Introduction to Fluorescence Techniques Fluorescent probes enable researchers to detect particular components of complex biomolecular assemblies, including live cells, with…

1 Fluorescence: • Absorption • Relaxation to ground vibrational level of S1. • Emission The lifetime of the excited state (~ 10-8 sec) makes fluorescence a valuable…

Slide 1Zero-Phonon Line: transition without creation or destruction of phonons Phonon Wing: at T = 0 K, creation of one or more phonons 7. Optical Spectroscopy at Cryogenic…

7. Optical Spectroscopy at Cryogenic Temperatures Zero-Phonon Line: transition without creation or destruction of phonons Phonon Wing: at T = 0 K, creation of one or more…

Slide 1 New Era of Discreteness and Periodicity in Optics   George Stegeman, KFUPM Chair Professor   Professor Emeritus College of Optics and Photonics/CREOL University…