Circulation human heart shortened and revised
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Circulation
Unit 11 – Body Systems
Circulation Blood travels to
every cell in the body – Delivers O2,
nutrients, energy– Removes wastes
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Capillaries of head
and arms
Pulmonary arteryAorta
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary veinCapillaries
of right lung
Capillaries of left lung
Capillaries of lower body
Circulation in Humans
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Capillaries of head
and arms
Pulmonary arteryAorta
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary veinCapillaries
of right lung
Capillaries of left lung
Capillaries of lower body
4 chambered heart Double –loop Pulmonary
Circulation: blood is pumped from the right side of the heart to the lungs
Systemic Circulation: blood is pumped to the body
Human Heart Hollow muscular organ Surrounded by a protective sac called
pericardium Myocardium - muscle in the heart
walls A septum divides the heart in half Each side has 2 chambers
– Atrium (upper) receives blood– Ventricles (lower) pump blood OUT of the heart
Valves keep blood flowing in the right direction
Human Heart
Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve• Prevents backflow from the left ventricle into the atrium
Septum
Right Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve• Prevents backflow between the right atrium and ventricle
Right Atrium
Pulmonary Artery• Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Valve• Prevents backflow between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Pulmonary Veins• Carries oxygenated blood from lungs BACK to the heart
Aortic Valve• Prevents backflow into the left ventricle from the aorta
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Superior Vena Cava• Large vein which brings O2 poor blood from upper body to the right atrium
Inferior Vena Cava• Large vein which brings O2 poor blood from upper body to the right atrium
Aorta• Brings oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Blood Vessels
Blood Vessels -Veins Veins have valves Return blood to the heart
Blood Vessels - Arteries Carry blood Away from the heart Blood is under the highest
pressure in the arteries– Thick muscular walls– Elastic
Artery disease may lead to heart attack or stroke
Blood Vessels - Capillaries Smallest vessels, only one cell thick Diffusion occurs between capillaries and
all cells Gas exchange
What is Blood Pressure?
Pressure exerted by blood against artery walls
Systolic – force when ventricles contract
Diastolic – force felt when ventricles relax
Normal 120/80
What is Heartbeat?
Controlled by the SA Node or “Pacemaker”
How is Heartbeat Measured?
Lymphatic System
Collects fluid that leaks from the blood, and returns it to the circulatory system
Lymph flows through vessels Lymph nodes trap bacteria
Lymphatic System
Two Organs– Spleen removes
old RBCs – Thymus - site
where T-cells mature
Superior vena
cava
Lymph nodes
Thymus
HeartThoracic duct
Spleen
Lymph vessels
Components of Blood
55% Plasma 45% cellular
components– Red Blood Cells
(RBC)– White Blood Cells
(WBC)– Platelets
Components of Blood What does each component look like?
What is the structure? What is the function of each
component? (plasma, RBC, WBC, platelets)
How does structure determine function? Which cells are the most numerous? What is the scientific name for each cell
type?
Components of Blood Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
– Iron containing hemoglobin binds O2
– Disc shape increases surface area– Most numerous cell type
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)– Fight infection– Largest blood cell, least numerous
Platelets (Thrombocytes)– Release chemicals to clot blood– Small cellular fragments
Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets
Blood Types
Incompatible blood types will result in agglutination (clumping)
Blood Types
A, B, AB, and O
OAnti-A &Anti-B
NoneO
ABA, B, AB and O
NoneABAB
B and AB
O and BAnti-ABB
A and AB
O and AAnti-BAA
Can Donate To…
Can Receive Blood From…
Antibodies in Plasma
Antigens on RBC’s
Blood Type
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