Transcript
PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie CookCopyright © 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved.
THE MANAGERIAL PROCESS Clifford F. Gray
Eric W. LarsonThird Edition
Project ManagementProject Management
Lecture 4 Developing a Project Plan
Activity on Node (AON)
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Learning Objectives
• At the end of this topic you will be able to:
–Draw the Activity on Node (AON) network
–Analyze the Activity on Node (AON) network
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Comparison of AON and AOA
Methods
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Introduction of AON
• Node of AON
• No free float
Earliest Start Latest Start
Label, Description, Resources
Duration Total Float
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Formula of AON Analysis
• EFT = EST + Duration
• LST = LFT – Duration
• LFT = LST + Duration
• Total Float = Latest Start Time – Earliest Start Time
Latest Start TimeEarliest Start Time
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Activity-on-Node Fundamentals
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Activity-on-Node Fundamentals (cont’d)
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Network Information
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Koll Business Center—Complete Network
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Network Computation Process
• Forward Pass—Earliest Times
–How soon can the activity start? (early start-EST)
–How soon can the project finish? (expected time-EFT)
• Backward Pass—Latest Times
–How late can the activity start? (late start-LST)
–How late can the activity finish? (late finish-LFT)
–Which activities represent the critical path?
–How long can it be delayed? (total float-TF)
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Network Information
TABLE 6.2
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Activity-on-Node Network
Application approval
5
Service check
5
Traffic study
10
Commission approval
10
Wait for construction
170
Construction plans
15
Staff report
15
Occupancy
35
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Activity-on-Node Network Forward Pass
Occupancy
35
Application approval
5
Service check
5
Traffic study
10
Commission approval
10
Wait for construction
170
Construction plans
15
Staff report
15
0
5
5
5
20
20
30
200
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Activity-on-Node Network Backward Pass
Application approval
5
Service check
5
Traffic study
10
Commission approval
10
Wait for construction
170
Construction plans
15
Staff report
15
Occupancy
350
5
15
10 30
185
20
200
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Determining Slack (or Float)
• Slack (or Float)
–The amount of time an activity can be delayed after
the start of a longer parallel activity or activities.
• Total slack
–The amount of time an activity can be delayed without
delaying the entire project.
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Activity-on-Node Network with Total Float
Occupancy
35
Application approval
5
Service check
5
Traffic study
10
Commission approval
10
Wait for construction
170
Construction plans
15
Staff report
15
0
5
5
5
20
20
30
200
Application approval
5
Service check
5
Traffic study
10
Commission approval
10
Wait for construction
170
Construction plans
15
Staff report
15
Occupancy
350
5
15
10 30
185
20
200
0 0
1650
5
10
0
0
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Summary Table
No. Activity Description Duration
(weeks)
Earliest
Start Time
(EST)
Latest
Start Time
(LST)
Earliest
Finish
Time
(EFT)
Latest
Finish
Time (LFT)
Total Float
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Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the critical path?
2. How long does it take to finish the project?
3. What are the total float for the non-critical
activities?
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Two Errors in Logic
1. Looping
2. Dangling
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Illogical Loop
FIGURE 6.9
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Dangling
K
M
L
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Extended Network Techniques
to Come Close to Reality
• Laddering
–Activities are broken into segments so the following
activity can begin sooner and not delay the work.
• Lags
–The minimum amount of time a dependent activity
must be delayed to begin or end.
• Lengthy activities are broken down to reduce the delay in the start of successor activities.
• Lags can be used to constrain finish-to-start, start-to-start, finish-to-finish, start-to-finish, or combination relationships.
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ANY QUESTIONS?
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