Transcript
Diabetes Atlas:What behind numbers
Nam H. Cho, MD,PhD,CCD
Professor & Chairman of Preventive Medicine
Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon Korea
President - Elect, International Diabetes Federation
Chairman of IDF Diabetes Atlas Committee
There are three
main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes
and gestational diabetes
Poorly managed
diabetes
leads to serious
complications and early death
With good self-management and
health professional
support, people with diabetes can
live a long, healthy life
Diabetes: A global emergency
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Estimated number of people with diabetes worldwide and per region in 2015 and 2040 (20-79 years)
Diabetes around the world
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Men and women with diabetes
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
≈52
Diabetes in urban and rural environments
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
65%74.5%
Diabetes prevalence by IDF region
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
IDF regions by age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%) of diabetes (20-79 years), 2015 and 2040
AFR – Africa regionEUR – European regionMENA – Middle East and North African regionWP – West Pacific region
NAC – North American and Caribbean regionSACA – South and Central American regionSEA – South East Asia region
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Middle East and North Africa
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
One in 7 adults have diabetes in Egypt
Diabetes (20-79 years)2015 2040
Number of people with diabetes
(diagnosed and undiagnosed)
7.8 million
(3.8-9.0 million)
15.1 million
(7.3-17.3 million)
Raw country prevalence14.8%
(7.2-17.1%)
17.8%
(8.6-20.4%)
Mean diabetes-related expenditure per person
with diabetesUSD 219 USD 218
Number of adults with undiagnosed diabetes3.2 million
(1.5-3.7 million )
6.2 million
(3-7.1 million)
Percent of undiagnosed diabetes 41.20%
Number of deaths due to diabetes78,200
(42,000-87,800)
Percent of deaths before age 60 43.60%
Top 10 countries
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Top ten countries/territories for number of people with diabetes (20-79 years), 2015 and 2040
One in two adults with
diabetes is
undiagnosed
Undiagnosed diabetes
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Undiagnosed diabetes
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Proportion and number of people (20-79 years)living with diabetes who are undiagnosed, 2015
IDF region Proportion undiagnosed Number of undiagnosed people with diabetes
Methodology
How the number was calculated?
Methodology
Methodology
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Number of data sources reviewed
Countries and territories where data sources were reviewed with information on diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in adults (20-79 years)
Methodology
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Number of data sources selected
Countries and territories for which data sources were selected for diabetes estimates in adults (20-79 years)
Methodology
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Countries and territories with data sources that used oral glucose tolerance tests to estimate diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance prevalence (20-79 years)
Number of data sources selected
Methodology
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Number of data sources selected
Countries and territories with data sources less than five years old used for estimating diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance prevalence (20-79 years)
Poorly managed
diabetes leads to
serious
complications and
early death
5.0 million people
died from diabetes
in 2015
Equivalent to one
death every six
seconds
Diabetes around the world
Diabetes accounted
for 14.5% of global
all-cause mortality
among people aged
20 to 79
46.6% of
deaths were
in people
under the
age of 60
Diabetes around the world
Africa
South East Asia
Middle East and North Africa
Western Pacific
South and Central America
North America and Caribbean
Europe
Diabetes and Economy
Estimating diabetes-related health expenditures
To estimate the health expenditures due to diabetes, the following
inputs were used:
1. IDF Diabetes Atlas estimates of diabetes prevalence
2. United Nations population estimates
3. WHO annual health expenditures
4. WHO mortality rates
5. The ratios of healthcare expenditures for people with
diabetes compared to people without diabetes
The ‘R=2’ estimates assume that health care expenditures for
people with diabetes are on average two-fold higher than people
without diabetes
12% of global
health
expenditure is
spent on
diabetes
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Proportion of total health expenditure estimated to be spent on diabetes (20-79 years), R=2*, 2015
*The R=2 estimates assume that healthcare expenditures for people with diabetes are on average two-fold higher than people without diabetes
AFR – Africa regionEUR – European regionMENA – Middle East and North African regionWP – West Pacific region
NAC – North American and Caribbean regionSACA – South and Central American regionSEA – South East Asia region
Health Expenditure on diabetes
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
An estimated
average of
1,622 USD per
person with
diabetes was
spent on
diabetes-related
health
expenditures in
2015
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Health Expenditure on diabetes
Global health spending to treat diabetes
55%
673
802
415
642
Global estimates of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy
Hyperglycaemia is the most common metabolic condition in pregnant women
Can affect both mother and child with potentially serious complications
Complications
Birth complications
post partum haemorrhage
hypertensive disorders
obstructed labour and caesarean section
preeclampsia
infant macrosomia
Mother
An increased lifetime risk of
developing T2DM
Child
An increased risk of developing
T2DM later in life
GDM diagnostic criteria
Table can be found in: Linnenkamp U, Guariguata L, Beagley J, Whiting DR, Cho NH. The IDF Diabetes Atlas methodology for estimating global prevalence of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014;103:186–96.
No studies
1 study2 studies3-7 studies
>7 studies
• 108 studies from 55 countries included
Studies selection
20.9 million of women worldwide
85.1%
7.4%7.5%
other diabetes detectedprior to pregnancy
other diabetes detectedin pregnancy
GDM
Global burden of HIP
16.2% of live births
Global burden of HIP
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
-
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
AFR EUR MENA NAC SACA SEA WP
Age
-ad
just
ed
pre
vale
nce
, %
Ab
solu
te n
um
be
r o
f ca
ses
Mill
ion
s
Regional estimates of HIP in women age 20-49 years by IDF region, 2015
Cases of hyperglycaemia in preganancy Age-adjusted regional prevalence
Age-adjusted global prevalence
South-East Asia6.7 million (32% of all cases globally)
the highest prevalence - 26.3% (24.2% crude)
Regional figures
AFR – African regionEUR – European regionMENA – Middle East and North African regionWP – West Pacific regionNAC – North American and Caribbean regionSACA – South and Central American regionSEA – South East Asia region
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
-
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49
Pre
vale
nce
of
hy[
erg
lyca
em
ia in
pre
gnan
cy
Cas
es
of
hyp
erg
lysa
em
ia in
pre
gnan
cy/m
illio
n
Woman's age in pregnancy
Absolute and relative number of hyperglycaemia cases globaly, 2015
Cases of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy Prevalence of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy
Age-dependent prevalence
50.2%
41.3%
8.5%
20-29 30-39 40-49
50.2% cases in women aged 20-29 years
Distribution of cases of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in women by age groups, 2015
Age-dependent prevalence
88% cases in middle- and low-income countries
Regional figures
LIC 9.9%
MIC 78.1%
HIC 12.0%
Distribution of cases of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in women aged 20-49 by World Bank
country income groups, 2015
LIC MIC HIC
LIC – Low-income countriesMIC – Middle-income countriesHIC – High-income countries
5 million people died
from diabetes Every 2 seconds 1 new DM
IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition
Conclusion
• No disease has impacted human life stronger than Diabetes
• Costs are greater than any other disease
• Threaten more life than any other disease
• Diabetes is currently unstoppable
• Early Diagnosis and management is the best remedy
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