1 Company Confidential – Do Not Distribute Respiratory Protection Training.

1Company Confidential – Do Not Distribute

•Respiratory Protection Training

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EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

Evacuation Procedure in the event of a fire

Trigger the Fire Alarm system by “pulling” or “pushing” the switch, long and loud sound will be heard.

All employees, contractors and visitors must evacuate the building from the nearest fire door as soon as the alarm is heard.

If visitor, let your guide Trane employee leads you to the nearest exit.

Walk fast but do not run. Do not stop to return or pick up personal

belongings until informed it is safe to do so. Proceed to designated Assembly area,

remain and follow instructions.

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In the event of a Fire

R-Remain calm, do not panic. Rescue person in immediate danger.

A-Alarm, Activate the nearest Manual Fire Alarm Switch

C-Contain fire at point of origin by closing all doors and windows. Extinguish fire by using a portable fire extinguisher. (Unless you have been properly trained, never attempt to use a fire extinguisher)

E-Evacuate the facility using establish procedure.

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In the event of an Earthquake

DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting next to a sturdy table or

other piece of furniture until the shaking stops. If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover

your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of the building.

Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall, such as lighting fixtures or furniture.

Note: If the walls are crumbling and the ceiling is falling in… In these conditions, the triangle of life created when a bookshelf, wall or part of a ceiling falls against a large piece of furniture is your best chance of not getting crushed.

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In an event of Chemical Contamination Ask for assistance from any Trane

personnel Wash contaminated clothing and body part

under running water within 15 minutes. Use eyewash, shower station if available.

STAY CALM, DO NOT PANIC!

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PURPOSE:1

Identify the Respiratory

Hazards

2Understand the contaminants’

effect on workers’health

3Select the

appropriate respirator

4Train in proper respirator use

and care

Four-Step Method

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What are Respiratory Hazards?

Airborne ContaminantsParticlesGases and Vapors

Oxygen Deficiency

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What are Airborne Contaminants?Particles•Dust: solid particles

Dusts are formed as solid materials are broken into smaller particles, such as by drilling, sanding crushing or grinding.

The smaller the dust, the longer it hangs in the air and the easier it is to inhale.

Common dusts come fromAsbestos, Fiberglas and Ceramic

Insulation materialsAluminum, Galvanized Metal and

Stainless SteelCoal and Carbon ProductsMinerals and oresWood products

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What are Airborne Contaminants?Particles

Metal fumesOccur in high-heat operations,

such as in welding and certain

other types of metalworking

Metal is melted, vaporized and

quickly cooled in air

Form very fine, small, solid

particles that float in air

Are often oxides of the

vaporized metal

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What are Airborne Contaminants?

GasesGases are substances that are

neither liquids nor solids at room temperature and pressure.

Gases can travel far and fast from their source, often undetected

Gases occupy the space one places them in such as a cylinder.

Common examples areAmmonia (NH3)

Carbon Monoxide (CO)Chlorine (Cl2)

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)

Liquid Propane Gas (LPG)Ozone (O3)

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What are Airborne Contaminants?

VaporsEvaporated from liquids or solids

SolventsAcetoneBenzene Isopropyl AlcoholMineral Spirits and Naphtha

Products containing solventsAdhesivesGluesPaints

Mercury

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Occurs when the percentage of oxygen in the air falls below a specified level< 19.5% by volume (US)

Caused by oxygen consumption (chemical reaction, welding, fire)

Other chemicals displace oxygen from the air (e.g. degreasing tanks)

Often a concern in confined spaces (e.g. tanks, silos)

Usually considered Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

Nitrogen78%

Oxygen21%

Other Gases

1%

How airborne contaminants occurs?

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Measure Exposure Concentration

•Personal sampling– Sample is taken in worker’s

breathing zone to estimate actual worker exposure

•Area sampling– Used to assess concentration at a

certain area or point Investigate confined spaces At contaminant source to estimate

worst case exposure In middle of the room to evaluate

effectiveness of general exhaust ventilation

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Low

Occupational Exposure Limits

Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)

Ceiling, Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

8 hr Time Weighted Average (TWA)

Action Limit

HighC

on

ce

ntr

ati

on

15 minute Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

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2Understand the contaminants’

effect on workers’health

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Anatomy of the Lung

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Importance of Lungs

Surface area of alveoli is equivalent to the area of a tennis court

Alveolar membrane is extremely thin (0.2 um) (equivalent length of 10-6 meters.)

