National perspective to reduce nutrient emissions from the ...awsassets.panda.org/downloads/gabbs_presentation_busse___schul… · 13.11.2015 National perspective on the production
Post on 24-May-2020
1 Views
Preview:
Transcript
For our Environment
National perspective to reduce nutrient
emissions from the production and
consumption of agricultural goods into the
Baltic Sea
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea 5-6 November 2015
Dr. Dietrich Schulz Federal Environment Agency, Germany
Introduction
• Agriculture is one of the main sources of nutrient inputs into the Baltic
Sea.
• The Baltic Sea Action Plan was published in 2007.
• Country allocated reduction targets (CARTs) were revised in 2013.
Carts (in tons p.a.) for total N and P emissions into the Baltic Sea
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective to reduce nutrient emissions from the production and consumption … 2
Nitrogen Phosphorus
Denmark 2,890 38
Estonia 1,800 320
Finland 2,430 +600* 330 +26*
Germany 7,170 +500* 110 +60*
Latvia 1,670 220
Lithuania 8,970 1,470
Poland1 43,610 7,480
Russia 10,380* 3,790*
Sweden 9,240 530
Reduction trends
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 3
Baltic Sea
Sub-basin
Maximum
Allowable Inputs
In tonnes
Reference inputs
1997-2003
In tonnes
Needed
reductions
In tonnes
Average norm. N
and P input 2010-
2012 in tonnes
Remaining
reduction reaching
MAI in tonnes
TN TP TN TP TN TP TN TP TN TP
Kattegat 74,000 1,687 78,761 1,687 4,761 0 63,685 1,546 0 0
Danish
Straits
65,998 1,601 65,998 1,601 0 0 53,545 1,514 0 0
Baltic
Proper
325,000 7,360 423,921 18,320 98,921 10,960 370,012 14,651 45,012 7,291
Bothnian
Sea
79,372 2,773 79,372 2,773 0 0 72,846 2,527 0 0
Bothnian
Bay
57,622 2,675 57,622 2,675 0 0 56,962 2,824 0 149
Gulf of
Riga
88,417 2,020 88,417 2,328 0 308 91,257 2,341 2,840 321
Gulf of
Finland
101,800 3,600 116,252 7,509 14,452 3,909 116,568 6,478 14,768 2,878
Baltic Sea 792,209 21,716 910,344 36,894 118,134 15,178 824,875 31,883 62,621 10,64
Maximum allowable annual inputs of N and P per sub-basin and needed reduction
Nitrogen input into surface waters (Germany and Odra Basin)
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective to reduce nutrient emissions from the production and consumption … 4
Nitrogen input into surface water bodies 1983 - 1987
Nitrogen input into surface water bodies 2003-2006
Phosphorus Inputs into surface water bodies
• PLC 5.5 report shows further decreases of nutrient inputs in a number of
sub-basins
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective to reduce nutrient emissions from the production and consumption… 5
Phosphorus input into surface water bodies 2003 - 2006
Phosphorus input into surface water bodies 1983 – 1987
Current status of BSAP
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 6
• Generally spoken: Indicators show that we are on a good way.
• This should give us motivation to continue and possibly increase our
efforts.
• Legislative tools to reduce nutrient emissions from agriculture to the
environment are in the process of sharpening in Germany.
• Details are still not yet fixed, but there are some clear tendencies relevant
also for the Baltic Sea:
1. Ordinance on fertilizer application (Düngeverordnung)
2. Ordinance on installations for substances hazardous to water (AwSV)
3. Clean Air legislation
Ordinance on fertilizer application (Düngeverordnung)
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 7
• Farmers are obliged to do nutrient bookkeeping, calculate balances ex
post and document their fertilizer planning ex ante.
• Tolerable nitrogen surplus will be lowered to 50 kg/ha (surface balance),
tolerable phosphate (P2O5) surplus to 10 kg/ha.
• Incorporation of manure into arable land within 4 hours.
• Fertilizer application after harvest only allowed if winter crops or
intercrops (catch crops) are cultivated.
• Regulations should enter into force in January.
Ordinance on installations for substances hazardous to water (AwSV)
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 8
• Ordinance covers all installations where substances with negative
impacts on water quality are stored and handled.
• In the draft version storage tanks for slurry and manure are included as
well as silage installations.
• When ordinance is set into force:
• New manure tanks among others must have a leakage monitoring
system.
• Old manure tanks have to pass a test for tightness within 12 years.
• Solid manure will have to be stored in appropriate devices to avoid
nutrient leaching from slurry.
Clean Air Legislation
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 9
• About 1/3 of the nitrogen load of the Baltic Sea enters via long range air transport and
wet and dry deposition.
• Our current ammonia emissions exceed the tolerable national emission ceiling of 550
kt p.a.
• Additional measures have to be taken to reduce ammonia emissions and come in line
with the NEC-Directive.
• Incorporation of manure during 4 hours and obligatory air purification for intensive
livestock farms under the IED-Directive will be introduced.
• Air purification for large pig and poultry farms will be defined as best available
technology and become obligatory within our clean air legislation (TA Luft)
• Cattle farms are not yet included under the sectors covered by the IED-Directive, but
EU-COM will examine the need and possibilities.
• Annex III Part 2 of HELCOM Convention recommends BAT and BEP also for cattle
installations with 600 and more places.
Sustainable Consumption aspects
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 10
1. Extend ecological farming
• No application of mineral fertilizers (and plant protection products)
• Number of animals must be in a sound relation to the area available
for solid manure uptake
• Supported by second pillar schemes
• Directed to water protection areas to safeguard groundwater quality
in some cases.
• Currently ecofarming covers a 6-7 % share of our agriculturally used
area (in Germany).
• Ecofarming can provide valuable contributions to solve
eutrophication problems of the Baltic Sea and therefore should
consequently be encouraged and gradually extended by appropriate
instruments.
Sustainable Consumption aspects
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 11
2. Reduce food waste:
• Considerable losses of agricultural products along the entire value-
added chain.
• 1/3 of food produced globally is not used for human or livestock
consumption (FAO)
• Studies revealed that in Germany up to about 11 Mio. tons of food
per year are just thrown away and up to 50% of all food waste is
considered to be avoidable.
Sustainable Consumption aspects
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 12
3. Sharpen and implement political instruments:
• Consistent and efficient control by public institutions in all fields
relevant for environmental protection.
• Private entrepreneurship should use available data in a better way
than now.
• Improvements of data availability and data transfer can also be a
valuable tool to minimize bureaucracy for farmers.
Conclusions
Fight eutrophication of the Baltic Sea and reach the targets set in the
Baltic Sea Action Plan !!
• Concentrations of nutrients close to natural levels,
• Clear water,
• Natural level of algal blooms,
• Natural distribution and occurrence of plants and animals and
• Natural oxygen levels.
To meet these objectives a better control and more efficient use of
nutrients are required.
Instruments and their improvements is a permanent challenge. Farmers
can play an important role,
Baltic Farmers of the Year are the lighthouse examples!!
A Greener Agriculture for a Bluer Baltic Sea
13.11.2015 National perspective on the production and consumption of agricultural goods 13
13.11.2015 / Hier steht der Veranstaltungstitel in 12 Punkt 14
Thank you for your attention Dr. Dietrich Schulz
dietrich.schulz@uba.de
top related