4a4a3PM Session 1 Introduction.ppt

PROJECT MANAGEMENTSession 1

Introduction

Coverage – Session 1

• What is a project?• Project Management:- 1. Project Planning. 2. Project Scheduling. 3. Project Controlling.• Basic Tools:- 1. Bar chart. 2. Milestones chart.• Management Applications of Network Analysis

Definition of Project

• A project (such as construction of a flyover, power plant, research & development work, repair & maintenance of an airplane, marketing of a new product etc.) may be defined as a “collection of inter-related tasks or activities which must be completed in a specified time according to a specific order (or sequence) and require resources such as money, materials, manpower, facilities, space, etc”.

What is Project Management?

• Project management is “the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.”*

Questions to be Answered by a Project Manager

• When do we expect project to be completed?

• If any activity is delayed, what effect will this have on the overall completion of the project?

• If there are additional funds available to reduce the time to perform certain activities, how should they be spent?

• What is the probability of completing the project by due date?

Objectives of the Project Management

• Project should finish on time.

• Project cost should be within the allocated budget.

• Project should be within the laid down technical specifications which satisfies the end users.

Main Tasks of Project Manager

1. Project Planning.

2. Project Schedule.

3. Project Control.

1. Project Planning

• Objectives.

• Team Organization.

• Performance Criteria: Time, Cost.

• Requirement of Resources.

• Developing of Network.

2. Project Schedule

• Availability of Resources (Human, Material, Financial).

• Duration estimates of activities.

• Selection of Managerial Technique.

• Networks (PERT, CPM).

3. Project Control

• Monitoring.

• Revision & Updating.

• Rescheduling Measures.

• Reallocation of Resources.

Gantt Chart – An Example

S.No. Activity Duration

1. Preparing a pattern for casting 4 weeks

2 Preparing a mould 2 weeks

3 Casting and cleaning operation of A 1 weeks

4 Heat Treatment of A 2 weeks

5 Installing machine M 7 weeks

6 Machining part B 5 weeks

7 Assembling parts A & B 3 weeks

8 Preparing the test jig 4 weeks

9 Testing the assembly 2 weeks

10 Packing the dispatch 1 weeks

GANTT CHART

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

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Prepare Pattern                                    

Prepare Mould                                    

Cast & Clean A                                    

Heat Treatment A                                    

Install Machine M                                    

Machine Part B                                    

Assemble Parts A & B                                    

Prepare Test Rig                                    

Test Assembly                                    

Pack & Dispatch                                    

GANTT CHART

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

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Prepare Pattern                                    

Prepare Mould                                    

Cast & Clean A                                    

Heat Treatment A                                    

Install Machine M                                    

Machine Part B                                    

Assemble Parts A & B                                    

Prepare Test Rig                                    

Test Assembly                                    

Pack & Dispatch                                    

Limitations of Bar Chart

• Bar chart can not show clearly the interdependencies among various activities.

• Bar chart does not show the progress of work, therefore can’t be used as control device.

• Bar chart can’t reflect the uncertainties or tolerances in the duration times estimated for various activities.

Milestone Charts

• For dynamic programming, knowledge of amount of work in progress or jobs completed is necessary.

• Suppose 10th weeks have elapsed, what progress is made?

MILESTONE

GANTT CHART

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

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Prepare Pattern                                    

Prepare Mould                                    

Cast & Clean A                                    

Heat Treatment A                                    

Install Machine M                                    

Machine Part B                                    

Assemble Parts A & B                                    

Prepare Test Rig                                    

Test Assembly                                    

Pack & Dispatch                                    

At the end of 10th week

Lagging

Exercise 1- Represent on Gantt Chart

Activity Duration in days

Design Questionnaire 7

Print Question paper 2

Distribute to Various Centres 4

Answer Questionnaire 1

Collect Answer Books at Main Office

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Exercise 1

Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

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Design Questionnaire                                    

Print question paper                                    

Distribute to various centers                                    

Answer questionnaire                                    

Collect answer books at main office                                    

Exercise 2 - Represent on Gantt Chart

• A project is to be represented by a bar chart. The duration for each activity is in days work . These are the actual work days. The project commenced on Monday – 7th June 2010, with five working days a week. Draw the Gantt chart with horizontal scale denoting calendar dates. The activities duratio are shown in next slide.

• Activities 1 & 2 can occur concurrently. Activity 3 can take place after activity 2 is completed. Activities 4,6, and 3 can occur concurrently. Activity 8 can start 4 days after the commencement of activity 6. Activity 7 should follow activity 5. Activity 5 can begin concurrently with activity 8.

( ---- Data continued in next slide.)

Exercise 2 - Data

Activity Duration in DaysActivity 1 8

Activity 2 4

Activity 3 7

Activity 4 9

Activity 5 3

Activity 6 3

Activity 7 6

Activity 8 7

Exercise 2  June, 2010

Activity 7 8 910

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Activity 1                                                

Activity 2                                                

Activity 3                                                

Activity 4                                                

Activity 5                                                

Activity 6                                                

Activity 7                                                

Activity 8                                                

Exercise 2  June, 2010

Activity 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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3                                                

4                                                

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8                                                

Exercise 2 - Monitoring

• Answer the following:-

1. On what calendar date the project was completed?

2. On 23rd June, what was the progress of the project?

Exercise 2 - Monitoring

• Answer 1:- The project completed on 30th June.

• Answer 2:-

(i) Activities 1,2,3,4,5,6 had completed.

(ii) Activity 7 was under progress for 2 days, 4 more days required for its completion.

(iii) Activity 8 was under progress for 4 days, 2 more days required for its completion.

Thanks