Ch4 nonverbal communication power point

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONMARIA SUBERT

DEFINING NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

Nonverbal communication is the

process of using wordless messages

to generate meaning.Includes nonword vocalizations.

ELECTRONIC FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

People who communicate

through electronic forms

of communication

invented to communicate

feelings

and emotions by using

emoticons.

MANY OF OUR FIRST IMPRESSIONS OCCUR NONVERBALLY

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE WORDS

By using them, we repeatemphasizecomplementcontradictsubstitute our words

and regulate our interactions with others.

REGULATING

Regulating: using nonverbal codes to monitor and control our interactions, For example, you look away when someone is talking to you.

AMBIGUITY

The ambiguity of non-verbal communication

occurs for two reasons:

First, the same code can communicate many meanings. (Touching the other’s nose mean different things between father and his baby, two lovers, or fighting teenagers.)

AMBIGUITY

On the other hand,

variety of codes can

communicate the same meaning.

(Think of the different forms of greetings.)

NONVERBAL CODES:

Nonword vocalizationsbodily movements facial expressionsphysical attractionuse of spaceuse of timeTouchand clothing.

KINESICS

Kinesics: the study of bodily movements such as posturegesturefacial expressions.

LIKING

We express liking by forward leaningdirect body orientationclose proximity increased touching relaxed postureopen arms and bodypositive facial expressionand direct eye contact.

STATUS

High status is communicated by

bigger gestures,

relaxed posture,

and less eye-contact.

RESPONSIVENESSResponsiveness:

expressed by movement toward the

other person,

spontaneous gestures,

shift in posture and position,

and facial expressions.

MOVEMENT

Eckman categorized movement as emblems, illustrators, affect displays, regulators and adaptors.

EMBLEMS & ILLUSTRATORS

Emblems: nonverbal movements

that substitute for words and phrases

(such as beckoning first finger to mean “come here”) Illustrators: nonverbal movements

that accompany or reinforce verbal messages

(Shaking your fist when saying “Get out of here!”)

AFFECT DISPLAY & REGULATORS

Affect display: nonverbal movements of the

face and body used to show emotions.Regulators: movements that

control the flow or pace of communication

(looking away when you are not interested)

ADAPTORS

Adaptors: Nonverbal movements that you might perform fully in private but only partially in public.

FACIAL EXPRESSIONS & BODILY MOVEMENT

Facial expressions are important in conveying information

to others and in learning how others are feeling.

Bodily movement and orientation add to that

information by suggesting how intense the

feeling might be.

PHYSICALLY ATTRACTION

People who are physically attractive

are privileged over those who are

not physically attractive.

This bias is stronger for women that for men

PROXEMICS: THE STUDY OF HUMAN USE OF SPACE AND DISTANCE

TERRITORIALITY:

Territoriality: the need to establish and maintain certain spaces as your own.

PERSONAL SPACE

Personal space: the personal “bubble” that moves around with you.The distance you maintain between you and the others.

Men tend to take more space, women less.

CHRONEMICS: TEMPORAL COMMUNICATION

Chronemics:

The way people organize and use time

and the messages related to it. Monochromic people make one task at a time Polychronic people work on several tasks at a time

TACTILE COMMUNICATION

Tactile communication is the

use of touch in communication. Insufficient amount of

touching can lead

to health disorders

VOCAL CUES: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION INCLUDES SOME SOUNDS, AS LONG THEY ARE NOT WORDS

Vocal cues or vocalic communication consist of

pitch (highest and lowest of one’s voice)

rate (how rapid or slow you speak)

inflection (variety or changes in pitch)

MORE VERBAL CUES

volume (loudness or softness of your voice)

quality (huskiness, nasality, raspiness or whininess),

nonword sounds (mm, huh, ahh)

pronunciation Saying the word correctly),

articulation (coordinating the mouth, tongue ant teeth to make a word understandable)

… AND MORE VERBAL CUES

enunciation (combining articulation and pronunciation to produce a word with clarity)

silence (lack of sound).See Nonverbal Communication: Vocal Cues and Facial Expressions at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrJMVK6O2GI