Page 1 of 13 Cat Breeds & Types Kolts & Kitties Combined Cat Info I. Cat Categories • In 4-H, cats are divided into two categories: Household Pets Purebreds A. Household Pets • Most cats in America are housecats of unknown ancestry. • These cats are referred to as Household Pets (HHP). • HP cats are not judged according to a breed standard. Instead they are judged on: Physical condition Cleanliness Temperament Attractive or unusual appearance Presentation B. Purebreds • A purebred cat is a cat whose ancestors are all from the same recognized breed. II. Breed Registries • Cat registries are the organizations in charge of keeping records of the genealogies of purebred cats. • They also issue formal certificates attesting to a cat’s breed & documenting its lineage. These are known as pedigrees. • Cat registries hold cat shows, where registered cats are judged according to detailed breed standards. • Titles earned during these shows are recorded in the cat’s papers. • The beginning of modern cat breeding is attributed to a cat show held at the Crystal Palace in London in 1871. • An organization called The National Cat Club was formed for the purpose of this show. Essentially, it became the world’s first ever cat registry. • It wasn’t long before cat breeders branched out & set up new cat registries. These reflected different views of breed standards or other aspects of breeding & showing cats. • Today there are numerous cat registries in the US & around the world, but 4 large international registries dominate the arena. Most pedigreed cats will have their papers issued by one of these associations. A. Cat Fancier’s Association (CFA) • Founded in 1906, the CFA is considered to be the largest cat registry in the world. • Its headquarters are in the US & it is predominantly an American association. • The CFA is considered to be more conservative than other registries & currently recognizes 44 cat breeds. • http://www.cfa.org/ B. The International Cat Association (TICA) • Established in the USA in 1979, TICA’s founder wanted it to be a more progressive and flexible registry. • It seems to hold true to its mission statement, with recognizing over 55 cat breeds & introducing a formal genetic registry. • www.tica.org/ C. Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe) • FIFeis a governing body that brings together 42 cat registries in 40 different countries. • The organization offers a unified registry with established breed standards. • Founded in France in 1949, its current board members reside in various countries in Europe. • http://fifeweb.org/
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Cat Breeds & Types - koltsnkitties.org · Page 3 of 13 B. Semi-Cobby Body Type • A little longer & not quite as broadchested as cobby bodies. • Examples: Chartreux& British Shorthair
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Cat Breeds & Types Kolts & Kitties Combined Cat Info
I. Cat Categories
• In 4H, cats are divided into two categories: Household Pets Purebreds
A. Household Pets
• Most cats in America are housecats of unknown ancestry. • These cats are referred to as Household Pets (HHP). • HP cats are not judged according to a breed standard. Instead they are judged on:
Physical condition Cleanliness Temperament
Attractive or unusual appearance Presentation
B. Purebreds
• A purebred cat is a cat whose ancestors are all from the same recognized breed.
II. Breed Registries
• Cat registries are the organizations in charge of keeping records of the genealogies of purebred cats. • They also issue formal certificates attesting to a cat’s breed & documenting its lineage. These are known as
pedigrees. • Cat registries hold cat shows, where registered cats are judged according to detailed breed standards. • Titles earned during these shows are recorded in the cat’s papers. • The beginning of modern cat breeding is attributed to a cat show held at the Crystal Palace in London in 1871. • An organization called The National Cat Club was formed for the purpose of this show. Essentially, it became the
world’s first ever cat registry. • It wasn’t long before cat breeders branched out & set up new cat registries. These reflected different views of breed
standards or other aspects of breeding & showing cats. • Today there are numerous cat registries in the US & around the world, but 4 large international registries dominate
the arena. Most pedigreed cats will have their papers issued by one of these associations.
