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fasi 2 lari
bernar kuSneri: esaubre mas gv. 5
`pirveli kavkasiuris~ axali gegmebi gv. 6
ukraina: megobroba pirveli pirebis gareSe gv. 22
saakaSvili _ lukaSenkos pasuxi kremls gv. 24
demokratiuli gadasaxadebi Tu iZulebis meqanizmi? gv. 30
miliard aSS dolars iTxovs ruseTis xelisuflebisagan biz-nesmeni anatoli semeni, kompaniis aqciebis warTmevis sanacvlod.23 -ma deputatma moismina parlamentSi sa-
xalxo damcvelis angariSi.18
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bernar kuSneris viziti saqarTveloSi
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Tamar babuaZe
`ruseTTan dialogis rogor for-mats airCevT, es Tqveni gadasawyve-tia, Tumca, Cemi azri aseTia _ ru-seTs pirdapir unda esaubroT. is aris Tqveni mezobeli da Cveni par-tniori~, _ ganacxada 15 ivliss sa-frangeTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma bernar kuSnerma TbilisSi, evropis saxlSi JurnalistebTan, opoziciis warmomadgenlebTan da arasamTavro-bo organizaciebTan Sexvedrisas.
es erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelo-vani gzavnili iyo, rac safrangeTis sagareo uwyebis pirvelma pirma sa-qarTveloSi Camoitana. ruseTTan pirdapiri dialogis aucilebloba-ze saubrisas kuSnerma ukrainisa da poloneTis magaliTebic gaixsena. aRniSna, rom ruseTis mimarT gaxs-niloba ukve ukrainasac etyoba, po-loneTsa da ruseTs Sorisac sul bolo kvirebis ganmavlobaSi bevri ram Seicvala, rac maT Soris arse-buli udidesi siZulvilisa da kati-nis tragediis fonze gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemia:
`es politikuri alqimiaa, arafe-ri ar mTavrdeba, magram yvelaferi icvleba. vfiqrob, rom ruseTic ga-nicdis cvlilebas, is iZulebulia, Seicvalos, radgan ar SeiZleba mu-dam Tavisi gaziT icxovros~, _ dasZi-na kuSnerma.
saqarTvelos dialogi ruseTTan _ kiTxvebic evropis saxlSi gamarTul Sexvedraze yvelaze metad am Temaze Warbobda. kuSneris pasuxebi Sexve-dris TiTqmis yvela konteqstSi cal-saxa da pirdapiri iyo. misi TqmiT, dialogis warmarTva rTulia, magram swored es imuSavebs. `bevr iluzias ruseTis gamo ver SeviqmniT, radgan viciT, ra mdgomareobaa CeCneTSi da
esaubre mas
ra mdgomareobaa ruseTSi adamianis uflebebis TvalsazrisiT. isic gasa-gebia, rom saubris dawyeba 2008 wlis movlenebis Semdeg TqvenTvisac rTu-lia, magram Cven dagexmarebiT. TviT amerikelebi, germanelebi _ yvelani aviTareben urTierTobebs ruseTTan, es urTierTobebi ufro Ria xdeba da es iqneba gasaRebi TqvenTvisac~, _ aRniSna safrangeTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma.
2008 wlis agvistos Semdeg sa-qarTveloSi pirvelad Camosulma bernar kuSnerma vrclad isaubra cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb gafor-mebul xelSekrulebazec. `ar ifi-qroT, rom dagvaviwydiT, Cven ar SeiZleba dagvaviwydes saqarTvelo. bednierebi varT, rom Tqven gver-diT varT da ar gadavdebT gverdze im dokuments, romelsac 2008 wlis agvistoSi movawereT xeli, vidre misi punqtebi ar Sesruldeba~, _ ganacxada kuSnerma, magram darbaz-Si gaCenili ramdenime kiTxvis miu-xedavad, ramdenjerme aarida Tavi sityva `okupaciis~ saubarSi ga-moyenebas. `waramara vlaparakobT, magaliTad, imaze, rom palestinam moaxdina teritoriis okupireba, magram ra icvleba amiT? is mainc okupirebulia. sakiTxebi sityvebiT ar regulirdeba. saWiroa zusti qmedeba moiZebnos imisTvis, rom rusebis samxedro nawilebi sawyis pozicias daubrundnen. Cven mudmi-vad vaxsenebT ruseTs amis aucile-blobis Sesaxeb~.
kuSneris TqmiT, safrangeTi dRe-sac yvela diplomatiuri xerxiT cdilobs, ruseTs xelSekrulebis pi-robebi Seasrulebinos, magram, misi TqmiT, es rTuli gzaa da problemis
mogvareba bevr welsa da moTminebas moiTxovs. `vici, rom Tqven mouT-menlebi xarT da marTalic brZande-biT, magram ori weli Zalian cotaa. gaxsovdeT, rom inglisTan omi 650 wels gvqonda da, bunebrivia, Tqveni konfliqtis mogvarebasac meti dro dasWirdeba~.
Sexvedris erT-erTi mTavari Tema saqarTvelos evrointegracia da evrokavSiris gafarToebac iyo. `evrokavSiri Tqveni ojaxia da Za-lian kargia, rom evropisken mtkiced miiswrafviT. saqarTveloSi bevri ram gakeTda, asociaciuri partnio-robac evrokavSirTan Zalian dadebi-Ti nabijia, magram Tqven kidev bevri ram gaqvT gasakeTebeli~, _ aRniSna ministrma da am konteqstSi demokra-tiis xarisxis gazrdaze, marTlmsa-julebasa da adamianis uflebebis dacvaze gaamaxvila yuradReba. `ada-mianis uflebebis dacva Cveni saer-To Rirebulebaa, romelic yvelgan daculi da pativcemuli unda iyos~.
kuSneris TqmiT, demokratiis gan-viTareba qarTvelebis saqmea, `qar-Tvelebs Tavs ver mogaxvevT de-mokratias. opoziciis uflebebi, presis Tavisufleba _ daculi unda iyos. es saqme Tqven unda gaakeToT~, _ ganacxada bernar kuSnerma.
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`es arxi ar unda iqces propagan-dis iaraRad. Cvenma telekompaniam, sadac mxolod profesionali Jur-nalistebi imuSaveben, unda Seqmnas Jurnalistikis maRali standarte-bi. igi gaakritikebs, rogorc am qveynis xelisuflebas, aseve sxva qveynebis mTavrobebs am regionSi~, _ ganacxada britanelma Jurna-listma da media-trenerma robert parsonsma, romelic Sps `qei erTis~ TanadamfuZnebeli gaxda da mar-Tvis uflebiT Caibara sazogado-ebrivi mauwyeblis axlad Seqmnili mesame arxi.
`teqsturi Setyobineba sasamar-Tloze nivTmtkicebad warvadgi-neT, Tumca sasamarTlom saerTod ar gaiTvaliswina. sabolood, maTi mTavari argumenti is iyo, rom Ti-Tqos maT kontraqtis gaformebamde dagvirekes da agvixsnes, rom Cven-Tan TanamSromloba aRar surdaT, radgan es adgili ukve `gazprom media jgufs~ Tavisi telekompania NTV Plus-isTvis hqonda nayidi~, _ acxadebs gia Wanturia.
saerTaSoriso mediisTvis gake-Tebul gancxadebebSi `eutelsa-ti~ amtkicebs, rom `gazprom media
jgufisgan~ finansurad ufro xel-sayreli winadadeba miiRo, `pirvel kavkasiurTan~ dadebuli kontra-qti ki ZalaSi ar Sesula, amitom qarTvelebs maT Tanamgzavris Se-cvla da sxva sixSireze gadasvla SesTavazes. Tumca, SemoTavazebul satelit `W2~-s SezRuduli dafar-vis zona aqvs, `W7~-is signali ki mTel kavkasiaSi, ruseTis evropul nawilsa da postsabWoTa sivrcis sxva regionebSic vrceldeba.
`pirveli kavkasiuris~ mimarT ruseTis mTavrobis uaryofiTi ganwyoba arxis eTerSi gasvlisTa-nave gaCnda. misi sakiTxi deputate-bma ruseTis dumaSic ki ganixiles. Tavad rusi eqspertebic aRniSnavd-nen, rom kremls `pirveli kavkasiu-ris~ mxridan yvelaze metad swored am regionis mimarT gansakuTrebu-li interesi aRizianebda. saqar-TveloSi ki arxs ZiriTadad imitom akritikebdnen, rom is, SesaZloa, xelisuflebis antirusuli rito-rikis gamavrcelebel saSualebad qceuliyo.
is, rom amjerad arxs gamocdili mediaprofesionali, robert par-sonsi uxelmZRvanelebs, aCens va-rauds, rom `pirveli kavkasiuri~ maRali Jurnalisturi standarte-bis damkvidrebas Seecdeba.
parsonsi didi xnis ganmavlobaSi swavlobda qarTuli nacionaliz-mis sakiTxebs, sxvadasxva dros iyo `bibisis~ moskovis biuros kores-pondenti, radio `Tavisuflebis~ qarTuli samsaxuris xelmZRvaneli, safrangeTSi ki telekompania France 24 TV-s saerTaSoriso ambebis pro-diuseri.
is `pirveli kavkasiuris~ propa-gandis saSualebad gamoyenebas ga-moricxavs da kavkasiis masStabiT ambiciuri proeqtis ganxorciele-bas apirebs.
marjan satrapi iraneli frangia, niWieri mwerali da ilustratori. komiqsis stilSi Sesrulebulma wignebis seriam `persepolisi~ mas saerTaSoriso aRiareba mou-tana. wignebis animaciuri versia ki superhiti gaxda. es avtobiografiuli nawarmoebi sul sxvagvarad dagana-xebT iraneli gogonas cxovrebas, romelmac daxSuli wris garRveva moaxerxa, ar damorCilda aravis da ara-fers da dRes warmatebuli adamiania, frangul kul-turasTan asimilirda, Tumca, amiT Tavisi iraneloba sulac ar daukargavs.
