Alan Brinkley, American History 14/e Chapter 5: The American Revolution.

Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, American History American History 14/e14/e

Chapter 5: Chapter 5: The American RevolutionThe American Revolution

HighlightsHighlights

The States UnitedThe States United The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence War and SocietyWar and Society The Creation of State GovernmentsThe Creation of State Governments The Search for a National GovernmentThe Search for a National Government

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The States UnitedThe States United

Defining American Defining American War AimsWar Aims– Olive Branch PetitionOlive Branch Petition– Common SenseCommon Sense

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Common SenseCommon Sense (Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

The States UnitedThe States United

The Decision for The Decision for IndependenceIndependence– The Declaration of The Declaration of

IndependenceIndependence Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

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Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson (Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

The States UnitedThe States United

Responses to IndependenceResponses to Independence– Divided AmericansDivided Americans– Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation

Mobilizing for WarMobilizing for War– Financing the WarFinancing the War– General George General George

WashingtonWashington– Foreign AssistanceForeign Assistance

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George Washington at Valley ForgeGeorge Washington at Valley Forge (The Palma Collection/Getty Images)(The Palma Collection/Getty Images)

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

– American AdvantagesAmerican Advantages Fighting on their own groundFighting on their own ground Patriots deeply committedPatriots deeply committed

The First Phase: New EnglandThe First Phase: New England– Bunker HillBunker Hill– Invasion of CanadaInvasion of Canada

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The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

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The Revolution in the North, 1775-1776The Revolution in the North, 1775-1776

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

The Second Phase: The Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic RegionThe Mid-Atlantic Region– British Take New YorkBritish Take New York– Britain’s StrategyBritain’s Strategy– Patriot Victory at SaratogaPatriot Victory at Saratoga– British BlundersBritish Blunders

The Iroquois and the BritishThe Iroquois and the British– Divisions in the Iroquois ConfederacyDivisions in the Iroquois Confederacy

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The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

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The Revolution in the Middle Colonies, 1776-1778The Revolution in the Middle Colonies, 1776-1778

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

Securing Aid from AbroadSecuring Aid from Abroad– Militia DiplomatsMilitia Diplomats– Pivotal French AidPivotal French Aid

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Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin (Portrait Gallery)(Portrait Gallery)

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

The Final Phase: The SouthThe Final Phase: The South– Revolutionary Consequences of the Southern Revolutionary Consequences of the Southern

CampaignCampaign– Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene– YorktownYorktown

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British surrender to British surrender to WashingtonWashington

(Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

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The Revolution in the South, 1778-1781The Revolution in the South, 1778-1781

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

Winning the PeaceWinning the Peace– Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris

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A map presented to A map presented to Benjamin Franklin by the Royal Benjamin Franklin by the Royal

Cartographer of France, showing Cartographer of France, showing the 1783 Treaty boundaries the 1783 Treaty boundaries

(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

War and SocietyWar and Society

Loyalists and MinoritiesLoyalists and Minorities– The Loyalists’ PlightThe Loyalists’ Plight– Weakening of the Weakening of the

Anglican ChurchAnglican Church– Strengthening of the Strengthening of the

Catholic ChurchCatholic Church

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Tarring and feathering (Library of Congress)

War and SocietyWar and Society

The War and SlaveryThe War and Slavery– African American Desire for FreedomAfrican American Desire for Freedom– Tension between Liberty and SlaveryTension between Liberty and Slavery

Native Americans and the RevolutionNative Americans and the Revolution– Taking SidesTaking Sides– Growing Divisions among the IndiansGrowing Divisions among the Indians

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War and SocietyWar and Society

Women’s Rights and Women’s RolesWomen’s Rights and Women’s Roles– Women of the ArmyWomen of the Army– Calls for Women’s RightsCalls for Women’s Rights– A Strengthened A Strengthened

Patriarchal Patriarchal StructureStructure

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Women of the RevolutionWomen of the Revolution (Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

War and SocietyWar and Society

The War EconomyThe War Economy American trade suddenly on its ownAmerican trade suddenly on its own Yankee privateersYankee privateers

– New Patterns of TradeNew Patterns of Trade

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The Creation of State GovernmentsThe Creation of State Governments

The Assumptions of RepublicanismThe Assumptions of Republicanism– Importance of Civic VirtueImportance of Civic Virtue– Persistent InequalityPersistent Inequality

The First State ConstitutionsThe First State Constitutions– Written Constitutions and Strong LegislaturesWritten Constitutions and Strong Legislatures

Did not embrace direct popular ruleDid not embrace direct popular rule

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The Creation of State GovernmentsThe Creation of State Governments

Revising State GovernmentsRevising State Governments Problem of too much democracyProblem of too much democracy

– Shift to Strong ExecutivesShift to Strong Executives

Toleration and SlaveryToleration and Slavery– Statute of Religious LibertyStatute of Religious Liberty

Slavery survived in southern and border statesSlavery survived in southern and border states

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The Search for a National The Search for a National GovernmentGovernment

The ConfederationThe Confederation– Limited Power of the National GovernmentLimited Power of the National Government

Confederation lacked adequate powerConfederation lacked adequate power

Diplomatic FailuresDiplomatic Failures– Postwar Disputes with Britain and SpainPostwar Disputes with Britain and Spain

John AdamsJohn Adams

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The Search for a National The Search for a National GovernmentGovernment

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The Conflict over Western LandsThe Conflict over Western Lands

The Search for a National The Search for a National GovernmentGovernment

The Confederation and the NorthwestThe Confederation and the Northwest– The Ordinances of 1784 and 1785The Ordinances of 1784 and 1785– The GridThe Grid– Northwest OrdinanceNorthwest Ordinance

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The Search for a National The Search for a National GovernmentGovernment

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Land Survey: Ordinance of 1785Land Survey: Ordinance of 1785

The Search for a National The Search for a National GovernmentGovernment

Indians and the Western LandsIndians and the Western Lands– Battle of Fallen TimbersBattle of Fallen Timbers

Debts, Taxes, and Daniel ShaysDebts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays– Postwar DepressionPostwar Depression– Political Disputes over Economic IssuesPolitical Disputes over Economic Issues– Shays’s RebellionShays’s Rebellion

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