Day 73
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Day 73
1.2 The Biosphere and Energy
ZOO
• Zoo
• Zoo
• Zoo
• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• To sustain a camp fire, you need ________
• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• To sustain a camp wire, you need wood
• To drive a car, you need to _______
• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• To sustain a camp wire, you need wood
• To drive a car, you need to gas
• To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues
• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• To sustain a camp wire, you need wood
• To drive a car, you need to gas
• To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues
• All these examples show a different fuel, BUT they in a sense they come from the same source
`• All activities require a source of energy – a fuel
• To sustain a camp wire, you need wood
• To drive a car, you need to gas
• To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues
• All these examples show a different fuel, BUT they in a sense they come from the same source – solar energy that is converted to chemical energy
Photosynthesis (plants get food without hunting!)
Water + Carbon Dioxide
reacts together with thermal energy (light) from sun to produce
Oxygen + Glucose (sugar)
Photosynthesis
It produces 100 to 200 billion tonnes of sugar each year
(3.0x10^17 sugar cubes)
!
• Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen
(Opposite equation of photosynthesis)
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
Chlorophyll
is a pigment that absorbs energy from light and gives the plants their green colour
Chlorophyll
is a pigment that absorbs energy from light and givens the plants their green colour
Wherever there are chlorophyll-containing organisms, oxygen is generated
Tropical forests (only cover 5% of Earth’s surface) are responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis
Tropical forests (only cover 5% of Earth’s surface) are responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis
Oceans are also responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis
• Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energy
• Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energy
Primary producers (organisms) that make their own food
• Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energy
Primary producers (organisms) that make their own food
Consumers (organisms) that can’t
• Biomass is the total mass of living organisms in a defined group or area
• Biomass is the total mass of living organisms in a defined group or area
• Trophic efficiency is a measure of the amount of energy or biomass transferred from one trophic level to the next higher trophic level
• Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen
(Opposite equation of photosynthesis)
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
• Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen (aerobic conditions)
(Opposite equation of photosynthesis)
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
Cellular Respiration
• Even though photosynthesis produces glucose (sugar) which is food for plants, it needs to be broken down and consumed to give the plant energy cellular respiration completes that process
• Fermentation occurs when oxygen is absent (anaerobic condition) – organisms like bacteria and fungi use fermentation to release the energy in glucose
Carbon Dioxide and Greenhouse Gases
• Greenhouse gases
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