satrapis biografia saukeTeso ilustraciaa imisa, Tu ratom mimaCnia safrangeTSi burqis, saxis/sxeu-lis nawilobriv/mTlianad damfaravi samosis sajaro adgilebSi tarebis sawinaaRmdegod miRebuli kanoni pozitiur movlenad. mowinaaRmdegeebi aTasgvar sar-Culs uZebnian prezident sarkozis iniciativas, _ ariqa, yuradReba naklebad mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze gadaaqvs, sazogadoebas xleCso da a.S. yvelaze metad ki imas ukiJineben, _ es uflebebis SezRudvaa, ro-gor SeiZleba, nebismier adamians raime samosis ta-reba aukrZaloo. erTi SexedviT, myari argumentia _ Tavisufleba. Tumca, modiT, ase SevxedoT _ rode-sac mcire asakidan qalebs gauTaveblad uCiCineben, rom saxis an sxeulis sajarod gamoCena sircxvilia da amisTvis isini aucileblad daisjebian, romel Tavisuflebaze vlaparakobT? sad aris aq arCevani? vinme iTvaliswinebs maT nebas, arCevans utoveben, Tu modiT, pirdapir vTqvaT _ socialuri konstruqtis marwuxebSi aqceven? miT umetes, imgvar sekularul qveyanaSi, rogoric safrangeTia, warmodgenac ki Zne-lia, CadriT Semosili axalgazrda qali ras SeiZleba grZnobdes. TavisTavad cxadia, rom nebayoflobiT na-bijad gasaRebuli iZuleba maT izolaciasa da margi-nalizacias kidev ufro amZafrebs.
rodesac internetSi iraneli sakine mohamadi aStianis qvebiT Caqolvisgan gadarCenis kampanias vadevneb Tvals, guls malamod edeba safrangeTis mTavrobis es gada-wyvetileba. vin icis, sakines rom marjaniviT moexerxe-bina daxSuli wris garRveva, dRes mis da aTasobiT sxva ubeduri qalis bedze ase ar vidardebdiT. me mixaria, rom marjan satrapi gadarCa (am sityvis yvela gagebiT) da man es swored evropaSi moaxerxa. kidev ufro gami-xardeba, Tu safrangeTi mainc iqneba is gamonaklisi qveyana, sadac muslim qalebs, burqis sajarod tarebis garda, arafers aukrZalaven.
aris Tu ara qalebisTvis burqis tarebis akrZalva maTi uflebebis darRveva?
Tu qals aiZuleben amgvari samosiT siaruls, es misi diskriminaciaa, magram Tuki igi sakuTari nebiT icvams ase? am SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifo Tavad gvevlineba qalTa uflebebis damrRvevad.
safrangeTSi mcxovrebi muslimi faranjiani qali ambo-bs: „Cveni Tavisufleba isaa, rom CavicvaT, rogorc Cven gvsurs. sxvagvarad ver vxedav gansxvavebas muslimi eqs-tremistebisgan. isini gvaiZuleben, vataroT faranja, sa-frangeTSi ki gvaiZuleben, gavixadoT igi. momeciT Tavisu-fali arCevanis ufleba. me pativs vcem sakuTar sxeuls da ar msiamovnebs, roca mimiTiTeben, rogor Cavicva (radio France International (RFI) 19 maisi, 2010).
saxelmwifos mxridan muslimi qalebis TavisuflebaSi amgvari Careva or liberalur princips arRvevs: indivi-dualur TavisuflebebSi Caurevlobisa da saxelmwifos neitralurobis princips nebismieri religiisadmi.
swored am 270 dolaris Semcire-bis sakiTxs ganixilavs `gazpromi~ im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqarTvelos magistraluri gazsadeni mis ku-TvnilebaSi gadainacvlebs. magram
ramdenad mniSvnelovania es resur-si da misi fasi saqarTvelosTvis? qarTuli mxare yvela SesaZlo si-tuaciaSi gansakuTrebiT usvams xazs, rom rusul gazs qveyana ar yidulobs da airiT uzrunvelyofa azerbaijanidan xdeba. Tavad `gaz-promis~ gaTvlebiTac, 2010 wels saqarTvelom SeiZleba maqsimum 400 milioni kuburi metri moixmaros, roca qveynis mTliani moxmareba 2 miliard kubur metrs aWarbebs. anu rusuli gazis wili qarTul moxma-rebaSi rusuli mxarisTvis yvela-ze optimistur scenarSic ki erT mexuTedze bevrad naklebi iqneba. Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos ekonomi-kuri interesi gazsadenis rusebze miyidvasa da rusuli gazis fasis daklebaSi naklebad TvalsaCinoa.
somxeTis nacionaluri krebis de-putati, respublikuri fraqciis we-vri gagik minasiani ambobs, rom somxeTisTvis, romlis mimarT misi mezoblebi _ TurqeTi da azerbaija-ni _ ukve oci welia ekonomikur blokadas axorcieleben, mniSvnelo-vania, rom gazsadenTan dakavSire-bulma am garigebam azerbaijanul da Turqul kompaniebs, romlebic mis SeZenas moindomeben, `absurduli na-bijebis~ gadadgmis saSualeba ar mis-ces. minasianma aRniSna, rom saqar-Tvelo seriozulad unda dafiqrdes magistraluri gazsadenis myidvel-Tan dakavSirebiT da pirvel rigSi _ ekonomikuri, da ara politikuri ga-dawyvetileba miiRos.
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kremlis amJamindel administra-cias saqarTvelos mTavroba ar moswons da amas arc malavs. isini yvelafers akeTeben, rom saqarTve-los saqmeebi gaurTulon mis teri-toriaze SemoWramdec da SemoWris CaTvliTac. simarTle rom iTqvas, saqarTvelos bevri arafris gakeTe-ba SeuZlia. ruseTs ki Zalian bevri berketi aqvs. saqarTvelos berketi TiTqmis ar gaaCnia, erTaderTis gar-da _ msoflio savaWro organizacia-Si ruseTis wevrobas veto daados.
msoflio savaWro organi-zaciis winapari organizacia GATT iyo, romelic meore mso-flio omis Semdeg dadebuli xelSekrulebiT dafuZnda. WTO (msoflio savaWro or-ganizacia) 1995 wels Seiqmna, im ideis institucionalizaciis mi-zniT, rom msoflio ukeTesi gaxdeba importze dawesebuli baJisa da mTa-vrobis mier garkveuli ekonomikuri subsidiebis gareSe. bevri mTavroba da adamiani amas ar eTanxmeba, magram ekonomistebi eTanxmebian da maT sa-amisod sakmao argumentebi aqvT. WTO globalizaciisa da Tavisufali mso-flio bazris erT-erTi biurokratiu-li gamoxatulebaa.
bolo xanebSi medvedevma gadaxeda ruseTisa da misi ekonomikis trae-qtorias da gaacnobiera, rom is arc ise saxarbieloa. korumpirebuli sa-samarTlos gamo, dabalia ucxouri investiciebi, dabalia kontraqtebis mdgradobis xarisxi, gamefebulia
ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobebSi Caketili wris garRveva im
saqarTvelo flobs. es berketi msoflio savaWro organizaciaa.
mark maleni
saqarTvelos berketi ruseTTan
Tvalsazrisi
korufcia, dabalia industriuli warmoebis done, dabalia Sobadoba. mokled, TiTqmis yvelafris done dabalia. erTaderTi, rac maT aqvT, aris navTobi da gazi. ra Tqma unda, yovelTvis kargia, rodesac miwidan naRd fuls iReb, magram Semdeg mTeli es fuli swrafad uCinardeba da misi miwidan amoRebis maCvenebelic Tanda-TanobiT mcirdeba.
iqidan gamomdinare, rom dueti Za-lauflebis SenarCunebas apirebs, ar
undaT, rom xelisuflebaSi maTi yo-fna xangrZliv da samwuxaro regre-sis periods daemTxves. amitom, maT sWirdebaT, rame gaakeTon. obama-med-vedevis gegmebi jer naTeli ar aris, magram is gulisxmobs modernizacias, risi erT-erTi nawilia msoflio sava-Wro organizaciaSi gawevrianeba da im sargebelis miReba, rac amas mohyveba. ruseTi yvelaze didi ekonomikaa mso-flioSi, romelic msoflio savaWro organizaciis wevri ar aris, magram problema is aris, rom axali wevris miRebaze yvela sxva wevri unda Tanxm-debodes. saqarTvelo ki 2000 wlidan am organizaciis wevria da ruseTis gawevrianebis winaaRmdegia.
ra Tqma unda, ruseTs sZuls Ta-
visufali vaWroba. isini ver wvde-bian mis logikas da xSirad arRveven Tavisufali bazris principebs. ma-galiTebi uamravia. erT-erTi aseTi magaliTi ki 2006 wels ruseTis mier qarTul Rvinoze embargos dawese-ba iyo, RvinoSi janmrTelobisTvis saSiSi danamatebis arsebobis saba-biT. aman naTlad daanaxa msoflios is zizRi, rac ruseTs Tavisufa-li vaWrobis mimarT aqvs, kerZod _ SeuZliaT Tavisufali vaWrobis wi-
naaRmdeg sasacilo da ara-realuri usafrTxoebis sa-babi gamoiyenon.
iqve asfaltze carciT daawe-res im Jurnalistebisa da ufle-badamcvelTa saxelebi, romlebic bolo wlebSi ruseTSi mokles: ma-gomed evloevi, markSarip auSevi, farid babaevi, ana politkovskaia.
yvela am adamians erTi ram aka-vSirebdaT _ TiToeuli maTgani cxovrobda an muSaobda Crdi-lo kavkasiaSi _ regionSi, sadac kremlis TqmiT, dRes stabiluri mSvidoba sufevs, realurad ki, sikvdilisa da usamarTlobis aCr-dili yvela quCaze daZrwis.
im adamianTa xma, romlebic ru-seTSi ganukiTxaobis winaaRmdeg
Si, SeiZleba saqarTvelos mTavrobam ubralod Tqvas `ara~, da es iqneba ubralod ̀ ara~. saqarTvelos mTavro-bam icis, rom es erTaderTi namdvili berketia, rasac is flobs, da mas ise ar dakargavs, rom ruseTisgan serio-zuli daTmobebi ar miiRos _ daTmo-bebi, romlebzec ruseTi arasdros wava. raRac momentSi zewola SeiZleba imdenad didi iyos, rom saqarTvelo danebdes, TiTqos garkveuli daTmo-bebis sanacvlod.
ukeTesi iqneba, Tu saerTaSoriso CareviT, saqarTvelo daiwyebs ruseT-Tan seriozul, magram uxmauro mola-parakebebs samxreT oseTTan da afxa-zeTTan dakavSirebiT. saqarTvelos rac unda, imas ver miiRebs, magram Tu saubrebi sakmarisad seriozuli iqne-ba da saerTaSoriso CarTulobac ga-rantirebuli, saqarTvelom SeiZleba miiRos iseTi daTmobebi, rac mas si-tuaciis swori mimarTulebiT warmar-TvaSi daexmareba.
am ori regionis istoria, saqar-TvelosTan maTi damokidebulebisa da statusis mixedviT, Semdegia: ori wlis ganmavlobaSi araferi xdeba, Se-mdeg raRac Zalian cudi xdeba da ase grZeldeba momdevno ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi; Semdeg isev raRac Za-lian cudi xdeba da isev grZeldeba Semdegi ramdenime wlis ganmavloba-Si... erTi sityviT, wreze vtrialebT.
