1. Lecture 4: Revolutions in the Americas and Europe 2. Introduction: the meaning of revolution 18 thcentury meaning of revolution = astronomical, orbit of planet Revolution…

1. The French revolutionA timelineHang onto your hats 2. 1789January 24: Summoning of the Estates-General May 5: Meeting of the Estates-General June 17: National Assembly…

1. Napoleon 2. Napoleon• He was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815• His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions…

1. LOUIS XVI execution 2.  THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION  Deficit crisis  French soldiers who helped came inspired Signing of the Declaration of Independence 3.  Enlightenment:…

Page 1 Lecture 3. Zola and the Crowd: Strikes and Socialism Page 2 Lecture plan I. Z OLA, E CRIVAIN ENGAGÉ Biography Political and literary engagement II. G ERMINAL, A REVOLUTIONARY…

1. Early Modern Europe15th century-18th centuryThe RenaissanceThe ReformationThe Scientific RevolutionThe Enlightenment 2. Religion PoliticsProtestantCatholicDivine RightOttoman…

Slide 1The Storming of the Bastille, as depicted by Jean-Baptiste Lallemand (1790) Slide 2 FRANCEBRITAINAUSTEN 1788Financial crisis in France. The French government declared…

Slide 1 Slide 2 The Beylerbeyi Palace (Turkish: Beylerbeyi Sarayı) is a palace located in Beylerbeyi neighbourhood of Istanbul, Turkey at the Asian side of the Bosphorus,…

Slide 1T HE F RENCH R EVOLUTION Part 2 Slide 2 T HE GRIP T IGHTENS Louis XVI is living in Paris and sharing the rule of the country with the National Assembly. Men such as…

Slide 1 COMMENTS BY EYEWITNESSES TO THE CRUELTY OF THE PARIS CROWD IN 1789  Gracchus Babeuf, writing his wife on the events of July 22: “I said so much the better! And…