Transcript
PROJECT MANAGEMENTSession 1
Introduction
Coverage – Session 1
• What is a project?• Project Management:- 1. Project Planning. 2. Project Scheduling. 3. Project Controlling.• Basic Tools:- 1. Bar chart. 2. Milestones chart.• Management Applications of Network Analysis
Definition of Project
• A project (such as construction of a flyover, power plant, research & development work, repair & maintenance of an airplane, marketing of a new product etc.) may be defined as a “collection of inter-related tasks or activities which must be completed in a specified time according to a specific order (or sequence) and require resources such as money, materials, manpower, facilities, space, etc”.
What is Project Management?
• Project management is “the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.”*
Questions to be Answered by a Project Manager
• When do we expect project to be completed?
• If any activity is delayed, what effect will this have on the overall completion of the project?
• If there are additional funds available to reduce the time to perform certain activities, how should they be spent?
• What is the probability of completing the project by due date?
Objectives of the Project Management
• Project should finish on time.
• Project cost should be within the allocated budget.
• Project should be within the laid down technical specifications which satisfies the end users.
Main Tasks of Project Manager
1. Project Planning.
2. Project Schedule.
3. Project Control.
1. Project Planning
• Objectives.
• Team Organization.
• Performance Criteria: Time, Cost.
• Requirement of Resources.
• Developing of Network.
2. Project Schedule
• Availability of Resources (Human, Material, Financial).
• Duration estimates of activities.
• Selection of Managerial Technique.
• Networks (PERT, CPM).
3. Project Control
• Monitoring.
• Revision & Updating.
• Rescheduling Measures.
• Reallocation of Resources.
Gantt Chart – An Example
S.No. Activity Duration
1. Preparing a pattern for casting 4 weeks
2 Preparing a mould 2 weeks
3 Casting and cleaning operation of A 1 weeks
4 Heat Treatment of A 2 weeks
5 Installing machine M 7 weeks
6 Machining part B 5 weeks
7 Assembling parts A & B 3 weeks
8 Preparing the test jig 4 weeks
9 Testing the assembly 2 weeks
10 Packing the dispatch 1 weeks
GANTT CHART
Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
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Prepare Pattern
Prepare Mould
Cast & Clean A
Heat Treatment A
Install Machine M
Machine Part B
Assemble Parts A & B
Prepare Test Rig
Test Assembly
Pack & Dispatch
GANTT CHART
Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
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Prepare Pattern
Prepare Mould
Cast & Clean A
Heat Treatment A
Install Machine M
Machine Part B
Assemble Parts A & B
Prepare Test Rig
Test Assembly
Pack & Dispatch
Limitations of Bar Chart
• Bar chart can not show clearly the interdependencies among various activities.
• Bar chart does not show the progress of work, therefore can’t be used as control device.
• Bar chart can’t reflect the uncertainties or tolerances in the duration times estimated for various activities.
Milestone Charts
• For dynamic programming, knowledge of amount of work in progress or jobs completed is necessary.
• Suppose 10th weeks have elapsed, what progress is made?
MILESTONE
GANTT CHART
Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
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Prepare Pattern
Prepare Mould
Cast & Clean A
Heat Treatment A
Install Machine M
Machine Part B
Assemble Parts A & B
Prepare Test Rig
Test Assembly
Pack & Dispatch
At the end of 10th week
Lagging
Exercise 1- Represent on Gantt Chart
Activity Duration in days
Design Questionnaire 7
Print Question paper 2
Distribute to Various Centres 4
Answer Questionnaire 1
Collect Answer Books at Main Office
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Exercise 1
Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
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Design Questionnaire
Print question paper
Distribute to various centers
Answer questionnaire
Collect answer books at main office
Exercise 2 - Represent on Gantt Chart
• A project is to be represented by a bar chart. The duration for each activity is in days work . These are the actual work days. The project commenced on Monday – 7th June 2010, with five working days a week. Draw the Gantt chart with horizontal scale denoting calendar dates. The activities duratio are shown in next slide.
• Activities 1 & 2 can occur concurrently. Activity 3 can take place after activity 2 is completed. Activities 4,6, and 3 can occur concurrently. Activity 8 can start 4 days after the commencement of activity 6. Activity 7 should follow activity 5. Activity 5 can begin concurrently with activity 8.
( ---- Data continued in next slide.)
Exercise 2 - Data
Activity Duration in DaysActivity 1 8
Activity 2 4
Activity 3 7
Activity 4 9
Activity 5 3
Activity 6 3
Activity 7 6
Activity 8 7
Exercise 2 June, 2010
Activity 7 8 910
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Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 3
Activity 4
Activity 5
Activity 6
Activity 7
Activity 8
Exercise 2 June, 2010
Activity 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
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Exercise 2 - Monitoring
• Answer the following:-
1. On what calendar date the project was completed?
2. On 23rd June, what was the progress of the project?
Exercise 2 - Monitoring
• Answer 1:- The project completed on 30th June.
• Answer 2:-
(i) Activities 1,2,3,4,5,6 had completed.
(ii) Activity 7 was under progress for 2 days, 4 more days required for its completion.
(iii) Activity 8 was under progress for 4 days, 2 more days required for its completion.
Thanks
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