Tu momdevno Tveebis ganmavlobaSi kremlTan diskusiebi gaimarTeba ima-ze, Tu risi gakeTeba SeiZleba, saqar-Tvelos mxridan realisturi molo-dinebiTa da sazogadoebis mzaobiT, rom is miiRos, rac realuria (rac, ra Tqma unda, Zalian mcirea imasTan Se-darebiT, rac saqarTvelos realurad surs), SesaZlebeli iqneba wris garR-veva swored im erTaderTi berketis meSveobiT, romelsac saqarTvelo flobs. amasTanave, mniSvnelovania afxazebTan da osebTan komunikaciac, radgan maT gareSe yvela iniciativa kraxisTvis iqneba ganwiruli.
inglisuridan Targmna giorgi cxadaiam
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CrdiloeTi kavkasia
erTi weli estemirovas gareSe
mezoblebi
gamosvlas bedavs, imdenad sustia, rom araTu mTeli qveynis masSta-biT, mezobel quCazec ar ismis.
SesaZloa, federalur arxebs arc ki gaeSuqebinaT estemirovas mkvlelobis TariRi, rom ara eka-terinburgSi dmitri medvedevisa da angela merkelis erToblivi brifingi, romelic rusul-germa-nuli ormxrivi forumis `peter-burguli dialogis~ Semdeg gai-marTa.
kadirovma sasamarTloSic ki uCivla `memorials~ imis gamo, rom misi Tavmjdomare oleg orlovi estemirovas mkvlelobaSi piradad CeCneTis prezidents adanaSaule-bda. Tumca Semdeg, rogorc Cans, medvedevis zewoliT, romelic
asea Tu ise cdilobs axali dar-tyma ar miayenos ruseTis imijs dasavleTSi, kadirovma sasamar-TloSi `memorialis~ winaaRmdeg Setanili sarCeli gamoitana. `de-daCemma mTxova Senze ufrosebis winaaRmdeg nu waxval marTalic rom iyoo~, _ ase axsna Tavisi ga-dawyvetileba CeCneTis liderma.
dedis darigeba ramzans male daaviwyda. ramdenime dRis win is isev daesxa Tavs `memorialis~ Ta-namSromlebs da maT `xalxis mtre-bi~ uwoda. `isini dasavleTisgan bevr fuls iReben da sisuleleebs avrceleben. isini aRar arian ukve oponentebi. isini arian xalxisa da saxelmwifos mtrebi~.
respublikaSi, sadac kadirovis nebarTvis gareSe Citi ver dafri-navs da yvela da yvelaferi mas
ozerskeli xelmZRvanelebi Ta-vis mxriv marto ar Camosulan. Tan Camoiyvanes inJinrebi, buRaltrebi da muSaxeli. adgilobrivi mosax-leoba respublikis aRdgeniT sa-
muSaoebze ver dakavda.saxelmwifo unitarul sawarmo-
ebSi xelfasebi adgilobriv jama-girebs arc Seedreba. aq mTavari buRaltris xelfasi orjer metia vidre prezident kokoiTis ofi-cialuri xelfasi.
am gancxadebam didi xmauri ga-moiwvia. ruseTSi ar moelodnen satelitisgan braldebebs _ impe-riuli rangobrivi TvalsazrisiT es warmoudgenelia. zustad sam dReSi, 13 ivliss respublikaSi ur-TierTobis garkvevis mizniT re-gionuli ganviTarebis ministri vi-qtor basargini da misi moadgile roman panovi Cavidnen.
viziti daCqarebuli programiT Catarda _ obieqtebze gasvla da TaTbiri _ yvelaferi daxurul kars miRma. basarginis moTxovniT, presa molaparakebaTa process ar daaswres.
vizitis win mosalodneli iyo, rom basargini Tavgasul kokoiTis Tavis adgils miuCenda. Tumca, ro-gorc amboben, prezidents mozomi-li gamonaTqvamebiT Tavi didad ar Seuwuxebia. rogorc Cans, basar-ginsa da mis patronebs kremlSi kokoiTi jer kidev sWirdebaT. sa-mxreTi oseTis aRdgena gagrZelde-ba.
statia momzadebulia hainrih biolis fondis mxardaWeriT. am publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi ar aris aucilebeli, gamoxatavdes hainrih biolis fondis Sexedulebebs.
21liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
politika
saqarTvelo-ukraina
megobroba pirveli pirebis gareSe
saqarTvelos prezidenti yvela-ze moulodneli ucxoeli stuma-ri aRmoCnda maT Soris, vinc erTi kviris win piradad miuloca vi-qtor ianukoviCs samoci wlis iu-bile.
ukrainis dedaqalaqSi mixeil saakaSvilis vizitma lamis dete-qtiuri elferi SeiZina. sxva ucxo-eli stumrebisgan gansxvavebiT, winaswar ar iyo cnobili, rom iu-bileze saqarTvelos prezidents elodnen. ori prezidentis pir-veli Sexvedris Sedegebze metad aqtualuri ki diplomatiuri pra-qtikisTvis sakmaod ucnauri ki-Txva gaxda: `iyo Tu ara saqarTve-los prezidenti kievSi miwveuli?~
mixeil saakaSvilis `blickrigi~ kievSi imis dasturia, rom ukraina saqarTvelosTan
dialogisTvis mzad aris, magram ara yvelaferze da ara yvela formiT.
dialogi Sedgeba. Tumca, sru-liad calsaxaa, rom es dialogi gansxvavebul niuansebs SeiZens.
yvelanairi safuZveli arsebo-bs vivaraudoT, rom ukrainasa da saqarTvelos Soris urTier-Toba naklebad personalizebuli da ideologiurad datvirTuli iqneba, vidre es ori qveynis da-moukideblobis manZilze yofila. amjerad mixeil saakaSvilisa da aleqsandr lukaSenkos mier uqme-
aseve, cxadia, rom saqarTvelosa da ukrainas Soris ormxrivi dia-logis mudmiv tonusSi SenarCu-nebis iniciativa qarTul mxares ekuTvnis. swored qarTuli mxare gaxlavT mocemul etapze am ur-TierTobebis generatori da igi ar dauSvebs, rom es energetiku-li kavSiri Tundac mokle droiT gawydes. da ramdenic unda weron saqarTvelos prezidentis pres-relizebSi, rom ori prezidentis Sexvedra `ukrainuli mxaris ini-ciativa iyo~, Tbilisis mxridan diplomatiuri zewolis gareSe is ver Sedgeboda.
garda amisa, ukrainis axali xe-lisuflebis arc erTi warmomad-geneli jer TbilisSi ar Casula. arsebuli informaciiT, saqarTve-los mxare aqtiurad muSaobs ima-
ze, rom wlis bolomde ukrainis mxridanac Sedges ramdenime mniS-vnelovani viziti saqarTveloSi. kerZod, laparakia sagareo saqme-Ta ministrisa da premier-minis-tris stumrobaze.
iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom Tbi-lisSi kargad esmiT sad aris am urTierTobebis mtkivneuli wer-tilebi da yvelanairad cdiloben, maT ar Seexon.
aseT delikatur Temas warmo-adgens ori qveynis prezidentTa Soris piradi Sexvedrebi. Zneli misaxvedri ar aris, rom laparakia `saakaSvilis faqtorze~. kievSi miaCniaT, rom ukrainis preziden-tis mier qarTveli kolegisTvis
wamdauwum xelis CamorTmeva di-videndebs ar moutans ianukoviCs arc ruseTTan misTvis ase mniSv-nelovani `gadatvirTvis~ sakiTxSi da arc ukrainis SigniT (ukanaskne-li ori wlis ganmavlobaSi ukrai-nis mosaxleobaSi mniSvnelovnad Semcirda maTi ricxvi, vinc saqar-Tvelos liderisadmi simpaTiiTaa ganwyobili).
ukrainel kolegas ki TbilisSi mxolod maSin elodebian, roca is amisTvis mzad iqneba. es SeiZleba momaval welsac moxdes, radgan ukrainis dedaqalaqSi aSkarad ar iziareben rusi kolegebis lo-gikas, rom vidre saqarTvelos prezidenti mixeil saakaSvilia,
saqarTvelosTan salaparako ara-feria.
arnaxul akuratulobas av-lens qarTuli mxare iseT Temeb-Tan dakavSirebiT, rogoricaa or qveyanas Soris samxedro-teqniku-ri TanamSromlobis sakiTxi _ rac kidev erT seriozul gamaRiziane-bel faqtors warmoadgens ukrai-nisa da ruseTis urTierTobaSi. es Tema Segnebulad amovarda ukrai-nul-qarTuli dRis wesrigidan, mas Semdeg, rac xelisuflebaSi vi-qtor ianukoviCi movida. rogorc axlaxan `ukrspeceqsportis~ eqs-xelmZRvanelma sergei bondarCuk-ma yovelkvireul gamocema `zerka-lo nedelis~ ganucxada, bolo
ukrainis prezidentis mier qarTveli kolegisTvis wamdauwum xelis CamorTmeva
ianukoviCs dividendebs ar moutans arc ruseTTan misTvis ase mniSvnelovani
`gadatvirTvis~ sakiTxSi da arc ukrainis SigniT.
23liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
weliwad-naxevris ganmavlobaSi ukraina isedac ar debda msxvil kontraqtebs saqarTvelosTan da mxolod adre xelmowerili mcire xelSekrulebebiT Semoifargle-boda.
bs, pragmatuloba SeinarCunos, Seecdeba, rom dakarguli aina-zRauros.
da bolos. eWvqveS dadga ukrai-nisa da saqarTvelos tradiciuli erTobis aRqma dasavleTis (gan-sakuTrebiT nato-s) TvalSi. dasa-vleTi ase Tu ise aqezebda orive saxelmwifos saerTaSoriso are-naze erTgvari duetis saxiT emo-qmedaT _ es sqema, rogorc Cans, amjerad droebiT Tu samudamod gaqra, radgan ukrainis sagareo politikis dRis wesrigidan nato, rogorc aseTi, sruliad amoRebu-lia.
ramdenime kviris winaT ukrai-nis parlamentis mier saSinao da sagareo politikis safuZvlebTan dakavSirebiT miRebul kanonSi fi-gurirebs idumali `bloksmiRma statusi~ _ anu erTgvari valde-buleba, ar SeuerTdnen arc erT samxedro-politikur kavSirs.
SesaZlebelia Tu ara ukrainisa da saqarTvelos amgvari erTobis SenarCuneba momavalSi am orive qveynis evrokavSiris wevrobisken swrafvis xarjze? naklebsavarau-doa. rogorc Cans, evrokavSirma dRes postsabWoTa sivrcis qvey-nebisadmi ufro farTo midgoma airCia, rac `aRmosavleT partnio-robis~ gegmaSia gadmocemuli. da, SesaZloa, aramxolod _ evrokav-Sirma. am regionSi hilari klinto-nis bolo turne, vice-prezident jo baidenis wina mogzaurobisgan gansxvavebiT, mxolod ukrainiT da saqarTveloTi ar Semofarglula. man `aRmosavleT partniorobis~ eqvsi wevridan oTxi moicva.
asea Tu ise, dRes ar arsebobs gansakuTrebuli safuZveli imis saTqmelad, rom ukrainisa da sa-qarTvelos urTierToba ganwiru-lia. ubralod, danamdvilebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es urTier-Tobebi sxva fazaSi inacvlebs. ra-mdenad efeqturi iqneba es faza, amas dro gviCvenebs.
lukaSenkos, romelsac revolu-ciebis Zalian eSinia, saqarTvelos prezidenti Zlier aRizianebda. mas mudmivad aqvs SiSi, rom vinme opozi-cioneri mis kabinetSi Sevardeba da gamoucxadebs, _ `Seni dro amoiwu-rao~, ise, rogorc es saakaSvilma gaakeTa.
adgilobrivi arxis eTerSi. yvelas egona, rom saakaSvili ruseTze sau-bars daiwyebda _ Tumca, mosaxleo-bis molodini ar gamarTlda.
saakaSvili interviuSi gasakvirad diplomatiuri da TavSekavebuli iyo, ar gamouTqvams arc erTi prin-cipulad mniSvnelovani pretenzia. `Zneli gasarkvevia, ra surT maT?! _ ambobs saakaSvili, _ Cven gvsurs ur-TierTobebis ganaxleba da Semxvedri nabijebis gadadgma. Cven maT SesaZ-leblobas vaZlevT, ar dadgnen di-lemis winaSe da ar gaakeTon arCevani cudsa da uaress Soris~.
saqarTvelos prezidenti damtk-bari eniT saubrobda ruseTis didi kulturis da rusi maRalCinosnebis mier qarTuli Rvinis siyvarulis Sesaxeb. saakaSvilma ganacxada, rom
sakuTar Svils rusuli enis swavlas aZalebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom ba-vSvs ar esmis, sad SeiZleba rusuli ena gamoadges.
intervius dros saqarTvelos prezidenti saubrobda imis Sesa-xeb, rom zedmeti wona mas xaWapu-ris Wamis saSualebas ar aZlevs da gulwrfel sixaruls gamoxatavda saqarTvelosa da beloruss Soris aqtiuri sahaero mimosvlis gamo. saakaSvilma aseve madliereba gamo-Tqva, rom belorusis mTavrobam ar aRiara afxazeTisa da samxreTi ose-Tis damoukidebloba.
saakaSvils araferi uTqvams imaze, rom 2008 wlis agvistoSi lukaSenko Sexvedrebs marTavda kokoiTisTan da baRafSTan, aseve miesalmebo-da ruseTis samxedro moqmedebebs. `me kategoriulad vewinaaRmdegebi mosazrebas, rom agvistoSi ruseTi
saqarTvelos eomeboda. es iyo mSve-nieri operacia ruseTis da adgilo-brivi mosaxleobis monawileobiT. xalxi sakuTar miwas icavda, xolo samSvidoboebi asrulebdnen saku-Tar misias~, _ ambobda maSin luka-Senko. agvistoSi lukaSenkom Tqva, rom orive regions aRiarebs _ sa-mxreT oseTsac da afxazeTsac.
belorusis prezidenti Zalian male mixvda, rom afxazeTisa da ose-Tis Tema araCveulebrivi koziria, romlis gaTamaSeba, saWiroebisamebr, SesaZlebelia ruseTTan mimarTebaSi.
gadacemis bolos ki saakaSvilma filmis Крестный батька-s ganxilvac gadawyvita. man scada Tavisi axali megobari lukaSenko filmSi gaJRe-rebuli politikuri mkvlelobe-bis braldebisagan daecva. Tumca,
Cveni amerikeli Tu evropeli par-tniorebi Riad migvaniSneben imaze, rom qarTul politikaSi samxedro ritorika mniSvnelovnad unda Sem-cirdes da ruseTTan konfrontaciis ganmuxtvis gzebi gamoinaxos, raTa es urTierTobebi metad prognozireba-di gaxdes. mxolod amis Semdgom aris SesaZlebeli winsvla qveynisTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovan sakiTxebSi, rogoric aris erovnuli usafrTxo-eba, stabiluroba, ekonomikuri gan-viTareba da qveynis sagareo ekono-mikuri urTierTobebis gaaqtiureba.
aSS-m da evropelma partniorebma gamoTqves mzadyofna xeli Seuwyon saqarTvelos da ruseTis mTavro-bebis warmomadgenlebis pirdapiri dialogis ganaxlebas (Jenevis mola-parakebebis CarCos gareT).
saqarTvelos megobrebs kargad es-miT, rom aris sakiTxebi, sadac Tbi-lisisa da moskovis xedva erTmaneTs verasodes daemTxveva. pirvel rigSi es aris okupirebuli teritoriebi da separatistuli regionebi. Tum-ca, dasavlel partniorebs miaCniaT, rom ruseTisgan momavali safrTxis deeskalacia swored ekonomikur da humanitarul sakiTxebze dialogis dawyebiT unda moxdes. es ar niSna-vs imas, rom saqarTvelo ruseTTan principul daTmobebze unda wavides da misi upirobo megobari gaxdes. saubaria garkveul garantiebze, rac mSvidad cxovrebisa da ekonomikis ganviTarebis saSualebas mogvcemda.
Sesabamisad, Tu qveynis sagareo politikis warmmarTveli gundi aR-niSnul vizitebs saTanadod da ze-dmeti eiforiis gareSe Seafasebs, Sedegad qveynis arsebulma sagareo politikam saWiro koreqtirebebi unda ganicados.
kerZod, am etapze qveynis poli-tikuri da usafrTxoebis sakiTxebis mogvarebisas, saqarTvelos sagareo politikis mniSvnelovani aqcente-bi ruseTTan urTierTobis deeska-laciis gzebis moZiebasa da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebis ganvi-Tarebaze unda gakeTdes.
am mimarTulebiT pirveli sworad gadadgmuli nabijia, okupirebuli teritoriebis mimarT saxelmwifo strategiis SemuSaveba. es strategia gulisxmobs konfliqtis transfor-macias Zalismieri fazidan ekono-mikuri da humanitaruli resursis amuSavebisken.
aRniSnul strategias mxari dauWi-ra aSS-m da evropis qveynebma. am mxardaWeris ignorirebas verc ruse-Ti moaxerxebs.
aRniSnuli strategiis warmatebiT
ganxorcieleba qveyanaSi usafrTxo, stabiluri garemos Seqmnas Seuwyobs xels da Sida da sagareo ekonomikur saqmianobas gamoacocxlebs.
paralelurad, Cvens ucxoel part-niorebTan erTad saqarTvelos saer-TaSoriso da regionuli ekonomiku-ri politika unda SemuSavdes (unda vipovoT Cveni qveynis niSa msoflios ekonomikaSi). kerZod, daisaxos konkretuli gzebi imisaTvis, rom Cveni qveyana samxreT kavkasiis, axlo aziisa da dasavleTis qveynebs Soris saerTaSoriso vaWrobis erT-erTi sakvanZo wertili gaxdes. saqarTve-lom sabolood unda gaiformos re-gionSi mTavari satranzito energe-tikuli koridoris statusi.
Tu Cveni sagareo politika am ku-TxiT warimarTeba, es Cvens part-nior qveynebs saSualebas miscems saqarTvelo-ruseTis urTierTobe-bis ganmuxtvis procesSi ufro me-tad CaerTon. aseve es xels Seuwyobs usafrTxoebis qmediTi meqanizmebis Seqmnas, konfliqtebTan mimarTeba-Si SemuSavebuli axali strategiis amoqmedebas da saqarTvelosTvis au-cilebeli ekonomikuri da sainvesti-cio proeqtebis ganxorcielebas.
