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702132/702835 European Architecture B

cultures in collision

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INDIAINDIA

Cathedral of S. Thomé, Madras, India, C16thJ F Butler, 'India and the Far East', in Gervis Frere-Cook [ed], The Art and Architecture of Christianity

(Cleveland [Ohio] 1972 [British edition, 1972, as The Decorative Arts of the Christian Church]), p 256, fig 2

Holy Cross Church, Verna, Goa (1568)

Later reredos

BB & H Lewis

St Alex, Curtorim,

rebuilt 1647 (1597)

BB & H Lewis

Church at Quilon, Kerala, south of Cochin, pre-1600Church near Ajengo, south of Cochin, C18th

BB & H Lewis

detail of the Schoolhouse in Admiralgade, Tranquebar,

completed 1741

Sten Nilsson, European Architecture in India 1750-1850 (London 1968), pl 4

Factory of the United East India Company in Bengal, painting by H Van Schuylenburg, 1665

Dutch Arts, June 1990, no page

MACAUMACAU

view of the central part of Macau from Penha Hill, anonymous painting, late C18thG C C Tsang, Historical Pictures (2nd ed, [Hong Kong Museum of Art] Hong Kong 1994 [1991]), p 54

Church of St Paul, Macau, 1602 (destroyed by fire 1835)Tsang, Historical Pictures, p 66

St Paul, Macao

the surviving façade

Change, December 2002 – January 2003, p 35

LATIN AMERICALATIN AMERICA

Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18thSao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira, 1774-1804

Toman, Baroque, p 121; Kubler, Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal, pl 62

Sao Francisco de Assisi,

Salvador de Bahia, Brazil,

1710

the chancel

MUAS 1,881

the World in 1715Colin McEvedy, Penguin Atlas of

Modern History, pl 61

Antigua University, Guatemala: courtyard, 1763Miles Lewis

Antigua University, Guatemala

courtyard, 1763detail of arcading

Miles Lewis

Santa Clara, Antigua, Guatemala, rebuilt 1734, close view of the façade

Miles Lewis

Santa Clara, Antigua, Guatemala, rebuilt 1734, detail of the façadeMiles Lewis

Convent of La Recoleccion, Antigua,

1701-25detail of ‘Mayan false

arch’ vaulting

Miles Lewis

Xecul, Guatemala: San Andres and upper churchMiles Lewis

San Andres Xecul: detail of the façadeMiles Lewis

Church of Ocotlan, Puebla, Mexico, C18th

Colóquio Artes, 60 (March 1984), p 33

S Francisco de Asis, Ranchos de Taos, 1772Church at Taos Pueblo,

New Mexico, ?1704

Jeff TurnbullMUAS 14,456

adobe building near San Miguel de la Escalada, Spain

Miles Lewis

oldest House in Santa Fé, New Mexico, ?C16thJeff Turnbull

Governor's Palace, Santa Fé, New Mexico, 1610-1614Jeff Turnbull

Governor's Palace, San Antonio, Texas, 1749MUAS 14,464

San Xavier del Bac, south of Tucson, Arizona, 1776-97

Rexford Newcomb, The Franciscan Mission Architecture of

Alta California (1916), pl V

missions on the Californian coast

based on Newcomb, Franciscan Mission Architecture, pl I

San Luis Rey de Francia, Oceanside, California, 1811-15, dome finished 1829; ]San Diego de Alcalá, 1808-13; San Miguel, Arcangel, 1816-18, the 'corridor'

Newcomb, Franciscan Mission Architecture, pl XXVI; MUAS

14,461; Newcomb, pl II

adobe house, California, 1846MUAS 14,471

Nahant Hotel, Massachusetts, 1822-3

Thomas Larkin house, Monterey, 1835-7

Harold Kirker, 'The Role of Hispanic Kinships in Popularizing the

Monterey Style in California, 1836-1846', Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, XLIII, 3

(October 1984), p 251

Alpheus B Thompson house, Santa Barbara,

completed 1836Lugo adobe, Los

Angeles county, 1844Sanchez adobe, Pacifica, 1846

Kirker, 'The Role of Hispanic Kinships', pp 254, 252

THE DUTCH EAST INDIESTHE DUTCH EAST INDIES

CHRISTCHURCH MISSING

MalaccaDutch Fort, St John’s Hill, c

1670; Stadthuys warehouses, c 1670; Christchurch, 1753,

C19th porch MUAS 16,197, 16,198, 16,201

typical Malacca house, Bandar Hilir, Malacca

typical Dutch house, C18th),

Malacca

MUAS 16,174, 16,200

typical house, near the Government Centre, Jakarta, IndonesiaMUAS 8,754

SINGAPORESINGAPORE

Fu Kien Temple, South Bridge Road, Singapore, 1841Miles Lewis

Fu Kien Temple, Singapore: detail of the roof carpentryMiles Lewis

Fu KienTemple,

Singaporeinterior

Miles Lewis

Fu Kien Temple, Singapore: encaustic tile pavingMiles Lewis

Tan Yeok Nee'shouse, Singapore,

1885view &

interior courtyard

MUAS 16,222,16,224

Sri Mariammam Temple,Singapore

detail of main tower

Miles Lewis, MUAS16,185

Sri MariammamTemple

pavilion details

Miles Lewis

Jamae Mosque, South Bridge Road, Singapore (1826)

