Transcript
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONMARIA SUBERT
DEFINING NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Nonverbal communication is the
process of using wordless messages
to generate meaning.Includes nonword vocalizations.
ELECTRONIC FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
People who communicate through
electronic forms of communication
invented to communicate feelings
and emotions by using emoticons.
MANY OF OUR FIRST IMPRESSIONS OCCUR NONVERBALLY
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE WORDS
By using them, we
repeat
emphasize
complement
contradict
substitute our words
and regulate our interactions with others.
REGULATING
Regulating: using nonverbal codes to monitor and control our interactions, For example, you look away when someone is talking to you.
AMBIGUITY
The ambiguity of non-verbal communication
occurs for two reasons:
First, the same code can communicate many meanings. (Touching the other’s nose mean different things between father and his baby, two lovers, or fighting teenagers.)
AMBIGUITY
On the other hand,
variety of codes can
communicate the same meaning.(Think of the different forms of greetings.)
NONVERBAL CODES:
Nonword vocalizations
bodily movements
facial expressions
physical attraction
use of space
use of time
Touch
and clothing.
KINESICS
Kinesics: the study of bodily movements such as posturegesturefacial expressions.
LIKING
We express liking by
forward leaning
direct body orientation
close proximity
increased touching
relaxed posture
open arms and body
positive facial expression
and direct eye contact.
STATUS
High status is communicated by
bigger gestures,
relaxed posture,
and less eye-contact.
RESPONSIVENESSResponsiveness:
expressed by movement toward the
other person,
spontaneous gestures,
shift in posture and position,
and facial expressions.
MOVEMENT
Eckman categorized movement as emblems, illustrators, affect displays, regulators and adaptors.
EMBLEMS & ILLUSTRATORS
Emblems: nonverbal movements that substitute for words and phrases
(such as beckoning first finger to mean “come here”)
Illustrators: nonverbal movements that accompany or reinforce verbal messages
(Shaking your fist when saying “Get out of here!”)
AFFECT DISPLAY & REGULATORS
Affect display: nonverbal movements of the
face and body used to show emotions.Regulators: movements that control the flow or pace of
communication (looking away when you are not interested)
ADAPTORS
Adaptors: Nonverbal movements that you might perform fully in private but only partially in public.
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS & BODILY MOVEMENT
Facial expressions are important in conveying
information to others and in learning how others are
feeling. Bodily movement and orientation
add to that information by
suggesting how intense the feeling
might be.
PHYSICALLY ATTRACTION
People who are physically attractive are privileged
over those who are not physically attractive.
This bias is stronger for women that for men
PROXEMICS: THE STUDY OF HUMAN USE OF SPACE AND DISTANCE
TERRITORIALITY:
Territoriality: the need to establish and maintain certain spaces as your own.
PERSONAL SPACE
Personal space: the personal “bubble” that moves around with you.The distance you maintain between you and the others.
Men tend to take more space, women less.
CHRONEMICS: TEMPORAL COMMUNICATION
Chronemics:
The way people organize and use time
and the messages related to it. Monochromic people make one task at a time Polychronic people work on several tasks at a time
TACTILE COMMUNICATION
Tactile communication is the
use of touch in communication. Insufficient touching can lead
to health disorders
VOCAL CUES: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION INCLUDES SOME SOUNDS, AS LONG THEY ARE NOT WORDS
They are paralinguistic features. Vocal cues or vocalic communication consist ofpitch (highest and lowest of one’s voice), rate (how rapid or slow you speak), inflection (variety or changes in pitch), volume (loudness or softness of your voice), quality huskiness, nasality, raspiness or whininess), nonword sounds (mm, huh, ahh), pronunciation Saying the word correctly), articulation coordinating the mouth, tongue ant teeth to make a word understandable), enunciation (combining articulation and pronunciation to produce a word with clarity), silence (lack of sound).See Nonverbal Communication: Vocal Cues and Facial Expressions at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrJMVK6O2GI
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