Cveni partniorebis azriT, mxolod am gziT SeuZlia saqarTvelos ruseTis mxridan SesaZlo samxedro agresiis Ta-vidan acileba da qveynis SigniT stabi-lurobis SenarCuneba. aRniSnuli reko-mendaciebis gauTvaliswineblobis SemTxvevaSi ki saqarTvelo marto dar-Ceba im saerTaSoriso, regionuli da ekonomikuri safrTxeebis winaSe, rom-lebTan gamklavebac qveyanas marto Za-lian gauWirdeba. aman SeiZleba gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebis qaosSi dagva-brunos.
ivane maWavariani _ saqarTvelos yofili
elCi iaponiaSi. damTavrebuli aqvs jon hopkinsis
universitetis saerTaSoriso swavlebis umaRlesi
skolis samagistro programa (aSS), centraluri
evropis universitetis evropuli da saerTaSori-
so urTierTobaTa fakulteti (CexeTi); aris rigi
samecniero da analitikuri statiebis avtori
politika
27liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
saubrebi liberalizmze
Tvalsazrisi
rusuli modernizacia
2010 wlis 1 ivniss donis rostov-Si evrokavSirisa da ruseTis erTo-blivi samiti dasrulda, ris Semdgom ruseTis, evrokavSiris sabWos da evrokomisiis prezidentebma saerTo gancxadeba warmoadgines, romelSic vkiTxulobT: „msoflioSi, sadac xalxebi da ekonomikebi ufro metad xdeba erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli da erTmaneTze damokidebuli, Cveni ekonomikebis da sazogadoebebis mo-dernizeba umniSvnelovanesi da auci-lebeli nabijia“. ivnisSive gaimarTa samiti aSS-s prezident barak obamasa da dmitri medvedevs Soris, romel-Sic gadatvirTvis politikis mTavar miRwevebze imsjeles. samitamde ra-mdenime xniT adre medvedevi kali-forniaSi mdebare maRali teqnolo-giebis centrs, e.w. „silikonis vels“ ewvia. am stumrobas win uZRoda jer kidev 2010 wlis ianvarSi medvedevis administraciis warmomadgenlebis da ekonomikuri mrCevlebis Sexve-dra amerikel ekonomistebTan da Tanamedrove teqnologiebis specia-listebTan masaCusetsis teqnolo-giur institutSi. Tavis mxriv, mo-gvianebiT, amerikelebic estumrnen moskovs, inovaciasa da Tanamedrove teqnologiebze sasaubrod. medvede-vma ukve specialuri adgilic ki air-Cia moskovis midamoebSi _ sofeli skolkovo, romelic rusul „sili-konis velad“ aris Cafiqrebuli.
amerikaSi daiwyes imaze msjeloba, daexmaron Tu ara moskovs moderni-zaciaSi. mTavari kiTxva ruseTSi kanonis uzenaesobasa da moderniza-ciis cnebis ganmartebas ukavSirde-ba. sityva „modernizaciiT“ ruseTSi
ruseTSi ekonomikur da politikur modernizaciebs Soris arsebul kavSirs iazreben,
magram problema korumpirebuli elitis „damarcxebaa“.
giorgi cxadaia
aRniSnaven Tanamedrove teqnolo-giebis da ekonomikuri institute-bis danergvas, romlebic inovacias da socioekonomikur progress Seu-wyoben xels. modernizacia ruseTSi
tradiciulad „zemodan qvemoT“ xde-boda _ magaliTad, petre pirvelisa da meoce saukuneSi stalinis mier warmoebuli modernizaciis kampanie-bi, romlebic ZiriTadad avtorita-
ruseTis garkveul
wreebSi kargad esmiT:
Tu kanonis uzenaesoba
daculi ar iqneba, korufcia
sagrZnoblad ar Semcirdeba
da demokratiuli
institutebis ganviTarebas
xeli ar Seewyoba,
modernizacia Tavis realur
mniSvnelobas dakargavs.
dmitri medvedevi da arnold Svarcnegeri, kalifornia, san xose, 23 ivnisi 2010
28 liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
saubrebi liberalizmze
ruli Zalauflebis da centraliza-ciis ganmtkicebisken iyo mimarTuli.
umTavresi problema, romelic am SemTxvevaSi ikveTeba, arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi moqmedi grZelvadia-
ni proeqtebia, romlebic dagegmili iyo moqmedi sagadasaxado kodeqsis Tanaxmad. anu, Tu romelime orga-nizacias hqonda ramdenime welze gaTvlili proeqti, am wlebis gan-mavlobaSi TanamSromelTa xelfasi gansazRvruli iyo, vTqvaT, 300 la-ris odenobiT, misi TanamSromeli gadasaxadebis gadaxdis Semdgom iRe-bda xelfass 264 laris odenobiT. 2011 wlidan, cvlilebebis Tanaxmad ki, organizaciis aRniSnuli TanamS-romeli gadasaxadebis gadaxdis Sem-deg miiRebs 240 lars. martivad rom vTqvaT, aRniSnuli cvlilebebi niSna-vs imas, rom yvela im personis mdgo-mareoba gauaresdeba, romelic arasa-mTavrobo seqtorSia dasaqmebuli.
sainteresoa, ratom gadawyvita xe-
lisuflebam, gaezarda sagadasaxado ganakveTebi arasamTavrobo organi-zaciebisaTvis da Seemcirebina mcire biznesisaTvis? Tu vinme ityvis, rom am mxriv saxelmwifo elodeba biu-jetSi mniSvnelovani Semosavlebis zrdas anu am ideas raime fiskaluri efeqti aqvs, es araseriozulia, vi-naidan saqarTvelos arasamTavrobo seqtors ar gaaCnia imxela finansu-ri SesaZleblobebi, rom gazrdili gadasaxadebis pirobebSi biujetSi Senatani mniSvnelovnad gaizardos; ufro metic, maRali gadasaxadis pi-robebSi, arasamTavrobo organiza-ciebi iZulebulni iqnebian, Seamci-ron TanamSromelTa odenoba.
ufro logikuri iqneboda xeli-suflebas meti SeRavaTi gaekeTebina arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis. am logikas ori efeqti amyarebs: pirveli is, rom arasamTavrobo or-ganizaciaTa siZliere demokratiis xelSewyobis winapirobaa, da meore, wminda ekonomikuri faqtori _ ara-samTavrobo organizaciebis saqmia-noba garkveulwilad uzrunvelyofs qveyanaSi ucxouri valutis Semo-dinebas, rac ucxour savaluto re-zervebze damokidebuli qveynisaTvis arcTu usargeblo sakiTxia.
Zalian bevri kritikosi eyoleba logikas, rom sagadasaxado SeRavaTe-bi ar ganapirobebs demokratias da es marTalicaa, oRond, marTali iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Cven ukve vcxo-vrobT demokratiul saxelmwifoSi da viTxovT met demokratias da ara, zogadad, demokratias. Tumca, im vi-TarebaSi, rodesac saqarTveloSi de-mokratias Zneli da grZeli gza aqvs gasavleli, demokratiuli institu-tebis meti xelSewyoba, an minimum, arsebuli mdgomareobis SenarCuneba, Zalian mniSvnelovania.
Tamaz marRiSvili _ `inturistebis skolis quCaze, sadac manqanebi iyide-boda, gazeTi iyo gamokruli. ewera, xelTubanSi miwa iyidebao. gamgeobaSi mivedi, miTxres miwa auqcioniT iyide-ba da monawileoba yvelas SeuZliao. am nakveTze viRacas hqonda gancxadeba Se-tanili, magram ar gamocxadda da miwa me viyide. auqcions soflidan Cem garda aravin daswrebia~.
soflis mosaxleobas miaCnia, rom ivane koCuaSvilze, SeZenili miwa fi-qtiuradaa gaformebuli, misi namdvili mflobeli ki qeTevan markozaSvilia.
tariel falelaSvili _ `ivane koCu-aSvili da qeTino markozaSvili, biZaS-vil-mamidaSvilebi arian. qeTino bevr nakveTs ver gaiformebda da amitom ga-aforma koCuaSvilze. me rom Waobiani miwa Semesyida, 3000 laramde damijde-boda, roca markozaSvilma 700 larad umaRlesi xarisxis nakveTi iyida.
komisiis Tavmjdomare, qeTevan marko-zaSvili ambobs, rom Tamaz marRiSvili faqtiurad flobda am miwas da auqcio-nis wesiT daikanona, xolo ivane koCuaS-vilma, umaRlesi kategoriis saxnavi miwa SeiZina.
xelTubnelebi maTi teritoriis Tvi-Tneburad miTvisebaSi, ramdenime ada-mians adanaSauleben. maTi TqmiT, sa-Zovrad datovebuli nakveTebi valeri termelaSvilma, Tamaz marRiaSvilma, malxaz baSinjayelma da vinme g. giorga-Zem miiTvises da gayides.
guram koCuaSvili _ `valeri terme-laSvilma soflis nakveTebis umetesoba jer miisakuTra da Semdeg yovelgvari sabuTis gareSe gayida; colis Zma hya-vs `nacionalur moZraobaSi~ da amitom arafers ukrZalaven~.
valeri termelaSvili uaryofs Ta-nasoflelebis braldebas da acxadebs, rom is nakveTebs arc ukanonod iTvisebs da arc yidis, tenderebis gamocxadebis Semdeg ki yidulobs; misi TqmiT miwa 3-4 wlis win emzar kitriaSvilisgan, givi jayelisa da givi koCuaSvilisagan Sei-Zina.
xelTubnelTa gancxadebas upasuxa goris municipalitetma. maT mimarTvaSi weria, rom municipalitetma moiZia auq-cionis Catarebis dokumentebi da adas-turebs, rom tenderi kanonis sruli dacviT Catarda.
metic, kanonproeqti zog SemTxve-vaSi erTi-erTze imeorebs muxlebs saxelmwifo dacvis samsaxuris, sasa-marTlo aRsrulebisa da patimrobis Sesaxeb kanonebidan da aseve muxle-bs arasapatimro sasjelTa aRsru-lebisa da probaciis debulebebi-dan. magaliTad, mandaturebi iseve, rogorc adamianebi, romelTac yve-la zemoT CamoTvlili normatiuli aqti exebaT, TavianT samsaxurSi sa-xelmwifos warmoadgenen da maTi mo-Txovnebis Sesruleba savaldebulo xdeba yvela fizikuri pirisTvis. rogorc Cans, mandaturebis progra-
maze am muxlebis morgebisas, kanon-proeqtis avtorebma is garemoeba gaiTvaliswines, rom mandaturebi, sasamarTlo aRmasruleblis, saxel-mwifo dacvisa da sapatimros Tana-mSromlis msgavsad, gansakuTrebul reJimSi da teritoriaze muSaoben.
skolis mandaturis uflebebis aRwera saxelmwifo dacvis samsaxu-ris TanamSromlis aRweras emTxveva im mxrivac, rom misTvis xelis SeS-la, Seuracxyofis miyeneba, muqara da winaaRmdegobis gaweva dasjadi qmedebaa. mandaturs eqneba fizi-kuri Zalisa da `specialuri saSu-alebebis~ gamoyenebis uflebac. im muxlebis wakiTxvisas ki, romlebic mandaturebis socialur dacvas exe-ba, iqmneba STabeWdileba, TiTqos, maT muSaoba Zalian maRali riskis jgufebTan uwevT da amitom gan-sakuTrebuli dacvac sWirdebaT. am muxlebSi saubaria samsaxurebri-vi movaleobis dros dasaxiCrebis, dainvalidebisa da gardacvalebis SemTxvevebze.