rebuilt 1830s

Miles Lewis

St Andrew's Anglican

Cathedral, Singapore, by McPherson & McNair, 1856

Miles Lewis

St Andrew's Cathedral, Singapore

interior

Miles Lewis

SOUTH AFRICASOUTH AFRICA

Baroque farmhouse at Illmitz, Burgenland,

Austria'Meerlust' homestead, South Africa, C18th

'Vergelegen', Hottentot's Holland, South Africa, 1701

MUAS 14,734; 5,918; 16,749

'La Provence' farmhouse, Fransch Hoek, 1756

'Rhone' farmhouse, Simondium, 1795

MUAS 16,756; 16,753;16,754; 16,755

'Kronendaal', Hout Bay, Cape, c 1800MUAS 15,903

High Street, Grahamstown, South Africa, 1820s, with St George's Anglican Church, c1824

Ronald Lewcock, Early Nineteenth Century Architecture in South Africa (Cape Town 1963), pl VIII

CANADACANADA

Château Vaudreuil, Québec (residence of the French Governor), by Gaspard Chaussegros de Léry, 1723, destroyed 1805: view in 1802

Alan Gowans, Looking at Architecture in Canada (Toronto 1958), p 47

streets in Montreal

unspecified

Notre Dame Street, view by John Lambert, 1810

MUAS 3,969; M K Cullen, 'Highlights of Domestic Building in Pre-

Confederation Quebec and Ontario as seen through the Travel

Literature from 1763 to 1860', APT Bulletin, XIII, 1 (1981), p 82

Barn St Pierre, Île d'Orléans, PQ, C19thMUAS 3,982

Ralph Earl, 'Houses and Shop of Elijah Boardman’, Milford Green,

Connecticut, 1795-6: details Elizabeth Johns et al, New Worlds from Old:

19th Century Australian and American Landscapes (Canberra 1998), p 222

NORTHNORTH--EASTERN UNITED STATESEASTERN UNITED STATES

the Capitol, Williamsburg,

Virginia (founded 1699), 1701-1705, recreated 1930s

MUAS 5,014

the Capitol, Williamsburg: plans

Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 459

Governor's house, Williamsburg, 1706-20, recreated 1930s

front & rear

Jeff Turnbull; MUAS 1,743

College of William and Mary,

Williamsburg (founded 1693)

1695-1702, since changed

old view with Brafferton Building

and President's house, engraved

c1740modern photo

MUAS 5,013 Country Life, CL, 3877 (30

September 1971), p 810

Longfellow House, Massachusetts, 1759-

Eltham Lodge, London, by Hugh

May, c1664

MUAS 1756; John Summerson, Architecture in Britain 1530-1830 (4th ed, Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1963

[1953]), pl 70

Brick Market, Newport, RI, by Peter

Harrison, 1761-2

Gallery of Somerset House, London, by

Jones & Webb, 1661-2

Robert Fermor-Hesketh [ed], Architecture of the British Empire

(London 1986), p 111Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus,

1715

San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, by Andrea Palladio, from 1566

design from Edward Hoppus, Andrea Palladio's Architecture, 4th book, 1736

garden building for Sir Charles Hotham, by William Kent

Kent, Designs of Inigo JonesBridenbaugh, Peter Harrison, fig 16.

Isaac Ware, Designs of Inigo Jones (London 1735), pl 43

Redwood Library, Newport RI, by Harrison, 1749: front & back

design from Hoppus

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 112; Bridenbaugh,

Peter Harrison, fig 19

Redwood Library, Newport RI, by Harrison, 1749Toman, Neoclassicism, p 57

St Michael's Church, Charles Town, South Carolina, probably by Peter Harrison, 1752-61; St Bride’s, Fleet Street, London, steeple by Christopher Wren, 1701-3

MUAS 1,757; Miles Lewis

rotunda, by James Gibbs summerhouse on Abraham Redwood's estate, Newport, RI, by Peter Harrison

James Gibbs, Book of Architecture, 1728, pl 80; Bridenbaugh, Peter Harrison, pl 21

Derby house, Salem, Massachusetts, unexecuted design by Charles Bullfinch, 1795Desmond Guiness & J T Sadler, Palladio: a western Progress (New York 1976), p 79