Used to transfer oxygen to blood and remove carbon dioxide

Can also collect contaminants and/or distribute them to the rest of the body (systemic effects)

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Inhalation Toxicology

AcuteImmediate response from a single short exposure

Coughing, dizziness, nausea, sneezing, vomitingAcute effects aid in detection of exposure

ChronicDelayed response from repeated exposure to low

levelsDecreased lung function, damage to other organsCaused by workplace exposure, living environment or life

style (e.g., diet, drugs, tobacco)Gradual process, so may be difficult to detect

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Normal Lung

Very elasticEasy expansion and contraction

The coloration of this illustration is due to iron - siderosis

minimal damaging effect

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Cadmium Exposure

Emphysema

Symptoms:Difficult breathinglack of airlikely to lead to

cancer

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Air Pollution Lung

City air pollution42 years old; unknown cause

Color contrast lung tissue is evident - caused by air pollution

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Foundry lung

36 years of exposure in a foundry

Classic Silicosis63 years of ageDeath by Cor Pulmonale

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Welder’s Lung

34 years of exposure to welding fumes

Siderosis and fever; fibrosisdeath at 52 years of age - cause unknown

discoloration of pulmonary lung tissue

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Mesothelioma - Cancerous lung

15 years of exposure to asbestos - textiles

Asbestosis and mesothelioma (cancer of membranes that line chest and abdomen)

42 years of age at deathpulmonary cancer - cancer of the pleura

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Smoker’s Lung with Cancer

White area on top is the cancer, this is what killed the person.  The blackened area is just the deposit of tars that all smokers paint into their lungs with every puff they take.

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3Select the

appropriate respirator

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Hierarchy of Hazard Control Techniques•Engineering Controls – Change the process - eliminate the hazard– Substitute a less hazardous material– Enclose or isolate the operation or the worker– Use local exhaust ventilation

•Administrative controls – Train workers on safe operating procedures – Use good housekeeping practices– Rotate employees in/out of exposed areas– Conduct medical monitoring

•Personal protective equipment– Only if other methods are not feasible, adequate or

while they are being implemented

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Respirator ClassesAir Purifying Atmosphere Supplying

Half Mask

Full Facepiece

Powered Air Purifying(PAPR)(half mask, full facepiece, loose fitting facepiecehelmets or hoods)

Supplied Air(half mask, full facepiece, loose fitting facepiecehelmets or hoods)

Self Contained Breathing Apparatus

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Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) Environments

Unknown environments Oxygen deficient

environments or concentrations > IDLH

Self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or combination Supplied Air/SCBA (ESCBA)

Escape respirators (contaminant specific)

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Non-IDLH Atmospheres

Chose a particle and/or gas/vapor filter that will filter all of the selected contaminants

If no suitable filter, then need supplied air respirators

Cartridges or filters vary by country

Select a respirator with an Assigned Protection Factor (APF) greater than the hazard ratio– APF is the amount that a respirator may reduce

exposure e.g by a factor of 10, 100 etc.– APF is a function of respirator type and in some

cases the type of cartridge or filter that is used

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Supplied Air

Half mask 50

Full facepiece 1,000

Loose fitting facepiece

Hood or helmet 1,000

US APFs (as an example)

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Non-IDLH Atmospheres

•Particulate Contaminants– Atmosphere supplying respirator

SCBA Supplied air respirator

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Carbon derived from coconut shells or coal.

Crushed and conditioned at high temperatures, low oxygen levels.

Activated Carbon

Creates extensive network of internal pores and large internal surface areas.

Organic vapors adsorb into micropores Micropores may be treated to react with certain

gases and vapors (acid gases, ammonia, etc.)

Not for filtering particles!

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Cartridge Change Out Schedules • Must have warning properties below exposure limit, otherwise use supplied air respirators– Odor, taste, or irritation not always reliable indicators of

end of service life

• US OSHA– Regulations with mandatory change schedules for

acrylonitrile, benzene, butadiene, formaldehyde, methylene chloride, vinyl chloride

– End of service life indicator (ESLI), or– Service Life Software™ on 3M website

Helps determine when customers need to change cartridge

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Other Concerns Regarding Selection• Comfort• Facial fit (multiple sizes?)• Maintenance (reusable vs. disposable)• Non respiratory hazards

– Impact protection (head, eye, face)– Visible and UV light (e.g., welding)– Splash or eye irritation

• Compatibility with other PPE• Communication• Medical fitness of wearer• Mobility requirements• Facial hair

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4Train in proper respirator use

and care

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Training• Why respirator is necessary– Contaminants– Health effects

• Limitations and capabilities of the respirator– Helps reduce exposure to ______– Does not reduce exposure to ______– (If applicable) Does not supply oxygen

• Demonstrate how to put on the respirator and have them practice

• Need to properly fit, maintain and wear respirator in order for it to work properly

• Decontamination of Respirator

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User Seal Checks

Positive Pressure

• To be conducted each time before entering contaminated environment

Negative Pressure