mandaturebis sistema araefeqtu-ri iqneba im problemebis gamosav-lenad, rac saqarTveloSi arsebobs mozardebis ZaladobasTan dakavSi-rebiT. 2007-08 wlebSi gaeros ba-vSvTa fondis mier Catarebuli kv-levis mixedviT, skolebSi xSiria fsiqologiuri Zaladobis SemTxve-vebi, rogoricaa bavSvis gariyva, Seuracxyofis miyeneba, yvirili. Zaladobis SemTxvevebi didwilad xdeba skolisken an skolidan mima-val gzaze da skolis Semdegac. vi-ciT isic, rom TbilisSi Zaladobis procentuli gamovlineba naklebia, vidre _ Tbilisis gareT. mandatu-rebis es sistema ki ver pasuxobs kv-leviT gamovlenil am problemebs.
am formiT mandaturebis insti-tuti saziano iqneba mTlianad ga-naTlebis sistemisTvisac. skolaSi gaCndeba adamiani, romelic ar eqve-mdebareba skolas da warmoadgens sxva dawesebulebas. dRes skolis personalis SerCevaze skolis di-reqtoria pasuxismgebeli, is aris maTi damqiravebeli da samuSaos efeqturobisa da keTilsindisiere-bis Semfasebelic. Tu is xedavs, rom TanamSromeli saTanadod ar muSa-obs, misi gaTavisufleba SeuZlia. ra SeiZleba gaakeTos direqtorma mandaturis arakeTilsindisierebis SemTxvevaSi? direqtors mxolod is SeeZleba, rom daukavSirdes sa-ministros specialur saagentos da sTxovos skolaSi momuSave adamianis saqmis ganxilva.
mandaturebis sistema ise rom dainergos, rogorc es ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros war-momadgenlebis interviuebSia (anu sami mandaturi saSualod skola-ze), mxolod TbilisSi am saagentos skolebisTvis daaxloebiT 600 Tana-mSromeli eyoleba gamoyofili. am raodenobis TanamSromlis efeqtu-rad marTva ki centralizebulad SeuZlebelia. rogorc wesi, arae-feqturia sistemebi, rodesac Ta-namSromlis pasuxismgeblobis saki-
35liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
sazogadoeba
Txi zemdgom instanciebSi wydeba. dRevandel sistemaSi ki saministro Tavs swored skolebis zemdgomad miiCnevs da ara zogadad ganaTlebis politikis gamtareblad.
skola mandaturebze kontrolis ararsebobasTan erTad, ara mxolod avtonomias kargavs, aramed pasuxis-mgeblobasac. maswavleblebi isedac xSirad cdiloben sakuTari pasuxis-mgeblobis sxvisTvis gadabarebas, rodesac amis SesaZlebloba aris. asea ara mxolod qarTul kultura-Si, aramed bevr sxva sistemaSic. Tu maswavlebels aqvs imis Sansi, rom moswavleebis qcevis regulirebisas gancdili warumatebloba adminis-traciis wevrs gadaabralos, is am Sanss xSirad iyenebs. mandaturebis Cacmulobas Tu davakvirdebiT, Se-vamCnevT, rom mandaturi konkre-tul skolas simboluradac ki ar ekuTvnis. mis formaze ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros logoa gamosaxuli da ara im skolis, ro-melSic is msaxurobs. amgvar viTa-rebaSi cduneba, rom moswavlis qce-vis regulirebaze pasuxismgebloba mTlianad saxelmwifos daawves, didi iqneba.
TavisTavad cxadia, rom arsebuli problemebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sko-lis usafrTxoebis gaumjobesebaSi fulis gadaxda Rirs. Tumca mniSvne-lovania, Tu rogor davxarjavT da ramdens. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministris gancxadebiT, mandatu-ris xelfasi TveSi 400 laria. iTqva isic, rom skolebSi saSualod sami mandaturi iqneba. marto qalaqis skolebSi mandaturis xelfasebs Tu daviangariSebT, weliwadSi daaxlo-ebiT 7 milioni lars miviRebT. es ki imaze samjer metia, rac saxelmwi-fom 2009 wels daxarja, magaliTad, saqarTvelos yvela maswavleblis profesiuli kvalifikaciis amaRle-baze. davamatoT amas biurokratiis Senaxvis xarjebi, rac axali saa-gentosa da mandaturebis marTvas unda moxmardes da gaviTvaliswi-
noT is Tanxac, rac mandaturebis momzadebas, aRWurvasa da dazRvevas sWirdeba. da davsvaT kiTxva: bevria Tu ara aTamde milioni lari gana-Tlebis sistemis am axali cvlile-bebisTvis? SeadareT am iniciativis biujeti ganaTlebis sferoSi daxar-jul sxva Tanxebs da mixvdebiT, rom samwuxarod, ganaTlebis sistemis mcire biujetisTvis es Tanxa sakma-od didia.
maSin ra unda iyos saxelmwifos midgoma? saxelmwifom es programa unda ganaxorcielos mxolod iseT skolebSi, sadac problemis mogva-reba damxmare personalis gareSe rTulia. damxmare personali sko-lam unda iqiraos saxelmwifos fi-nansebiTa da instruqciebis mixed-
viT. personali unda ganixilebodes ara rogorc problemis mogvarebis mTavari instrumenti, aramed ro-gorc eqsperti, romelic skolas problemebis mosagvareblad Zale-bis mobilizebaSi exmareba. usafr-Txoebis eqsperti ar unda ganixile-bodes, rogorc policieli, dacvis samsaxuris TanamSromeli, an aRmas-rulebeli. misi muSaoba unda iyos droebiTi da misi warmateba unda izomebodes imiT, ramdenad moemza-da skola Zaladobis Sesamcireblad. am principebis gaTvaliswinebiT sa-varaudoa, rom mandaturebis arse-bobas marTla eqneba mniSvnelovani grZelvadiani, mdgradi da ekonomi-kurad mizanSewonili efeqti moswa-vleebis usafrTxoebisTvis.
gTavazobT amonarids erT-erTi
kanonproeqtidan, romelic saqar-
Tvelos parlamentSi gansaxilvelad
sul axlaxan Sevida. kanonproeqtis
mTavari moqmedi piris saxeli Secvli-
lia X-iT. waikiTxeT da gamoicaniT, vin
aris is. vin aris is adamiani, romlis
kanonieri moTxovnebis Sesruleba au-
cilebelia nebismieri TqvenganisTvis
da visac aseTi sarisko samsaxuri aqvs?
"muxli 48/4 X - is samarTlebrivi
dacva
1. X samsaxurebrivi movaleobis
ganxorcielebisas aris saxelmwifo
xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli da
mas icavs saxelmwifo. misi kanonieri
moTxovnis Sesruleba savaldebulia
yvela fizikuri pirisaTvis.
2. aravis ara aqvs ufleba, Caerios X-is
samsaxurebriv saqmianobaSi, garda
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxve-
vebisa.
3. X-is samsaxurebrivi movaleobis gan-
xorcielebisas xelis SeSla, misi pati-
visa da Rirsebis Selaxva, muqara, mis-
Tvis winaaRmdegobis gaweva, Zaladoba
gamocana: vin aris adamiani-X?
swori pasuxia: mandaturi
an misi sicocxlis, janmrTelobis an
qonebis xelyofa, iwvevs saqarTvelos
kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul
pasuxismgeblobas....
muxli 48/5 X-is socialuri dacva
1. X eqvemdebareba savaldebulo dazR-
vevas saxelmwifos mier.
2. ziani, romelic X-s miadga samsaxu-
rebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas, mas
srulad unazRaurdeba saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebidan...
3. samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesru-
lebisas X-is daRupvis SemTxvevaSi mis
ojaxs (memkvidres) saqarTvelos sa-
xelmwifo biujetis saxsrebidan eZle-
va erTjeradi fuladi daxmareba ara
umetes 15 000 larisa. X-is dakrZalvis
xarjebs aanazRaurebs saxelmwifo.
4. samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesru-
lebisas X-is dasaxiCrebis an/da dain-
validebis SemTxvevaSi mas sxeulis
dazianebis simZimis xarisxis Sesaba-
misad, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenili wesiT eZleva erTjeradi
daxmareba ara umetes 7 000 larisa...."
36 liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
mediakritika
"Sen xar venaxi" profilSi
es erT-erTi an ki yvelaze maRal reitinguli gadacemaa. aq Cven Zi-riTadad profilSi (rogorc Cans, gverdidan) sxvadasxva cnobili ada-mianis intimur istoriebs vismenT. gadacemis sinofsisSic ase weria: `yvelaze reitinguli arapolitiku-ri toqSou qarTul telesivrceSi. Cven politikaze ar vsaubrobT, Cven konkretuli adamianebis istorias giambobT. sakuTari cxovrebis Sesa-xeb toqSous stumrebi Tavad hyve-bian. qarTuli mentalitetisTvis uCveulo gulaxdiloba, yvelaze piraduls gadacemis gmirebi `pro-fils~ andoben. maTi rTuli cxo-vreba ki gadacemis eTerSi gasvlis Semdeg icvleba. cnobili adamianebi axali rakursiT da realuri ambebis ucnobi gmirebi, maTi tkiviliTa da sixaruliT. `profilSi~ nebismieri asakis mayurebeli ipovis mxolod misTvis gankuTvnil ambavs. Cven TqvenTan erTad vcvliT ̀ profilis~ stumrebis beds. SemogvierTdiT~!
