Awesome Arch By Cambridge Dragons Teyahnie DonaRaye Malika Clara Claudia Helped By Shannon andLuba
Jan 03, 2016
Awesome ArchBy Cambridge Dragons
Teyahnie
DonaRaye
Malika
Clara
Claudia
Helped By
Shannon andLuba
Overview• Goals
• Design Process
• Prototypes
• Final Design
• Building
• Math and Science
• Types of Bridges
Goals• Decide on topic and
final design• Work as a team• Learn woodshop
and computer skills• Finish on or ahead
of time• Stay within budget
Design Process• Brainstorm
• Optical illusions• Amusement park • Bridges
• Topic selection• Talk with client
• Types of bridges• Suspension• Arch• Cable Stay• Draw• Truss
• Research/prototypes
Prototype #1
• Paper bridges• Invented different
bridges to test strength
Prototype #2
• Cardboard• To figure out
dimensions relative to exhibit space
Prototype #3
• Wood• To experiment with
large model• To get accustomed to
working with wood
Prototype #4
• Foam• To test our own
shapes of arches
• To prototype the actual bridge
Final Design
• A flat-topped arch that kids can assemble and walk on
• Pictures of famous bridges
• Text about the forces acting on bridges
Some Bridge Vocabulary• Abutment: A concrete structure used for support at
either end of a bridge, receiving the thrust from the ends of an arch. The abutment resists the compression from the arch.
• Arch: A curved structure which supports weight at its center by distributing compression down to the ground at its end.
• Compression: The effect of a force, which tends to shorten an object in the direction of the force.
• Keystone: The central wedge-shaped block at the top of an arch that holds the other pieces in place.
• Tension: The effect of a force, which tendsto lengthen an object by pulling it apart.
Building and Materials• Construction Steps
• Sketches and Hand-drawings
• Learning to use tools• Paper and foam models• Cutting, sanding,
assembling, staining pieces
• Materials• Maple Appleply wood• Nails, screws and glue• Stains and polyurethane
Working in the Woodshop
• Transfer design to wood and cut with saber saw.
• Assemble pieces with drills and the screw guns.
• Hand and power sanding to smooth edges and sides.
Final Steps•Attach supports to base.
• Color stain each piece.
• Build the center template.
Math We’ve Learned and Used
• Fractions
• Drawing to scale
• Angles
• Volume + Area
• Calculated circumference
r= radiusCircumference = 2r
Science• Forces
• Force = Mass x Acceleration
• Tension• Compression• Load
• Material Science• Modulus of Elasticity• Failure/Fracture
Dimension design using AutoCAD
Examples of Bridges
• Arch• Suspension• Cable Stay• Truss• Drawbridge
Arch Bridge• Can be combined
with other types• Each piece of an
arch is used to support the load
• An arch uses the force of compression
Suspension Bridge
• Spans long distances over water
• Cables act in tension to support the load
• Cables connect from the bridge deck to the main cables
Cable Stay• Spans long distances • Cables connect from
the bridge deck to the towers
• Cables act in tension to support the load
• Towers act in compression
Truss Bridge• Members act in both tension and compression
• Triangles are the main shape
• Is combined with other bridge styles
Drawbridge
• Trusses are the main shape
• Movable decks to allow ships to pass
• Shorter towers used• Spans short
distances
Special thanx to…..