-scale modelling – microstructure evolution prediction .• Macro-modelling – dislocation/particle interaction leading to cavity formation.

– Applied to three material groups:-• Low gamma prime nickel alloys – Inconel 625, Inconel 617, Nimonic 263, Inconel 740.• Creep resistant alloy steels – primarily T/P91, T/P92 and matching weld metal.• High gamma prime single crystal nickel turbine blade material.

• Partners• Doosan Babcock Energy Ltd – Project Leader• Alstom Power Ltd. – Industrial partner, Steam Turbine Manufacturer.• E.ON UK plc. – Industrial partner, Power Plant Operator.• University of Leicester – Academic partner, modelling expertise, microstructural

characterisation.• Loughborough University – Academic partner, modelling expertise, microstructural

characterisation.• QinetiQ – Research Organisation, modelling expertise.• National Physical Laboratory – Research Organisation, providing MTDATA thermodynamic

database, plus conducting a variety of physical tests including small punch test.

Page 36

DTI Project 410 - Materials and fabrication for 700degC power plant

• Extrusion One.– AD700 programme ; first ever thick section alloy 263 pipe.– Mechanical test results obtained under this programme.

• Extrusion Two.– Provided by the present Doosan Babcock programme.

• Extrusion Three.– Provided by the German COORETEC programme and produced by a different material

supplier.

Extrusions 2 & 3 tested jointly in Doosan Babcock Programme and COORETEC Project.

Alloy 263 Full Qualification Requirements to Satisfy E.U. Rules.

Page 37

Direct Co-firing Options for Power Plant

• Dedicated burners are an option but an unnecessary expense• Coal burner utilisation most cost effective for direct co-firing systems • Burner design and biomass type critical to direct co-firing design

versus

• Pf pipework design options allow higher levels of direct co-firing at lower risk (iesimilar to Drax system)

• Up to 50% co-firing possible on new supercritical plant, however,– Mill control, furnace design and sootblower configuration require modification to

accommodate higher co-firing rates.– Fuel composition and co-firing level needs careful specification and control

• 20% limit recommended for retrofit

Page 38

Doosan Babcock ….Clean Coal and Carbon Capture

UK Government funded project : DTI-407 : Coal-Fired Advanced Supercritical Boiler/Turbine Retrofit with CO2 Capture

Objectives

• Evaluation of the technical and economic feasibility of retrofitting UK coal-fired power plants with advanced supercritical boiler/turbine technology and carbon dioxide capture

• Carbon capture technologies considered• Amine scrubbing• Oxyfuel

Project structure

• Project Leader : Doosan Babcock • Equipment Suppliers : Doosan Babcock, Alstom Power, Air Products• UK Utilities : E.ON UK, Drax Power Ltd, EDF Energy plc, Scottish & Southern Energy,

RWEnpower, ScottishPower• Universities: Imperial College London• Subcontractors: Fluor Ltd

Final Report Issued September 2007

Page 39


Project StructureDTI 366 project has been undertaken by a project consortium co-ordinated by DoosanBabcock comprising of the following members:• Doosan Babcock (UK)• Canadian Clean Power Coalition (CCPC) (Canada)• Alstom Power (UK)• Air Products (UK)• Imperial College (UK)• Neill & Gunter (Canada)• Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) (Japan)

UK Government funded Project : DTI - 366 ‘Future CO2 Capture Technology Options for the Canadian Market’

Objectives• Evaluation of the techno-economic feasibility of new-build coal-fired advanced supercritical power plant options utilising Oxyfuel and Amine CO2 capture technologies for both capture and capture retrofit solutions, with conceptual designs evaluated for three different Canadian coals/sites

Final Report issued June 2007

Page 40


Project Structure• Project Leader : Doosan Babcock • Equipment Suppliers : Doosan Babcock, Air Products• UK Utilities : E.ON UK, RWEnpower• Universities : University of Nottingham, Imperial College London• Other Partners : BP• Sponsored by SP, SSE, Drax, EDF and DONG Energy

UK Government funded Project : DTI - 404 ‘Development of Oxyfuel Combustion as a potential Carbon Capture Technology’ – Oxycoal1

