WWII 1939-1945. Key People Hitler (Germany) Mussolini (Italy) Hideki Tojo (Japan) Emperor Hirohito (Japan) De Gaulle (France) Roosevelt (US)

WWIIWWII1939-1945

Key PeopleKey People Hitler (Germany) Mussolini (Italy) Hideki Tojo (Japan) Emperor Hirohito (Japan) De Gaulle (France) Roosevelt (US) Churchill (Great Britain) Stalin (Soviet Union)

Hitler and MussoliniHitler and Mussolini

Countries/AlliancesCountries/Alliances Axis Powers- Germany, Italy, and

Japan Allied Powers- Originally Britain,

France, and China; later joined by US and USSR

VocabularyVocabulary Fascism Appeasement Blitz Genocide Concentration Camp Holocaust

Long-term CausesLong-term Causes MAIN WWI/ Treaty of Versailles Worldwide Economic Depression Rise of Fascism Weak League of Nations Munich Pact Appeasement

Worldwide Economic DepressionWorldwide Economic Depression

Immediate CausesImmediate Causes Japan invaded China Italy invaded Ethiopia German Aggression in Europe Appeasement Germany invades Poland

Aggression of Fascist Aggression of Fascist NationsNations

Source: Herblock, May 13, 1941 (adapted)

Japanese Invade Manchuria, 1931Japanese Invade Manchuria, 1931

Italy Invades Ethiopia in Italy Invades Ethiopia in 19351935

“It is us today. Tomorrow it will be you….God and history will remember your judgment.”- Haile Selassie

Japanese Invade China, Japanese Invade China, 1937 1937

Germany invades CzechoslovakiaGermany invades Czechoslovakia

Munich PactMunich Pact “We will have peace in

our time”~British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain after negotiating peace with Hitler

Hitler gets to keep all the countries in Europe he took over as long as he promises not to invade anymore countries

Cartoon about Munich PactCartoon about Munich Pact

AppeasementAppeasement

Spineless DemocraciesSpineless Democracies

KristallnachtKristallnacht Night of the Broken

Glass November 9, 1938 Jewish owned

stores, synagogues, homes were looted and burned by Nazi storm troopers as they shouted “Death to the Jews” and “Revenge for Paris”

Germany invades PolandGermany invades Poland

WWII begins!!!!

London BlitzLondon Blitz

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression PactNazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

Hitler signs an agreement with Stalin not to touch the Soviet Union invades Soviet Union in 1941 (Operation Barbarossa)

Japanese attack on Pearl HarborJapanese attack on Pearl Harbor

US declares warUS declares war December 7th- “a

day that will live in infamy”

Pres. Roosevelt declared war on Japan on Dec. 8 1941.

Kamikaze Pilots (suicide pilots)Kamikaze Pilots (suicide pilots)

Bataan Death MarchBataan Death March

Unit 731: Nightmare in ManchuriaUnit 731: Nightmare in Manchuria

The Rape of Nanking and The Forgotten Holocaust

D Day- June 6, 1944D Day- June 6, 1944

VE Day- May 8, 1945VE Day- May 8, 1945

Immediate EffectsImmediate Effects Hitler and common

law wife commit suicide

Mussolini and mistress Clareta Petacci are hung in Milan

Holocaust exposedHolocaust exposed

Bombing of Hiroshima and NagasakiBombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

US bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan

In total, 110,000 killed immediately;

100, 000’s would die in the years to follow of cancer and radiation poisoning

VJ Day- September 2, 1945VJ Day- September 2, 1945 Japan surrenders

agrees to dismantle its military and become a democracy

Occupation of JapanOccupation of Japan The US occupied Japan

until 1952. A Constitutional

Monarchy was established.

The Japanese Constitution set up a parliament, The Diet, and protected civil liberties.

Japan lost its overseas empire

Creation of the UNCreation of the UN United Nations-

International organization with member nations whose goal is to promote world peace

Founded October 24, 1945

Universal Declaration of Human RightsUniversal Declaration of Human Rights

Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. . . .

Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. . . .

Article 19: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. . . .

— The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

““Never Again”Never Again” See Upfront, March

16, 2009- Op-ed piece- “Never Again, For Real”

Nuremberg TrialsNuremberg Trials War crime trials

held in Nuremburg after World War II to try the surviving Nazis concerning the Holocaust, aggressive war making, and mistreatment of prisoners among other things.

Occupation of GermanyOccupation of Germany Germany was

occupied by the Allied forces after WWII.

Britain, France, and the US occupied West Germany and the Soviet Union occupied East Germany

Democracy in West Democracy in West GermanyGermany

With the help of the West, Germany’s armed forces were disbanded, a democratic constitution was written, the Nazi Party was outlawed and Nazi war criminals were put on trial.

Creation of the State of Creation of the State of IsraelIsrael

“. . . The Nazi holocaust, which engulfed millions of Jews in Europe, proved anew the urgency of the re-establishment of the Jewish state, which would solve the problem of Jewish homelessness by

opening the gates to all Jews and lifting the Jewish people to equality in the family of nations. . . .” (Zionism)

Beginning of Cold WarBeginning of Cold War

-VS-

US

Soviet Union

Long-term EffectsLong-term Effects Mideast Peace Crisis Cold War Arms Race Space Race Colonial Independence Movements

Space RaceSpace Race

Arms RaceArms Race Source: Ellis and

Esler,World History: Connections to Today, Prentice Hall, 2001 (adapted)

Capitalism v CommunismCapitalism v Communism Source: Student

Artwork: Shaneekwa Miller, Fashion Industries High School (adapted)

Colonial Independence Movements Colonial Independence Movements and the Collapse of Imperialismand the Collapse of Imperialism

Independence movements in colonies of the European powers gained momentum after WWII. Examples include India, Vietnam, and Rwanda.

Some former colonies adopted communism as they blamed the West for their problematic history, thereby siding with the Soviet Union. Some sided with the US because they needed help to rebuild, and some, like India, followed a policy of non-alignment ( form no alliances).

Connections to TodayConnections to Today Age of Terrorism Global Warming

Global WarmingGlobal Warming Source: Dan

Wasserman, Tribune Media Services, Inc

TerrorismTerrorism Source: John Trever,

Albuquerque Journal, Sept. 2001, adapted