rogorc xedavT, gadacema `pro-fils~ ara mxolod adamianebis garTobis, aramed maTi cxovrebis Secvlis ambiciac aqvs. magram am survilsa da ambicias seriozulad nu CaveZiebiT. `SemogvierTdiT~, _ ase sruldeba gadacemis anota-cia. es is gadacemaa, romlis Sesa-xeb ver moismenT amgvar Sefasebas: _ `Zalian saintereso~, an `Zalian kargi~, magram es is gadacemaa, ro-melsac yvela uyurebs, yvela `uer-Tdeba~. Semdeg zogi mZafr kritikas ar iSurebs, zogi ki ubralod qili-kobs. `Cven konkretuli adamianebis istorias giambobT. sakuTari cxo-vrebis Sesaxeb toqSous stumrebi Tavad hyvebian~ _ martivi diagno-zia, vuaierizmisa (mayurebeli) Tu eqshibicionizmis (monawile) moTxo-vnileba garkveulwilad yvela Cven-
ninia kakabaZe
ganSi devs da amis mZafri survili gadacemis wamyvansac aqvs. sxvas ras unda davabraloT maia asaTianis mier sakuTar gadacemaSi araerTxel moyolili piradi istoria an ki in-terviu sakuTar TavTan (ixileT 15 aprilis gadacema, saxelwodebiT `ocnebis qalaqi~). maia sakuTar Tavs ekiTxeba da Semdeg maias montaJu-ri oreuli pasuxobs: `me (pauza) Se-miyvarda (pauza da mzera dabla) Cemi operatori~... ori maia studiaSi be-vrs ar saubrobs, magram es xanmokle dialogi sulisSemZvrel emocias da hororis efeqts qmnis.
erTi sityviT, es aris telese-riali gansxvavebuli istoriebiT,
romelic vuaierizmiT Sepyrobil mayurebelsa da gaSiSvlebis mosur-ne stumrebs akmayofilebs. seriale-bisgan gansxvavebiT, es xom `namdvi-li~ adamianebis konstruirebuli `namdvili~ ambebia. am istoriebs gadacemis wamyvanic da Jurnalis-tebic mokankale, mTrTolvare xmiT gviamboben. da am gadacemas saqar-Tvelos mosaxleobis 25-30 procen-ti uyurebs. alogikuria, ratom me-toqeobs reitingebSi `profili~ da `Sua qalaqi~? mxatvruli seriali, romelic gacilebiT ufro namdvili da damajerebelia, vidre dokumen-turi Toq-Sou, sadac yvela da yve-laferi namdvili yalbia?!
sinamdvileSi problema sxva rame-Sia: araviTari mniSvneloba ar aqvs, prezidenti mogvatyuebs mSenebare caTambjenze gamarTuli ministrTa kabinetis sxdomebiT, Tu nanuka Jor-Joliani plenerze dadgmuli qaTqaTa da musikaluri wveulebiT.
ise, restoran `ialqanis~ verandaze SemTxveviT davardnili Cangali `Se-mTxveviT~ Sekrebili publikis fonze ras niSnavda, ver gavige...
qarTuli bomondi, raRac msubuqad melanqoliur da mwklarted sasia-movno `gerlenis~ burJuaziul sur-nels gamoscemda. Tumca, sinamdvile-Si es axlaxan Camogdebuli stalinis Zeglis SurismaZiebel, odnav mZaRe da neoklasicistur surnels ufro hgavda. msubuqi musikiT sasiamovnod
gadaRlili saxeebi erTdroulad 70-iani wlebis uSfoTveli socializmis epoqasa da 50-iani wlebis sabWoTa filmebs (fsevdoklasikuri kolo-nebiT, TeTri tilos samosiTa da eqskluziuri SlapebiT) gvaxsenebda. da am saxeebze ikiTxeboda, rom dRe-vandel art-part-elitas erTi cxadi survili aqvs _ icxovros ise, rom mas xeli aravin da veravin SeuSalos.
daaxloebiT ase iyo 70-80-ian wleb-Sic. Sesabamisad, Cinovnikebis mTavar ocnebas warmoadgenda agaraki zRvis piras (daba leseliZedan baTumamde) da Savi volga (dRevandeli ekvivalen-tiT jipi) saimedod dacul farexSi.
`Cemi Sou, Cem SouSi, Cemma Soum” _ yvelaze xSirad swored es sityvebi ismoda oTxsaaTian gadacemaSi. gego-
nebaT, nanukam pensiaSi gasuli lari kingi unda Secvalos. da es yvela-feri mTian aWaraSi mcxovreb moxu-cebTan intervius fonze, romelTac Turme ocnebad gadaqceviaT, odesme cxovrebaSi Sexvdnen nanukas!
ase martivad da `TeTrad~ qmnis televizia miTebs, rom mis gareSe
cxovreba mosawyeni da prozaulia, da rom ara `modelirebuli~ sate-levizio TamaSebi da Sida klanuri garToba, igi mTlad `xatebis borot demons~ (Jan bodriaris terminia, ro-melic man pirvelad gamoiyena tele-viziis misamarTiT) daemsgavseboda.
gaxsovT guram doCanaSvilis `samo-selSi~ mamida ariadnas reaqcia, su-frasTan mjdomi kumeo xorcis naWre-bs jibeSi rom Caidebs?! `uzrdeli~, _ ambobs mamida ariadna. `uzrdeli ki ara uSualoa~, _ arbilebs konCentina.
daaxloebiT ase arbilebda atmos-feros nanuka JorJolianic, romlis interesi, aqvs Tu ara Custebi da xalaTi prezidents, am ukanasknelma odnav uxalisod, magram mainc bo-lomde daakmayofila: `TeTr SouSi~
is mudam cdilobs iyos `axali da Tanamedrove~, zedapi-ruli, uxeSi da TviTkmari. Tumca mTavari socialuri mamo-Zravebeli Zala piradi kapitalis usafrTxoebaa. is etrfis usafrTxoebas da amitomac sakuTar Tavs yvelaze ukeT ara politikur partiaSi, aramed e.w. `saxelisuflebo proe-qtebSi~ grZnobs. igi SeiZleba gaeqces erTi qveynis avto-
ritarizms da meores Seafaros Tavi. misi gavrcelebis areali xsenebuli proeqtebia, Zalau-flebisa da biznesis incestis Sedegad rom ibadebian, saerTod saqarTveloSi msgavsma kavSireb-ma mravali ukanono monstri Sva, yvelaze TvalsaCinoni qarTuli media-monstrebia, romlis xelo-vnur kvebasac mravali aTeuli milioni esaWiroeba.
mokled am socialuri inkarna-tis xmas uamravi ganmasxvavebeli niSniTa da parametriT amoicno-bT, umTavresi ki is gaxlavT, rom igi ver Zlebs xelisuflebasTan siaxlovis gareSe, Tumca yovel-Tvis sapirispiros qadagebs.
Tu gsurT kargad dagegmoT sakuTari cxovreba, saqarTvelo-Si da aramc da aramc sxvagan _
igrZnoT Zalisa da pativis xibli _ mousmineT am xmas, es benduqiZis ̀ libertarianuli~ xmaa! igi mravali adamianis ga-mWol ismis. es xma ar unda agerioT sxva aranakleb specifi-kur xmaSi, romelic gamorCeulad partiulia da romelic sruliad axalgazrda, yrma politikosebis, Zveli da axali mowvevis mowinave parlamentarebisgan, universitetebis TviTmmarTvelobis liderebisgan moismis, igi daaxloebiT ase JRers, agresiulad da mWaxed: `ukacravad, ukacravad! Zalian didi bodiSi, Zalian didi bodiSi, ki magram……!~
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43liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
Tvalsazrisi
arseboben Ramis diqtatorebi da dRis diqtatorebi. erTni RamRamo-biT fxizloben vampirebiviT, meoreni mamlis yivilTan erTad iRviZeben da ukve mosaRamovebulze erevaT Tvlema.
stalini pirvelTa kategorias, Ramis diqtatorebis rigs ganekuTvneba.
is, rac mniSvnelovania da masTan aris dakavSirebuli, yvelaferi RamiT xdeba.
stalini RamRamobiT cocxlobs. dRisiT _ ufunqcioa.
hitleri piriqiT _ Zil-RviZilis ganrigi wesieri germaneli mSromeli-viT aqvs mogvarebuli. bunkerSic ki, bolo dReebSi, Ramis TerTmet saaTs arafriT gadaacilebs _ am droisTvis ukve loginSia.
dRis diqtatoria espanelTa kau-dilio frankoc. mxolod sicocxlis ukanasknel kvirebSi uwevs Rameebis Teneba _ roca sisxls anTxevs SeuCe-reblad. swored maSin dascda es si-tyvebic: `Turme, ra rTuli yofila sikvdili~.
dRis diqtatorebi arian musolini, peroni, pinoCeti da kastro.
ai, mao ki _ Ramis. rogorc stalini. yvelaferSi amas ar baZavs?
modi, sxvebs Tavi vaneboT da stali-nis Rameul biografias mivyveT.
cialuri mama (besarion juRaSvili) ar aZinebda xolme. jer cols scemda, mere masac. iseTi ZaliT anarcxebda miwas, `sisxliT Sardavda Tveebis gan-mavlobaSi~.
msoflio Cempionati damTavrda da axla mTavari salaparako isev trans-ferebia. ixlarTeba Zalian Zviriane-bic da saerTod ufasoebic aranakleb saintereso. Tumca, raRa aris xolme saintereso am fexburTSi, xeirianad veRar gavige. davibeni mowinaaRmdegis dacvasaviT.
is namdvilad kargia, rom msoflios axali Cempioni hyavs, bare 12 weliwa-dia, aseTi ram ar momxdara. ambavi sul sam gundSi trialebs xolme, romlebic varga, Tu ara sulac ara aqvs mniSvne-loba, isini yovelTvis iq arian, sadac unda iyvnen. Tasis Soriaxlos.
ver gavige-Tqo. ara, me ubralod im ambavSi, rom es-
paneTis Cempionoba marTla kargi iyo da espaneTi marTla yvelaze kargi gundia msoflioSi. samwuxarod, roca holandia iyo msoflioSi yvelaze kar-gi gundi, msoflio Cempioni ver gaxda. egeTebi xdeba xolme. 1978-s ar vgu-lisxmob ra Tqma unda, maSin holandia namdvilad ar iyo msoflios saukeTe-so gundi. axla holandielebi jiutad imeorebdnen yvela interviuSi, ginda mogvkaliT da karg fexburTs ar viTa-maSebTo. SegviZlia, magram arao. Cven mogeba gvindao da amitom, ise viTama-SebT, rom movigoTo. anu, e.w. beautiful game, maT fexburTs rom erqva odes-Rac. odesRac ki ara, sanam es TeTrT-miani kaci CaudgebodaT saTaveSi, ar gvindao, bolos da bolos msoflio Cempionoba gvindao, gegoneba, kargi fexburTiT Cempionobis cda ar SeiZ-lebodes. magaliTi gvaqvso, ambobdnen, 1974 welio, TviT kruifi, kroli da neeskensi ver gaxdnen Cempionebi am Seni beautiful game-iTo. hoda, axla esenic ver gaxdnen, urtyes espanelebs wixle-bi gulis ficarSi, iomes, ofli Rvares da bolos mainc waages.