Objectives

• Evaluation of the techno-economic feasibility of oxyfuel combustion as a carbon capture technology , via

• Laboratory and pilot scale (up to 1 MWth) testing running from 2007 to 2009• Full-scale single burner testing (70MWth), commencing 2008 and running to 2010• Development and test of CO2purification and compression system

Work in Progress

Page 41

Purification of Oxyfuel derived CO2

• Oxycoal 1 project – Air Products led Work Package with Imperial College and Doosan Babcock participation

• CO2 compression and purification system – inerts removal and compression to 110 bar

• Design and experimental design complete• Modelling underway• Batch reactor tests at Imperial College starting• NRTF tests (160KW) at Doosan Babcock to follow in Spring 2008

Page 42

Advanced Supercritical Boiler Technology with Oxyfuel

750MW ASC DoosanBabcock boiler – Trimble County EON USA

Burners, typically 50 x 40MW

Air firing:

Coal +O2 +4N2

Air firing:

CO2 +4N2 FGD

Flue

CO2 Recycle line

Oxy firing:

Coal +O2 + xCO2

Oxy firing:

CO2

CO2Clean and compression

FGD

from ASU

The burners are critical to the combustion, emissions and thermal performance of utility boilers

Page 43

BERR HFCCATS Oxycoal2 - Demonstration of Oxycoal combustion system for coal fired power plants

• Convert Doosan Babcock’s full-scale burner test facility tooxyfuel firing

• Oxygen supply• Flue gas recycle system (fans, ducts, cooler, heater, etc.) • Instrumentation

• Design and build full-scale utility Oxycoal burner• Derived from air-firing experience, CFD modelling and

Oxyfuel R+D

• Demonstrate a full-scale utility Oxycoal burner• Flame stability, combustion efficiency, emissions, flame

shape, and heat transfer characteristics as function of %CO2 recycle and excess oxygen

• Start-up, shut down, transition from air to oxyfuel, load change

Page 44

Oxycoal2 - Project delivers

• Key knowledge to potential users :

– the combustion performance of a full-scale (40MWt) oxyfuel coal burner– the operational envelope of the burner with respect to flame stability, turndown,

start-up, shutdown – the transition between air- and oxyfuel-firing – the safe operation of an oxyfuel combustion process

• Important feedback to R+D (internal and external): – materials, corrosion– slagging and fouling under oxyfuel conditions

• Feed-forward into commercial product design and optimisation for use in a full power plant demonstration (either retrofit, new build or both)

• Complements other R+D on Oxyfuel (UK and International)

• Accelerates the implementation of the technology in the UK

• Fits the strategies of Doosan Babcock and it’s partners for Oxyfuel for both New Build and Retrofit

Page 45

Oxycoal2

The substantial contributions of:

• the Prime Sponsor

• Sponsors

• University participants

are acknowledged by Doosan Babcock

Page 46


• The author acknowledges the slides provided by the following organisations which demonstrate both the breadth and depth of industrial R+D in Carbon Abatement Technologies in the UK

– Doosan Babcock– Edinburgh University– E.ON– Jacobs – RWE– ScottishPower

47

Scottish Centre for Carbon Storage

NINE FUNDERS, from along the CCS chain

BP, Shell, EoN, Scottish Power, Scottish and Southern,

BG, Schlumberger, Arup, Scottish Enterprise £ 480 k

University of Edinburgh

Heriot-Watt University

British Geological Survey

24 academic and research staff 15 PhD research 5/yrMSc

New Carbon Management MSc 2008 New CCS MSc 2009

MAJOR PROJECTS

PVT, EOR, Hydrates

Aquifer exploration,evaluation

Scotland Regional Transport and storage site

Natural analogues: UK, USA, Italy

China, India

CPD courses: Geology, Reservoir Engineering

Carbon Capture Centre: (2008)Chemical and Process

Engineering Biochar and pyrolysis

Project funding: £ 10M

www.geos.ed.ac.uk/sccs

48

UK aquifers• “CASSEM” £2.3 M • Aquifer methodology •Two UK settings• Integrated Exploration Combustion, Transport, Geology, Geophysics, Storage volumesReservoir engineering, Risk, Public acceptance

