Alan Brinkley, American History 14/e Chapter 1: The Collision of Cultures.

Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, American History American History 14/e14/e

Chapter 1: Chapter 1:

The Collision of CulturesThe Collision of Cultures

HighlightsHighlights

America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English

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America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus

The Peoples of the Precontact AmericasThe Peoples of the Precontact Americas– The “Clovis” PeopleThe “Clovis” People– Archaeologists and Population DiversityArchaeologists and Population Diversity– The “Archaic” PeriodThe “Archaic” Period

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North American MigrationsNorth American Migrations

America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus

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How the Early North Americans LivedHow the Early North Americans Lived

America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus

The Mayan pyramid The Mayan pyramid of Kukulkanof Kukulkan

(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

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America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus

The Growth of Civilizations: The SouthThe Growth of Civilizations: The South IncasIncas MayasMayas MexicaMexica

Iroquois womenIroquois women (Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

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America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus

The Civilizations of the NorthThe Civilizations of the North– Complex and Varied Complex and Varied

CivilizationsCivilizations Hunting, gathering, fishingHunting, gathering, fishing CahokiaCahokia

– Mobile SocietiesMobile Societies

Tribal CulturesTribal Cultures– Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution

Gender rolesGender roles

Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Commerce and NationalismCommerce and Nationalism– A Reawakening of CommerceA Reawakening of Commerce– Centralized Nation-StatesCentralized Nation-States– Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the Navigator

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Marco Polo leaves Marco Polo leaves for the Far East for the Far East

(Bibliothèque Nationale (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)de France)

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus

(Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)

Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus– Columbus’s First VoyageColumbus’s First Voyage– Religious Motives for Religious Motives for

ExplorationExploration– Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan

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European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

The ConquistadoresThe Conquistadores– CortCortéés Conquers the Aztecss Conquers the Aztecs– Brutality and Greed Brutality and Greed

Spanish AmericaSpanish America– Ordinances of DiscoveryOrdinances of Discovery– Catholic MissionsCatholic Missions

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Spanish AmericaSpanish America

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Pueblo Ruins in New MexicoPueblo Ruins in New Mexico (CORBIS/Royalty-Free)(CORBIS/Royalty-Free)

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Northern OutpostsNorthern Outposts– St. Augustine (1565)St. Augustine (1565)– Santa Fe (1609)Santa Fe (1609)– Pueblo Revolt of 1680Pueblo Revolt of 1680

– Assimilation andAssimilation andaccommodationaccommodation

Mexico, California, and Mexico, California, and Florida, 1600 Florida, 1600

(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

De Soto in North America De Soto in North America (Rare Books Division, (Rare Books Division,

Library of Congress)Library of Congress)

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

The Empire at High TideThe Empire at High Tide– Spain’s Vast EmpireSpain’s Vast Empire– Rigid Royal ControlRigid Royal Control– A Collision of CulturesA Collision of Cultures

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges– Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange– Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe– Deliberate Subjugation and ExterminationDeliberate Subjugation and Extermination– New Crops and Agricultural TechniquesNew Crops and Agricultural Techniques– A Complex Racial HierarchyA Complex Racial Hierarchy– Varied Labor SystemsVaried Labor Systems

1633 map of Atlantic 1633 map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

Africa and AmericaAfrica and America– Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali– Benin, Congo and Benin, Congo and

SonghaySonghay– Matrilineal SocietiesMatrilineal Societies– Growth of the African Growth of the African

Slave TradeSlave Trade

Europe and West Africa in the Fifteenth CenturyEurope and West Africa in the Fifteenth Century

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Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward

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The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English

– John CabotJohn Cabot

The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive– The Enclosure MovementThe Enclosure Movement– Chartered CompaniesChartered Companies– MercantilismMercantilism– Richard Hakluyt’s Argument for ColoniesRichard Hakluyt’s Argument for Colonies

John CalvinJohn Calvin (Portrait Gallery)(Portrait Gallery)

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The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English

The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive– Doctrine of Doctrine of

PredestinationPredestination– The English The English

ReformationReformation– Puritan SeparatistsPuritan Separatists– Puritan DiscontentPuritan Discontent

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The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English

The English in IrelandThe English in Ireland– Subjugation of IrelandSubjugation of Ireland– The Plantation ModelThe Plantation Model

The French and the Dutch in AmericaThe French and the Dutch in America– Coureurs de BoisCoureurs de Bois– Henry HudsonHenry Hudson– New AmsterdamNew Amsterdam

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The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English

The First English SettlementsThe First English Settlements– The Spanish ArmadaThe Spanish Armada– Gilbert’s Expedition to NewfoundlandGilbert’s Expedition to Newfoundland

RoanokeRoanoke– The First Roanoke ColonyThe First Roanoke Colony– New Colonial ChartersNew Colonial Charters