Transcript
Science Year 4
Unit 6 :
The Earth And The Universe
Lesson 1 :
Our Solar SystemThe Universe
The Earth
Our Solar System
NeptuneUranus
Saturn
Jupiter
OuterPlanets
MarsEarthVenusMercury
InnerPlanets
Sun
Comet
Asteroid Belt
The Sun
Is a star, a hot ball glowing gases at the heat of solar system.
Largest object in the solar system.
Without the sun’s intense energy and heat, there would be no life on Earth.
Convection Zone
Radiation Zone
Core
Photosphere
Corona
Mercury Closest planet to the Sun. The Smallest planet in the
solar system. Heavily cratered surface
can reach 801 F ( 427 C ) No atmosphere to trap the
heat, night time temperatures plummet to -279 F ( -173 C )
。 。
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Venus( earth’s sister planet)
Similar to Earth in size and mass.
Its atmosphere is primarily carbon dioxide.
Permanent blanket of clouds traps heat, creating surface temperatures hot.
Reflective cloud cover makes it the brightest.
Earth( The big blue marble )
The only planet to support life.
Is a complex system of air, water, and land.
Thin and dynamic veil of atmosphere.
Rapid spin and molten nickel-iron core give rise to a magnetic field.
Mars( the red planet)
Rocky planet’s surface has seen volcanoes, meteor impacts, shifting tectonic plates, and huge dust storms.
Seasonal temperature fluctuations.
Jupiter( the giant )
Largest planet. Mainly hydrogen and helium
atmosphere resembles that of our sun.
Saturn( the ringed planet )
Gas giants. Made of hydrogen and
helium. Has 3 wide rings.
Uranus( the blue planet )
Spins on a axis that often points directly at the sun.
Methane gas in its atmosphere.
Neptune( the outermost planet )
Bright blue coloring from methana gas in its atmosphere.
Pluto( celestial snowballs )
Dwarf Planets. In 2006, petite Pluto was stripped of
its planet status and down graded to dwarf planet.
Asteroid belt
Between Mars and Jupiter.
asteroid
Chunks of rock that travel around the sun.
comet
meteor
Balls of rock and ice that grow tails as they approach the sun.
Gas and dust are expelled and trail behind them as it heat up.
Meteorite impacts velocities
Tiny rocks which probably come from the asteroid belt.
Meteorite impacts velocities.
PlanetDistance from
Sun ( million Km )
Mass of Planet( x1022 kg)
Time for 1 Orbit of Sun
( days )
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
58 33 88
108 487 224.7
150 598 365.2
228 64.2 687
778 109,000 4,332
1,429 56,900 10,760
2,871 8,690 30,700
4,504 10,280 60,200
5,913 1.49 90,600
Exercise1. What is the closest planet to the Sun?2. What planet is famous for the beautiful
rings that surround it?3. What is the hottest planet in our solar
system?4. Can humans breathe normally in space as
they can on Earth?5. Is the planet Neptune bigger than Earth?6. What planet is known as the red planet?7. Is the sun a star or a planet?8. Who was the first person to walk on the
moon?9. Does the sun orbit the Earth?10.What is the name of the force holding us to
the Earth?
Mercury
Saturn
Venus
No
Yes
MarsA star
Neil ArmstrongNoGravity
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