saerTod, am Cempionatze egeTi Tama-Si sakmaod bevri iyo, erTi gundi gaZ-lebiT cdilobda meoris damarcxebas da rogorc wesi ar gamosdiodaT. ho-landielebis mwvrTnelma isic ki Tqva, ra gindaT, TiTqmis penaltebamde viya-viT misulebio.
xalxi sad ari da Cven ras velode-biT.
vaxtang ninuas personaJi damcinavad rom iwyebs moyolas filmSi `burTi da moedani~ da mere rom giJdeba: ra aris fexburTi? iamaniZem gadaawoda mesxs… mesxma moatyua erTi, moatyua meore, moatyua mesame... meoTxe, mekareeee!....
ho, fexburTi karga xania es aRar aris. aseTebi xdeba xolme, magram es namdvilad aRar aris.
erT-erT wina werilSi vivaraude, rom espanelebi mundials ver moigebd-nen imis gamo, rom Zalian mZime sezoni hqondaT, gadaRlilebi iyvnen da erT TveSi Svidi TamaSis umaRles doneze Catarebas ver SeZlebdnen. Zalian ma-grad Sevcdi, amis dasturad iniestas mier finalSi dafaruli TiTqmis 20 ki-lometric kmara.
is, rac espanelebma gaakeTes da holandielebmac da germanelebmac, ubralod araadamianuri Sromis Se-degia. albaT, 20-30 wlis win msgavsi ram warmoudgeneli iqneboda, Tan Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom maSin fexbur-Teli TamaSSi saSualod 6-7 kilome-trs darboda, plus damatebiTi drois maqsimum 3 kilometrs. maSin arc Sida da saerTaSoriso saklubo turnirebi iyo iseTi datvirTuli, rogoric _ dRes.
hoda, kidev erT werilSi vTqvi, rom dRevandeli fexburTi mirCevnia Zvels-meTqi. mirCevnia imitom, rom aseT vi-TarebaSi, roca fexburTi imaze metad aris damokidebuli fizikur monaceme-bze, vidre odesme iyo, fexburTele-bs mainc SeuZliaT lamazi fexburTis Cveneba. gadis bevrad lamazi golebi, ixveweba fintebi, swrafdeba driblin-gebi da am siswrafeSi ufro efeqturi sanaxavi xdeba TamaSic. roca burTic swrafia da Tan am burTs espaneli na-xevarmcvelebi mindorze agoraveben, erTi santimetriTac ki ar weven haerSi da gadacemebs erTi SexebiT akeTeben _ ar vici, amaze lamazi sanaxavi, ra unda yofiliyo!
es mundiali yvelaze logikurad dasrulda. oTxi wlis win italiis triumfs Zalian cota Tu iwinaswarme-
tyvelebda, 2002-Si ki saerTod _ fran-gebs fexis erTi moqneviT unda moegoT mundiali da am dros jgufidanac ver gavidnen. 98-Si, miuxedavad imisa, rom frangebi maspinZlebi iyvnen, aravin ar fiqrobda, rom Tass awevdnen.
met-naklebad logikurad dasrul-da 1994-is mundiali _ favorite-bi argentinelebi da brazilielebi iyvnen, maradonas efedrinis mimarT midrekilebam ki brazilielebs gza gauxsna. wlevandel mundials ki ori gamokveTili favoriti hyavda _ ar-gentina da espaneTi. argentinas isev maradonam umtyuna, 1994-is msgavsad, oRond aq kaifi arafer SuaSi ar yo-fila _ don diegom ubralod ar ico-da, ra cvlileba gaekeTebina gundSi. ise, argentinelebis favoritobac ma-radonas damsaxureba iyo da, ra Tqma unda _ leo mesis. Torem, gundi rom arafrad vargoda, yvelam vnaxeT _ pirvelive Zlier gundTan ususuri TamaSi aCvena. ai, espanelebi ki favo-ritTa siaSi samarTlianad lidero-bdnen, rac Sedegzec aisaxa.
urugvais `elitaSi~ dabrunebazec minda, vTqva. ar vfiqrob, rom es swori Sefasebaa. wlevandel urugvais Sevada-rebdi 98 wlis xorvatias, an 94 wlis bulgareTs an SvedeTs, an 92-is danias da 2004-is saberZneTs. erTi sityviT, eWvi mepareba, urugvauli fexburTi odesme yofiliyo elituri an awi iyos.
agvistodan evropaSi morigi Cempio-natebi iwyeba da rogorc yovelTvis, pirveli didi TamaSi inglisSi gaimar-Teba, `enfildze~ `arsenali~ Cadis, hoda 2014-mde im imediT gemSvidobe-biT, rom oTx Zalian magar sezons vna-xavT kunZulzec da materikzec.
visac unda moego, iman moigo da
espaneTi iseTi gundi iyo, romelic
Sedegs da siamovnebas erTad akeTebda.
47liberali . ivlisi 2010 . № 40
im dRes taqsi damWirda. kojorSi unda avsuliyavi da ori velosipedi wameRo Tan. saSinlad cxeloda. pirveli-ve farTo-sabarguliani danjRreuli `volvo~ gavaCere da mZRols davelaparake. oci lari momTxova. SevTanxmdiT. avuxseni, sadac vcxovrobdi da vTxove, erT saaTSi mosu-liyo. yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis telefonis nomeri gamo-marTva. droebiT davemSvidobeT erTmaneTs. is klientis saZebrad gabRuilda, me Cems saqmeebze. zustad erT saaTSi Cemi saxlis win videqi or velosipedze Camoyrdnobili da im kacs velodebodi. SeTanxmebul dros wuTi aklda, ezoSi rom Semodriginda. sanam is sabarguls amzadebda, me velo-sipedebTan vjaxirobdi. ̀ morCa, mzadaa! _ miTxra man mcire-oden xanSi, _ CavdoT~. pirveli, rac sabargulTan misulma davinaxe gazis balonebi iyo; ori mozrdili gazis baloni, erTimeoreze damontaJebuli. mainc sakmarisi adgili iyo velosipedebis dasawyobad. is-is iyo, pirveli velosipedis sabargulSi mosaTavseblad movemzade, rom raRac ucnauri xmauri Semomesma, SiSinis, ai iseTi, bavSvobaSi cxramaneTia-ni yviTeli burTebi rom gamoscemdnen, `kameris~ daziane-bisas. `iqidan, iqidan mouare, me aqedan viCaliCeb!~ _ raRac ucnaurad auwia xmas mZRolma da velosipeds daejajgura. `daica, _ SevaCere me, _ es ra xmaa?~ ̀ ra xmaa?~ _ gaikvirva da yuri miugdo. is raRac Tu viRac SiSins agrZelebda, Cven vusmendiT. velosipedi iqve boZze, xeze mivayude da yu-radRebiT mivaTvalier-movaTvaliere sabarguli. ho, rac megona, is iyo. erT-erT gazis balons gasdioda. `amas gazi gasdis!~ _ mivuniSne balonze.
`eh, Tu Zma xar, _ gamiRima man, _ aman SegaSina? sul ase davdivar da xom xedav, xoSianadac var!~
`ras ambob, kaco, _ aRvSfoTdi me, _ gazi gagdis manqana-Si! ar gesmis ra xmaa?~
`maica, ra, Zmao, _ Seicxada man, _ ori welia, ase davdi-var, vewevi, mgzavrebic ewevian da araferi momxdara. midi, midi, Caagde eg Seni valasapedi. qimiaSi xuTiani myavda~.
gazis xmauri axla ufro xmamaRla mesmoda. `qimia ra SuaSia? _ gavbrazdi, _ sad unda Cavjde, kaco,
amxela gza gvaqvs gasavleli!~
Cveulebrivi qalaquri ambavi
kaxa Tolordava
`Tu Zma xar, damijere, ar avfeTqdebiT, _ gameRrija is, _ Tbiliseli kaci var, rusebma veraferi gviqnes da am ba-lonma ra unda gviqnas?~
sakuTari argumenti ise moewona, rom gaeRima kidec. mere ki, rom mixvda am argumentiT verafers damaklebda, ganwi-rulma Semomxeda da gameRrija: ̀ Tu Zma xar, Cajeqi ra, kaci ara xar? qarTvelebi ara varT?~
axla ukve odnavi gamowveviT miyurebda. videqiT da usi-tyvod vuyurebdiT erTmaneTs. ar vici, is raze fiqrobda, me ki misma sityvebma Tomas dvorJaki gamaxsena, Cemi keTi-li megobari, sul rom meubneba, saqarTvelos qarTvelebis giJuri saqcieli daaklda, male belgielebad iqceviTo. im adamianebzec gavifiqre yoveldRe am manqanas rom aCereben da Cemgan gansxvavebiT ar ician, sabargulSi ra xdeba.
ukan, sabargulSi gazis baloni SiSinebda, Cven Svilebze vsaubrobdiT, maT momavalze, maTi aRzrdis sirTuleebze. is Tavis or qaliSvilze miyveboda, me ki Cems vaJiSvilze, maRla, kojorSi rom melodeboda. Cven erTad unda davS-vebuliyaviT velosipedebiT iqidan. trasiT. gazis SiSinis xmam kidev erTxel gamaxsena, rom vera da ver movabi Tavi damcveli ̀ Slemebis~ yidvas. Cem win, ̀ bardaCokis~ Tavze pa-tara xati iyo mikruli, xatis qvemoT ki warwera: ̀ damifare da Semiwyale~.
Cven, oriveni, im dRes namdvili qarTvelebi viyaviT.
qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi
videqiT da usityvod vuyurebdiT erTmaneTs. ar vici, is raze fiqrobda, me ki misma sityvebma Tomas dvorJaki gamaxsena, Cemi keTili megobari, sul rom meubneba, saqarTvelos qarTvelebis giJuri saqcieli daaklda, male belgielebad iqceviTo.