Page 49


• The author acknowledges slides provided by the following organisations which demonstrate both the breadth and depth of industrial R+D in Carbon Abatement Technologies in the UK


Page 50

E.ON’s CCS Activities - A Brief Overview

GOALCombine experience from our businesses in the UK, Europe and the USA to support fundamental and applied research; undertake pilot scale testing and develop projects suitable for large scale demonstration, given the right economic drivers. DELIVERYMajor funder of Energy Technologies Institute and University ResearchParticipate in UK and international collaborative R&D programmes (BERR, TSB, RFCS, FP5, 6 and 7 ...).Acceleration of technology development through strategic partnerships and project development.TECHNOLOGY CHOICEPursue parallel tracks to accelerate development of higher plant efficiency, post-combustion capture, IGCC and oxyfuel.

Oxyfuel

CASTOR Capture Pilot

Page 51

Selected Project Involvement

Higher EfficiencyDTI/BERR: Modelling Fireside Corrosion of Heat Exchanger Materials in Advanced Energy Systems, COST 536 Materials for Advanced PlantRFCS - COMTES 700 - Demonstration of advanced materials at very high steam conditions

OxyfuelRFCS ASSOCOGS - Conversion of 1MW Test Facility to Oxyfuel CapabilityDTI/BERR Oxycoal UK I and II

Post-Combustion CaptureInvolvement with Collaborative Pilot R&D activities, University of Texas,

ITC Canada, CASTOR, CESARBilateral Development of pilot plants (up to 5MW scale) with Alstom, SiemensEntry in UK Govt. Competition

IGCCProject Development of 400MWe IGCC plant with capture atKillingholmeE t i i l t i F t 275MW P j t

Accelerated Corrosion

Chilled Ammonia pilot - Karlshamn

Killingholme IGCC

Page 52

Kingsnorth Units 5 & 6 ─ Figures

Fuel: Hard - CoalOutput: 2 x 800 MWSteam Conditions: 280 – 300 bar

600°C Superheat

620°C ReheatEfficency: > 45 %Cooling: Direct Cooled Environmental Control:FGD & SCR

CO2 capture readyInvestment: £1 Billion Commissioning: 2012

Page 53

Kingsnorth Units 5 & 6

Page 54



– Doosan Babcock– Edinburgh University– E.ON– Jacobs– RWE– ScottishPower

55

HATFIELD IGCC (WITH COHATFIELD IGCC (WITH CO22 CAPTURE)CAPTURE)

• PRELIMINARY PROCESS DESIGN COMPLETED

• GRID CONNECTION SECURED

• GASIFICATION PACKAGE LICENCE TAKEN OUT WITH SHELL GLOBAL

• FRONT END ENGINEERING DESIGN AWARDED TO JACOBS

• CURRENTLY IN NEGOTIATIONS WITH CCU SUPPLIERS

• OPERATION ON NATURAL GAS PLANNED 2011

• FULL IGCC OPERATION BY 2013

56

Integrated Gasification Steam Cycle Integrated Gasification Steam Cycle –– 1200 MW 1200 MW Utility DesignUtility Design

Electricity

Clean Condensate

BFW

Electricity

CO2LP Steam Generator

QuenchGasifier

Coal

Oxygen

Water

24 CES Burners around Circumference

Slag

Fired Expander

Surplus Water

LPIP

HRSG

HP

Retrofit or New Steam

Turbine

Expander From V94.3A Gas

Turbine

57

200 200 MWMWthth CES BURNERCES BURNER

58

IGSC CYCLE ADVANTAGESIGSC CYCLE ADVANTAGES

• ALL COMMERCIALLY PROVEN EQUIMENT WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE FIRED EXPANDER

• SUITABLE FOR RETROFITING EXISTING SINGLE CYCLE POWER STATIONS

• ROBUST AND STABLE OPERATION

• NO MAINSTREAM SULPHUR REMOVAL (SO2 CAN BE REMOVED FROM PRODUCT CO2)

