Industrial revolution
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The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Industrial Revolution Section 1Less mortality
Population growth
Agricultural revolution
Enclosures
Fertilizers
Confiscation
Farming machinery
Comunications
Roads
Canals and navegable rivers
Improvement in the trade with the colonies
Athlantic triangle
Industrial hand labour
(workers)
More capital: growth of banks
More agricultural productivity Extensive
crops: cotton
Industrial Revolution
Railways
machinery
Steam Machine Raw materials:
coal
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Reading Focus
• Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain? How?
• How did industrialization cause a revolution in the production of textiles?
• How did steam power the Industrial Revolution?
• Where did industrialization spread beyond Great Britain?
Main Idea
In the 1700 conditions in Great Britain led to the rapid growth of the textile industry, which in turn led to huge changes in many other industries.
A New Kind of Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Britain’s Big Advantage
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain.
• It had essential elements for economic success
• Factors of production
– Land
– Labour
– Capital
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Agricultural revolution
Factors for Success
• Exploration and colonialism: raw materials
• Seapower• Political stability• Government support• Growth of private
investment
• Research and development on farms
• Jethro Tull, seed drill• Improved livestock
breeding• Better varieties of food
crops– Increased production– Population grew
• Enclosure movement: specialization and productivity
• Less workers needed in rural areas.
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Seed drill
gg
Combine harvester,
is a machine that harvests grain crops
More production led to more capital , more
banks and more investment
Enclosure act
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Consequences:
• Capital is invested in new industries, specially textile industries
PEOPLE from
rural areas
emigrated to towns.
Towns grew incredibly
More need of
transport : Steam machine
Used in trains ,
ships and machines
Need of
raw materials
and fossil fuels:
COAL mines
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
• Steam engines needed large amounts of fuel
• Wood scarce
• Coal mining industry
• Changing landscapes
• Dangers of mining
Coal for Steam Engines
• First successful steam engine in 1712
• Innovations by James Watt 1736 – 1819
• Steam power versus water power
• Steam locomotives
• Steamships
Development of Steam Engine
Steam Powers the Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Steam TractorSteam Tractor
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Steam ShipSteam Ship
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
An Early Steam LocomotiveAn Early Steam Locomotive
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Impact of the Railroad
The Impact of the Railroad
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Railroads on the Continen
t
Railroads on the Continen
t
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Raw materials and fossil fuels needed:
COAL IRON
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Young Coal MinersYoung Coal Miners
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Child Labor in the Mines
Child Labor in the Mines
Child Child “hurriers”“hurriers”
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830
Age of Worker Male Wages Female Wages
under 11 2s 3d. 2s. 4d.
11 - 16 4s. 1d. 4s. 3d.
17 - 21 10s. 2d. 7s. 3d.
22 - 26 17s. 2d. 8s. 5d.
27 - 31 20s. 4d. 8s. 7d.
32 - 36 22s. 8d. 8s. 9d.
37 - 41 21s. 7d. 9s. 8d.
42 - 46 20s. 3d. 9s. 3d.
47 - 51 16s. 7d. 8s. 10d.
52 - 56 16s. 4d. 8s. 4d.
57 - 61 13s. 6d. 6s. 4d.
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Richard Arkwright: Pioneer of the Factory System”
Richard Arkwright: Pioneer of the Factory System”
The “Water Frame”The “Water Frame”
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Factory ProductionFactory Production) Concentrates production in oneConcentrates production in one
place [raw materials, labor and place [raw materials, labor and machinery].machinery].
) Located near sources of power Located near sources of power
) Requires a lot of capital Requires a lot of capital investmentinvestment[factory, machines, etc.][factory, machines, etc.]
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Mine, Coalfields & Industrial
Areas
Mine, Coalfields & Industrial
AreasCoal is more Coal is more
powerful than powerful than waterwater..
Iron is more Iron is more powerful than powerful than wood.wood.
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Factory SystemThe Factory System
Rigid schedule.Rigid schedule.
12-14 hour day.12-14 hour day.
Dangerous conditions.Dangerous conditions.
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Textile FactoryWorkers in England
Textile FactoryWorkers in England
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Power LoomThe Power Loom
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Industrial StaffordshireIndustrial Staffordshire
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The New Industrial CityThe New Industrial City
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Early 19 century
London
Early 19 century
London
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
The Life of the New Urban Poor:
A Dickensian Nightmare!
The Life of the New Urban Poor:
A Dickensian Nightmare!
The Industrial Revolution Section 1“Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life“Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau
Riche
19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau
Riche
The Industrial Revolution Section 1
Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851
ExhibitioExhibitions of the ns of the
new new industriaindustrial utopia.l utopia.
The Industrial Revolution Section 1Less mortality
Population growth
Agricultural revolution
Enclosures
Fertilizers
Confiscation
Farming machinery
Comunications
Roads
Canals and navegable rivers
Improvement in the trade with the colonies
Athlantic triangle
Industrial hand labour
(workers)
More capital: growth of banks
More agricultural productivity Extensive
crops: cotton
Industrial Revolution
Railways
machinery
Steam Machine Raw materials:
coal
The Industrial Revolution Section 1Consequences of the Industrial Revolution
The new Industrial
city
Urban transformations
Pollution
Living conditions
Protest movements
The workers' movement
Marxism
Anarquism
Theory of capitalism:
protagonistsDavid Ricardo
Adam Smith
Thomas Malthus
Industrial Revolution in
the World
The Industrial Revolution Section 1Compare
Before The Industrial Revolution
After The Industrial Revolution
Power energy
Social classes
Cities
Systems of production
Economy (trade, capital, businesses, etc.)
Transportation
Population
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