Visual communication and Visual stereotypes

Instead of being presented with stereotypes by age, sex, color, class, or religion, children must have the opportunity to learn that within each range, some people are loathsome and some are delightful.

Margaret Mead, 1901–1978 Anthropologist, Author, Educator

Prepared by Danielle Oser, APR

Promotes a stereotypical perception that all individuals with muscular dystrophy use wheelchairs

Insensitivity to the disease sufferers? Pity approach to fund-raising?

Pictorial stereotypes often become misinformed perceptions that have the weight of established facts

Culture tells us what we should do to get along within a particular society as well as what our actions mean to others

• Men

• People who Need Wheelchairs

Movies like “Big Momma’s House”, “Norbit” and “Madea’s Family Reunion” reinforce stereotypes of African American women

From A New York Governor Candidate’s E-mail

From An Orange County Political Figure’s E-mail

• African Americans

Fraternity Party At Oklahoma State University, 2002

Nooses At A Tolerance Rally At CSUF, 2007

To make it as an African American they must be entertainment or sports heroes

Early Arab stereotypes were reinforced by cartoons

Positive Arab folktales become fodder for stereotypes in the hands of the Entertainment sector

After 9/11 Arab Americans were the targets of hate-based violence

As early as 1910 the Asian character fu Manchu reinforced the evil stereotype

Asian’s on television are hard to find and often fill the “bad guy” role

• Asians

• Asians

Spanish Olympics basketball team “honors” Chinese host

“Frito Bandito”

Sold corn chips in the 60s

Cartoon penguins are sorted into ethnic communities in Happy Feet

Speedy GonzalesPerpetuate

stereotypes

• Women

Women received the right to vote in 1920

Father Knows BestWomen should serve

their husbands, raise children

The inequality between men and women is apparent in advertisements

• Women

“The longer you wait … the better it gets”

• Women

• Women

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LBGT) is one of the few groups that can be discriminated against legally

Introduces mainstream audiences to storylines that that transcend stereotypes

The “Don’t ask, Don’t tell” military policy allowing lesbians and gays to serve in the military as long as no one know of their orientation was lifted in 2011

Kevin Keller, A New Character In The “Archie” Comic Book, 2010

Native Americans introduced tobacco to European explorers – thus the “cigar store Indian” became the symbol

Today they are seen as demeaning

Native American Stereotypes

“The Last Drop of Water” 1911

Scenes of ambushing Indians

An argument against using Native American names for sports teams is collateral use

Fans from opposing teams often use racial slurs and obscene depictions based on the image

It is becoming possible to find images in the media that are positive examples of previously stereotyped groups

muslim superhero: silver scorpion

Praised for showing an everyday lifestyle activity in which race does not matter

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A high school cheerleading teen breaks the stereotype

A Separation, 2011

Academy Award Winner, Best Foreign Language Film

Amreeka, 2009

Counters stereotypes

Makes a point against the stereotypes

Dove created the “Self Esteem Fund” is a movement to attempt to address female appearance issues

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ei6JvK0W60I

v magazine promo

stereotypes: native

When the media regularly celebrates diversity with words and images instead of concentrating on conflict and stereotypes the goal to end prejudice, racism and discrimination is that much closer to being reached