Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties. • Carbon forms _______________ bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. • Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures. – _______________ chain – _______________ chain – _______________
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Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties. Carbon forms _______________ bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. Carbon-based.
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Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties.
• Carbon forms _______________ bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms.
• Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures.
• Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together.
– _______________ are the individual subunits.– _______________ are made of many monomers.
Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things.
• _______________________ are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things.
• Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
– Carbohydrates include sugars and starches.
– Monosaccharides are _______________ sugars.
– Polysaccharides include starches, cellulose, and glycogen. ________ __________
• Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide _______________ _______________ .
• Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure.
Polymer (_______________ )
Starch is a polymer of glucose monomers that often has a branched structure.•Found in plants
Polymer (_______________ )
Cellulose is a polymer of glucose monomers that has a straight, rigid structure•Found in plant cell walls
monomer
– Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids.– Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol.
• Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include _______________ , _______________ , and _______________ .
Triglyceride
Lipids have several different functions:– broken down as a source of _______________ energy – make up cell _______________– used to make _______________
• Fats and oils have different types of fatty acids.