CALL and SLA

CALL(Computer Assisted Language Learning)

PBET 2113 Group 7a (TESL) Semester 2 AY 2009-2010

Language & Literacy Education

Faculty of Education University of Malaya KL

Group 7a

Amy Yu Shi ChiaMarina Melissa

NgTan Kai ChurTan Shin YenTian Zhong Weng

PBET 2113 Group 7a (TESL) Semester 2 AY 2009-2010, Department of Language & Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya KL

Topics1. What is CALL? 2. History3. Types of CALL programs4. Types of CALL activities5. Reasons for using CALL (Principles)6. What computers can and can’t do7. Roles of teachers in CALL8. Roles of students in CALL9. Barriers of using CALL10.Conclusion


What is CALL?• used widely to refer to the area of technology and second language teaching and learning

• the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning

• any process in which a learner uses a computer and, as a result, improves his or her language


History• 1960’s• 3 phases – Behaviouristic CALL

(1960’s) - Communicative CALL

(1970’s) - Integrative CALL

(1990’s-present)


Behavioristic CALL• 1960’s-1970’s• View of language: Structural• English Teaching Paradigm:

Grammar- Translation & Audio-Lingual

• Principle use of computer: Drill and Practice• Principal Objective: Accuracy


Behavioristic CALLCharacteristics: • Repeated exposure to the same material• A computer is ideal for carrying out repeated

drills, since the machine (i) does not get bored with presenting the same material and (ii) it can provide immediate non-judgmental feedback.

• A computer is used as a tutor


Communicative CALL• 1970’s-1980’s• View of language: Cognitive• English teaching paradigm:

Communicative language teaching• Principle use of computers:

Communicative exercises• Principal objective: Fluency


Communicative CALLCharacteristics:• Grammar is taught implicitly• Computers are used to stimulate discussion,

writing or critical thinking. • Programs avoid telling students they are

wrong.• Flexible to a variety of student responses. • Computers are used as a tool (e.g., word

processors, spelling and grammar checkers) and the target language is used exclusively.


Integrative CALL• 1980’s-present• View of language: Sociocognitive• English teaching paradigm: Content-based• Principle use of computers: Authentic

discourse• Principal objective: Agency• types: Multimedia CALL (CD-ROMs) Web-based CALL (CMC &

Internet)


Interactive CALL -Multimedia CALL

Characteristics:• Create a more authentic learning

environment using different media. • Language skills are easily integrated

through multimedia.• Students have a high degree of control

over their learning through hypermedia. • Facilitates a principle focus on the

content.


Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)

provides authentic synchronous and asynchronous communication

channels. can be carried out in several forms; it can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-one.

Interactive CALL -Web-based CALL


The Web• Students can search through millions

of files around the world within minutes

• Students can use the Web to publish their texts or multimedia materials to share with partner classes or with the general public.

Interactive CALL-Web-based CALL


TYPES OF CALL PROGRAMS

CALL-specific software-applications that designed to develop and facilitate the language learning such as CD-ROMs, web-based interactive language learning exercises/ quizzes.


Generic software-Applications that designed for general purposes like Words, Powerpoint, Excel that can be used to support the language learning and teaching.



Web-based learning programs- online dictionaries, online

encyclopedias, online concordancers, news/magazine sites, e-texts, web-quests, web publishing, blog, wiki, etc.



Computer-mediated communication (CMC) programs- synchronous - online chat; asynchronous - email, discussion forum, message board



TYPES OF CALL ACTIVITIES

• Multiple choices• Online communication• Crossword puzzles• Writing & word processing• Web publishing• Gap filling• Web quests/ searching


1) Experiential learning2) Motivation3) Enhance student’s

achievement4) Authenticity5) Greater interaction

Reasons For Using CALL


6) Individualization7) Independence from a single

source of information8) Global understanding9) Adapting learning to the students10) Critical thinking skills

Reasons For Using CALL


What Computers Can & Can’t

“Do” ?


Computers CAN Computers CAN’TJudge predetermined right or wrong answers.Eg. Multiple choice & fill-in-the-blanks.

Judge unexpected input.

Provide immediate, yet fixed, feedback, suggestions & encouragement.

Provide individualized feedback beyond a predetermined list of messages.

Provide authentic information through multimedia – texts, images, sounds, videos & animations.

Engage learner in rich negotiation of meaning characteristic of face-to-face interaction.

Motivate task persistence.

* Record learner’s writing, speech & learning progress.

Motivate depth and quality of engagement characteristic of human interaction.


Differences of teachers’ roles

Ordinary classroom

CALL classroom

-directly involve in students’ construction of language (as teacher)

-guide students in students’ construction of language (as tutor)

-without any aids of technology

-with aid of technology


Roles of teacher•Familiarize with the resources•Encourage students to participate•Reassure and motivate students•Review and reinforce what was learned


Differences of students’ roles

Ordinary classroom

CALL classroom

involve passively absorbing information

involve actively in negotiating meaning and assimilating new ideas


Roles of students• negotiate meaning and assimilate new information• interpret new information and experiences on their own term.• Participate actively in classroom


Barriers of using CALL*Financial *Availability of computer hardware and software

*Technical and theoretical knowledge

* Acceptance of technologies


* Lack of human-like interaction during study

* Wrong perception of teachers and administrators

*Teachers lack of training on creating CALL

* Lack of unified theoretical framework for designing and evaluating CALL systems

Barriers of using CALL


TRY THIS!!!


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ConclusionUse of computer technology in classrooms is generallyreported to:

• More student-centered learning and engagement in the learning process

• More active processing resulting in higher-order thinking skills and better recall

• Gain confidence in directing their own learning• Make learning more interesting• Creates motivation for the students• Computers can give a new role to teaching materials• Students learn faster and better with computer-mediated

communication

This is true for both language and non-language classrooms.


Sources:•

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-assisted_language_learning

• http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit1.htm• http://quizstar.4teachers.org/freetrial.jsp

Created for: PBET 2113 Participants (TESL) Semester 2, AY 2009-2010 Department of Language & Literacy Faculty of Education University of Malaya KL

Created by: Amy Yu Shi Chia, Marina Melissa Ng, Tan Kai Chur, Tan Shin Yen, Tian Zhong Weng Facilitator: Jessie Grace U. Rubrico, PhDPBET 2113 Group 7a (TESL) Sem 2 AY 2009-2010, Department of Language & Literacy Education, Faculty

of Education, Universiti Malaya KL

http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FComputer-assisted_language_learning&h=dde04cf4e54b5af82a79d3ec66b7caae

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http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit1.htm

http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit1.htm

http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fquizstar.4teachers.org%2Ffreetrial.jsp&h=dde04cf4e54b5af82a79d3ec66b7caae

http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fquizstar.4teachers.org%2Ffreetrial.jsp&h=dde04cf4e54b5af82a79d3ec66b7caae


CALL and SLA

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