• EASY START-UP AND SHUT-DOWN USING NATURAL GAS

• SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTION OF SURPLUS WATER

• BURNER LICENSOR CES PLANNING TO BUILD DEMONSTRATION UNIT AT HATFIELD

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RWE Group’s CO2 reduction strategy for fossil-fired power generation

Horizon 1 Horizon 2 Horizon 3

Efficiency increases

CO2 capture & storage

Exploitation of existing efficiency potential

(Further) development of new supercritical power plant

Virtually zero-CO2 electricity generation

Horizon 1 (2013)Efficiency upgrade programmes

Steam turbine replacementRenewal of existing coal plant

Efficiency up to 47%Steam cycles up to 620ºC

Horizon 2 (2016)Efficiency target >50%Efficiency measures e.g. lignitedrying in WTA plantHigh temperature materials(700ºC)

Horizon 3 (2020)Low CO2 electricity productionBased on coal with carboncapture and storage

This strategy is consistent with the UK Government’s current position on reduction of carbon emissions

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Tilbury artist’s impression with CCS

To make space for CCSclose currently operating units, demolish, rebuildmove the coal stockthen build capture plant

PCC optiontower boilersuse aminestechnology advances to reduce sizetwo absorbers plus onedesorber per 800 MWe

Alternative optionsland area for oxyfuel similarlook at alternatives to tower boilers

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CTF amine plant at DidcotSpecification

Treat 33% of 0.5 MW CTF flue gasCarbon dioxide removal using MEA of 1 tonne per day (>85%)SO2 and NOX pre-treatmentMultiple solvent sampling locationsProvision for corrosion and alternate material test sites

Pilot research facility of University of Texas at Austin (RWE npower is an industrial sponsor)

RWE npower

Test programmeMEA reference tests with heat and material balances and parametric studiesAlternative solvents e.g. MDEA, hindered aminesValidation of baseline process economics and assessment of plant flexibility

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Parallel oxyfuel studies

Conversion of CTF to oxyfuelStorage tanks for O2 and CO2 with mixing and safety systemsProvides the capability to investigate hybrid systems with oxygen enhanced post-combustion captureFull flue gas recirculation in future

Oxyfuel programme objectivesRAMO - reliability, availability, maintainability and operability plus understanding of safety issuesEnvironmental issues - NOX/SO2 and CO2 purification requirementsAssess oxyfuel materials choicesMonitor burner developmentsKeep options open for CCS

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CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and

Monitoring (CASSEM)

• The project (£2.3M) aims to develop the techniques to evaluate the potential for saline aquifers to store CO2 and to also monitor and verify storage over the long term:

– Development of methodology to explore low cost aquifer storage for the UK, using sites where some data are already available

– Design of systems for monitoring the behaviour of CO2 stores over time.– Evaluation of two sites near to existing coal-fuelled plant, i.e.

Longannet/Cockenzie area and Ferrybridge.– A generic toolbox for assessing UK aquifer sites.

• Project is being lead by ScottishPower, in collaboration with the University of Edinburgh, Heriot-Watt University, SSE, British Geological Survey, Amec, Marathon Oil, Schlumberger and Tyndall Centre.

• Contributions being made by each of the industry partners are as follows:– ScottishPower - £170k– Scottish & Southern - £120k– Amec - £100k– Schlumberger - £170k– Marathon Oil - £100k

• Supported by TSB Low Carbon and EPSRC

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Enhanced Coal Bed Methane

• This Project (£350K) aims to determine the potential for unmineable coal seams deep under the Forth Basin to store CO2.

• To achieve this, a series of laboratory tests ( lab-scale absorption and diffusion) are being carried out by the University of Strathclyde and Imperial College London on coal samples taken from deep underground local to LongannetPower Station.

• Project being lead by Composite Energy and funded by ScottishPower, British Gas and Royal Bank of Scotland. These organisations are acting as project sponsors.

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• Doosan Babcock• Edinburgh University• E.ON• Jacobs • RWE• ScottishPower