A. Cat Fancier’s Association (CFA)
• Founded in 1906, the CFA is considered to be the largest cat registry in the world. • Its headquarters are in the US & it is predominantly an American association. • The CFA is considered to be more conservative than other registries & currently recognizes 44 cat breeds. • http://www.cfa.org/
B. The International Cat Association (TICA)
• Established in the USA in 1979, TICA’s founder wanted it to be a more progressive and flexible registry. • It seems to hold true to its mission statement, with recognizing over 55 cat breeds & introducing a formal genetic
registry. • www.tica.org/
C. Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe)
• FIFeis a governing body that brings together 42 cat registries in 40 different countries. • The organization offers a unified registry with established breed standards. • Founded in France in 1949, its current board members reside in various countries in Europe. • http://fifeweb.org/
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D. American Cat Fanciers Association (ACFA)
• Not to be confused with the CFA, the ACFA was established in 1955 & currently recognizes 53 cat breeds. • It emphasizes the friendly & welcoming nature of its organization & the social aspects of cat breeding. • http://www.acfacat.com/
III. Cat Breed Types
• Purebred cat breeds are divided into 3 types: Natural, Manmade (Hybrid), Spontaneous Mutation
A. Natural Cat Breeds
• Created by nature then refined & stabilized by selective breeding. • Examples of natural breeds:
Abyssinian British Shorthair Maine Coon Russian Blue Turkish Angora
American Bobtail Egyptian Mau Manx Siamese Turkish Van
American Shorthair Japanese Bobtail Norwegian Forest Cat Siberian Cymric
Birman Korat Persian Singapura
B. Man-Made (Hybrid) Cat Breeds
• Created by crossing 2 or more breeds to create a third breed. • Some are created by crossing a domestic cat with a wild cat. These are called “Exotics”. • Examples of Man-Made breeds:
Bombay = Burmese + American Shorthair Havana Brown = Black shorthair + Seal point Siamese Tonkinese = Siamese + Burmese California Spangled = Many breeds. Trying for spots Foldex = Scottish Fold + Exotic Shorthair Longhair Exotic = American Shorthair + Persian Savannah Cat = Serval cat + Domestic cat Toyger = Bengal + Domestic Shorthair
Exotic = Persian + American Shorthair +Burmese Javanese = Balinese + Colorpoint Shorthair Bengal = Asian Leopard Cat + Domestic Cat Chausie = Jungle cat + Domestic cat Himalayan = Persian + Siamese Pixiebob = Bobcat + Domestic cat Snowshoe = Siamese + America Shorthair Ragdoll = Bred from one friendly cat
C. Mutation Cat Breeds
• Created by a spontaneous change in a gene resulting in an unusual feature. • Breeders then work to develop the feature & create a new breed. • Some mutations happened so long ago that they are now considered Natural Breeds. • Examples of mutation breeds:
American Curl Devon Rex LaPerm
American Wirehair Donskoy Munchkin
Balinese Scottish Fold (Shorthair) Selkirk Rex (Shorthair)
Cornish Rex Don Sphynx Sphynx
IV. Body Types
• All cats are divided into 3 basic body types: Cobby, Moderate, Foreign • There is some overlap between types.
• Bodies are beginning to stretch out, but not too extreme.
• Examples: Abyssinian, Japanese Bobtail, Russian Blue
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B. Semi-Cobby Body Type
• A little longer & not quite as broadchested as cobby bodies.
• Examples: Chartreux& British Shorthair
C. Moderate Body Type
• Body is: Well balanced, Medium length, Well muscled, Not extreme
• Most breeds are of this type
E. Foreign Body Type
• Sometimes called Oriental or Exotic. • Bodies are extremely long & tubular. • Examples: Siamese & Cornish Rex
V. Cat Colors
• Coat, color & pattern are not breeds, they are decorations. • The original coat was a shorthaired, brown classic tabby. • All other coats, colors & patterns were mutations.
• Cat is entirely one color. • Red & it’s variants will show faint tabby markings.
B. Tabby
• The original coat pattern. • Each hair is banded with light & dark stripes called agouti bands. • Have an “M” on the forehead & stripes on the cheeks. • Patterns: Classic Tabby
Markings are swirled creating a bullseye or marble cake appearance on the sides. Have solid lines on the spine. Have a butterfly mark on the shoulders.
• Patterns: Mackerel Tabby
Have stripes like a tiger (or a mackerel)
• Patterns: Spotted Tabby
Stripes are broken & appear as spots. Often looks like a mackerel tabby with dotted lines.
• Patterns: Ticked Tabby
Has no noticeable spots or stripes, just the agouti hairs.
C. Tipped
• Each guard hair is white with color only on the tip. • Variations include:
Cameo: Red tipping Chinchilla (Shell): Color only on the very tips of the hairs. Shaded: Color on the last ¼ of the hairs. Smoke: Color on the last ½ of the hairs.
D. Parti-Color Patterns
• Cats with both red and black. • Usually female. • Variants are:
Tortoise shell: Patches of solid red & solid black. Patched tabby: Patches of 2 or more
colors with tabby markings. Calico: A tortoise shell where the color patches are on a white background.
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Torbie: A patched tabby where the color patches are on a white background.
E. Patterns: BiColor
• Any cat that has white markings. • Some common variants are:
Harlequin: A cat that is white with a large spots of color. Tuxedo Cat: A black cat with white paws & chest. Van: A white cat with patches of color on the head & tail (may have a few body spots)
F. Pointed
• Body is a dilute color. • Points are a darker color. • The “points” are:
Facial mask Ears Legs Feet Tail
VII. Coat Texture
• A cat’s coat has 3 types of hairs:
Long guard hairs. Bristly awn hairs. Soft down hairs (undercoat)
• Different breeds may have more or less (or none) of each of these hairs.
VIII. Coat Length
• Short is the natural coat length. • Breeds have many terms for coat length. • 4-H only divides as short or long hair.
Cat Breeds
Unit2 – Chapter 2 continued
Body: Semi-Foreign
Coat: Short
C/P: Ticked Tabby in ruddy, red, blue or fawn
Type: Natural
Body: Moderately Long
Coat: Short or Long
C/p: Any
Tail: Long enough to show above back, not long enough to touch hock
Type: Natural
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Body: Semi-Foreign
Coat: Short or long
C/p: All
Ears: Minimum 90º arc or curl
Origin: Mutation
Body: Solidly built
C/p: Any except pointed
Origin: Natural
Body: Moderate
Coat: Short hair that is crimped, hooked or bent
C/p: Any except pointed
Origin: Mutation
Body: Moderate
Coat: Short
C/p: Spotted or marble tabby in brown, blue, peach, lilac, caramel, gold, or chocolate