EngageEngage
As a class visit IQ Test Labs at As a class visit IQ Test Labs at www.intelligencetest.com/reflex/index.htmwww.intelligencetest.com/reflex/index.htm
Select various students to come to the computer Select various students to come to the computer and test their skills on the different reflex/reaction and test their skills on the different reflex/reaction tests. This website states that scientific tests have tests. This website states that scientific tests have shown that reaction times to simple tasks have shown that reaction times to simple tasks have high correlations with g the general intelligence high correlations with g the general intelligence factor. Students should have fun attempting these factor. Students should have fun attempting these reaction time games.reaction time games.
Explain
which consists of
is divided into
that make up
which is divided into
Section 35-3
The Nervous System
Sensory nerves
Motor nerves
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
PNSPNS
NERVES that connect the central NERVES that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the bodynervous system to the rest of the body
1.1. Motor Division – impulses from CNS to Motor Division – impulses from CNS to muscles or glandsmuscles or glands
Two Parts:Two Parts: Somatic Nervous SystemSomatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System
2.2. Sensory Division – transmits impulses Sensory Division – transmits impulses from sense organs to CNSfrom sense organs to CNS
Somatic Nervous SystemSomatic Nervous System
Controls voluntary movement of the Controls voluntary movement of the skeletal musclesskeletal muscles
Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System
Controls involuntary actionsControls involuntary actions Subdivided into two system that have Subdivided into two system that have
opposite effects on the same organs:opposite effects on the same organs:1.1. ParasympatheticParasympathetic – decreases heart rate – decreases heart rate
Controls internal organs during normal activityControls internal organs during normal activity
2.2. SympatheticSympathetic – increases heart rate – increases heart rate Controls internal organs during high stress activityControls internal organs during high stress activity
Sensory ReceptorsSensory ReceptorsWRITE INFO ON CONCEPT MAPWRITE INFO ON CONCEPT MAP
5 categories5 categories
1. Pain Receptors1. Pain Receptors
Throughout body; except brainThroughout body; except brainRespond to chemical released by Respond to chemical released by
damaged cellsdamaged cells Important to recognizeImportant to recognize
DangerDanger InjuryInjuryDiseaseDisease
2. Thermoreceptors2. Thermoreceptors
In skin, body core, hypothalamusIn skin, body core, hypothalamusDetect variations in body temperatureDetect variations in body temperature
3. Mechanoreceptors3. Mechanoreceptors
Skin, skeletal muscle, and inner earsSkin, skeletal muscle, and inner earsSensitive to Sensitive to
TouchTouchPressurePressureStretching of musclesStretching of musclesSoundSoundmotionmotion
4. Chemoreceptors4. Chemoreceptors
Nose and TongueNose and TongueChemical in external environmentChemical in external environment
Choroid
Retina
Blood vessels
Optic nerve
Fovea
Vitreous humor
Sclera
Ligaments
Iris
Pupil
Cornea
Aqueous humor
Lens
Muscle
Section 35-4
Figure 35-14 The Eye
5. Photoreceptors5. Photoreceptors
EyesEyesSensitive to LightSensitive to Light
DO NOT WRITE NEXT INFO – IT IS ON DO NOT WRITE NEXT INFO – IT IS ON YOUR SHEETYOUR SHEET
VisionVision CorneaCornea
Helps focus lightHelps focus light Filled with Filled with aqueous humoraqueous humor
IrisIris Back of corneaBack of cornea Colored part of eyeColored part of eye
PupilPupil Tiny muscles regulate the sizeTiny muscles regulate the size Regulates amount of lightRegulates amount of light
LensLens Small muscles change its shape to focus on object near and Small muscles change its shape to focus on object near and
far awayfar away Behind lens eye filled with Behind lens eye filled with vitreous humorvitreous humor
RetinaRetina Has photoreceptorsHas photoreceptors No photoreceptors where optic nerve passes through the No photoreceptors where optic nerve passes through the
back of the eye; back of the eye; blind spotblind spot Two typesTwo types
1.1. Rods – black and whiteRods – black and white2.2. Cones – colorCones – color
Pathway for Vision ReceptionPathway for Vision Reception
LightLight corneacornea iris and pupiliris and pupil lenslens Retina to photoreceptorsRetina to photoreceptors
RodsRods Cones – FoveaCones – Fovea
Optic NerveOptic Nerve BrainBrain
Auditory canal
Tympanum Round window Eustachian tube
Bone
Cochlea
Cochlear nerve
Semicircular canals
Oval window
StirrupAnvilHammer
Section 35-4
Figure 35-15 The Ear
Hearing and BalanceHearing and Balance
EarEarTwo FunctionsTwo Functions
HearingHearingDetecting Positional change to movementDetecting Positional change to movement
HearingHearing Sound – air vibrationsSound – air vibrations Auditory canalAuditory canal – funnels air to – funnels air to tympanum tympanum (ear drum)(ear drum) TymapnumTymapnum – vibrates – vibrates Hammer, Anvil, StirrupHammer, Anvil, Stirrup- vibrate and transmit vibrations - vibrate and transmit vibrations
to to oval windowoval window CochleaCochlea – filled with fluid and vibrations create pressure – filled with fluid and vibrations create pressure
waves in the inner earwaves in the inner ear Tiny hairs respond to waves and send messages to Tiny hairs respond to waves and send messages to
brain via the brain via the cochlear nervecochlear nerve
BalanceBalance
Semicircular CanalsSemicircular Canals3 canals that form half circles3 canals that form half circlesFilled with fluid and hairs that detect motion of Filled with fluid and hairs that detect motion of
head in relation to gravityhead in relation to gravity
Auditory canal
Tympanum Round window Eustachian tube
Bone
Cochlea
Cochlear nerve
Semicircular canals
Oval window
StirrupAnvilHammer
Section 35-4
Figure 35-15 The Ear
Smell and TasteSmell and Taste
Chemoreceptors pick up chemical Chemoreceptors pick up chemical reception in nose and mouthreception in nose and mouth
Smell – Smell – olfactory bulbolfactory bulbTaste – Taste – taste budstaste buds
SaltySaltyBitterBitterSourSourSweetSweet
Cerebral cortex
Nasal cavity
Taste bud
Smell sensory area
Tastesensory area
Thalamus
Olfactory(smell) bulb
Olfactorynerve
Smell receptor
Taste pore
Taste receptor
Sensorynerve fibers
Section 35-4
The Senses of Smell and Taste
Touch and Related SensesTouch and Related Senses
Largest sense organ?Largest sense organ? SKINSKIN
Sensory ReceptorsSensory Receptors TemperatureTemperature TouchTouch PainPain
Greatest density of touch receptorsGreatest density of touch receptors FingersFingers ToesToes FaceFace
Concept Map
which consists of
is divided into
that make up
which is divided into
Section 35-3
The Nervous System
Sensory nerves
Motor nerves
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system