Derby house, SalemGeneral Wade's house, Piccadilly, by Lord Burlington,

1723Guiness, Palladio, pp 79, 78

JAMES GIBBSJAMES GIBBS

Design of a house for gentleman in Dorsetshire, by James GibbsMount Airey, Virginia, probably by John Ariss, c 1755-8: south front & plan

James Gibbs, Book of Architecture, 1728, pl 58;Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 354; Summerson, Architecture in Britain, p 337

the White House, Washington, DC, by James

Hoban, 1792-1800

Geoffrey Broadbent [ed], Neo-Classicism(London 1980), p 16; MUAS 4,505

elevation of a proposed house, Seacombe Park, Hertfordshire, by James Gibbs, before 1739the White House, Washington

James Gibbs, A Book of Architecture containing Designs of Buildings and

Ornaments (London 1739), pl 35; Broadbent, Neo-Classicism, p 16

St Gregory the Illuminator, Armenian Church, Singapore, by

G D Coleman, 1835

Miles Lewis

St Martin-in-the-Fields, round

design, by Gibbs, c 1720-

1721section & plan

Gibbs, Book of Architecture, pl 71

Church of St Andrew, Madras, Indiaby Thomas Fiott de Havilland, 1818-20

B B & H Lewis

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, round design, by James Gibbs, 1721

Gibbs, A Book of Architecture, pl 14

Church of St Andrew, Madras, erected by de Havilland, 1818-1820: contemporary view by John Gantz, from De Havilland's book on the church

Country Life, 17/24 December 1970, p 1191

St Andrew, Madrasdetail of portico

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pl 58

St Andrew, Madras

east end & detail of a lion

Nilsson, European Architecture in India,

pls 59B, 59A

Church of St Andrew, Madras, Indiaby Thomas Fiott de Havilland, 1818-20

B B & H Lewis

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, round design, by James Gibbs, 1721

Gibbs, A Book of Architecture, pl 14

St Martin-in-the-Fields: designs for the steepleLittle, Life and Works of Gibbs, pls 9, 29

Independent Presbyterian Church, Savannah, GA, by J H Greene 1817-19 (rebuilt)First Baptist Meeting House, Providence, RI, by Joseph Brown, 1774-5

Country Life, CLVII, 4044 (2 January 1975), p 6; Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 462

First Baptist Meeting House, Providence, RI

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London

Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 463

Summerson, Architecture in Britain, pl 146B

St Mary's, Fort St George, Madras,

1680, with spire of 1759

one of the steeple designs for St

Martin-in-the-Fields, by Gibbs, c 1721

.B B & H Lewis Gibbs, Book of

Architecture, pl 29

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, by Gibbs, 1721-6Cathedral of St George, Madras, by Colonel James Caldwell, consecrated 1816

Miles Lewis; B B & H Lewis

St Martin-in-the-FieldsCenter Church, New Haven, Connecticut, 1812-15

Little, James Gibbs, pls 10, 11

St John's Church, Calcutta, by James Agg, 1784-7St Andrew's Church, Tank Square, Calcutta, 1815

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pl 55; MUAS 10,348

Cathedral of the Good Shepherd, Singapore, by Denis McSwinney, 1843

MUAS 16,214

BUNGALOWS & VERANDAHSBUNGALOWS & VERANDAHSDakDak bungalow, Lower Himalayas, 1847bungalow, Lower Himalayas, 1847

R W Winter,R W Winter, The California BungalowThe California Bungalow (Los Angeles 1980), p 19(Los Angeles 1980), p 19

Bungalows, Bangalore, by Janet PottMUAS 17,951

guest bungalow attached to the residence of the

Governor of Maharashtra, Malabar Point,

Bombay

Bungalow in Fraser Road, Patna, early

C19th

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pls

92A, 92B

Bungalow at Bangalore, mid-C19thFermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 61

'A Canadian Residence' by J E Alexander, 1833Cullen, 'Domestic Building', p 27

'American Cottages‘

John Plaw, Ferme Ornée,1795

Experiment Farm, Parramatta, New South Wales, c 1835Miles Lewis

cottages at Kumarhati in the Himalayas, Punjab

MUAS 8866, 8,867

THE CONCEPT OF EMPIRETHE CONCEPT OF EMPIRE

High Court, Calcutta, by Walter Granville, completed 1872

Victoria Terminus, Bombay, by F W Stevens, 1887

Morris, Stones of Empire, p 112, 135

Moore Market, Madras, India, by R E Ellis of the Public Works Department, late C19th

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 120

St John's College, Agra, India, C19th

Government Secretariat Building,

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, by A C

Norman of the PWD, 1896

MUAS 10,346; 6,658

Railway Station and

Administrative Building, Kuala

Lumpur

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British

Empire, p 26

inclusive colonisers (Portuguese) v exclusive colonisers (Dutch, British)

all colonisers adapt to local materials and climate

the founding style becomes dominant

intercolonial characteristics

the late C19th concept of empire