Washington – Jefferson
The Federalist Era
1788 – Washington unanimously elected president. Two terms 1788-1797.
Washington inaugurated in Philadelphia, Penn.
Capital moved to NYC [Center of $ and Trade]
First Administration installed:Judiciary Act of 1789
John Jay, First Supreme Court Justice6 Fellow JudgesSystem of Federal Courts [13 for the 13
states]
In the beginning…
Presidential Cabinet
Office Secretary
The State Department Thomas Jefferson
The War Department Henry Knox
The Treasury Department
Alexander Hamilton
The Attorney General Edmund Randolph
Issues to face… National Debt =
$52 Million No NavyNo ArmyBritish to the NorthSpanish and Indians
to the South and West
Hamilton’s Plan of ActionCreate a National BankNational Debt-
Debt from AOCAssume state debtsCombine and sell in
the stock market…Tariffs
Tax on imported goodsNational Taxes
Reminiscent of British Taxes = No Bueno!
Video: Hamilton v. JeffersonWhiskey Rebellion
Local tax on western Penn. distilleries. Locals start uprisings and attacking tax collectorsWashington calls on Militia and they end the issuesImportant why?
It set the tone that little rebellions would no longer be tolerated and would be dealt with severely.
“These ‘Democratic Societies’ [are] attempting to destroy the best fabric of human government and
happiness…”- George Washington
Debating the issues of the plan
The issue of Constitutional InterpretationsLoose Interpretation:
Implied PowersGeneral Welfare of all
Strict Interpretation:Explicit Powers Sectional & Marginal influence
A clear separation in ideals and platforms…A compromise on the Capital’s location seals
deal.The Hamilton’s Plan Video
Hamilton vs. Jefferson -Madison
Parties Emerge:Federalist
Democratic – Republicans
Hamilton Jefferson - Madison
Strong centralized government
Strong state governments
Economy based on industry and trade
Economy based on agriculture
Pro-British Pro-French
Loose Constitutional Construction
Strict Constitutional Construction
Ohio ValleyRound One: Little Turtle vs. St. Clair
1791Washington sends St. Clair… Lost… badly.
Round Two: Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794Anthony Wayne vs. Indian ConfederationWayne WinsTreaty of GreenvilleOpened Northwest Territory to peaceful
settlement
In the West…
July 14th, 1789 Revolution begins
Quickly turns violent and bloodyFrance turns to U.S. for aid by
sending Edmond Genet.Washington refuses because the
Revolution is too violent and the US is not in a place financially or otherwise to get into War.
Video
The French Revolution
Important because of the effects on US Citizens.France
Set out to enlist soldiers against Washington's orders to stay out of the conflict.
EnglandImpressment: Boarding a ship and commanding
those on board to serve in your army.Jay’s Treaty: 1794
England would release remaining American FortsUS would repay pre-war debtsBritish keep restrictions on US trade ships in the
Atlantic
France vs. Britain: 1793
Thomas Pinckney- Ambassador to SpainPinckney's Treaty 1795
Allowed US access to Mississippi River for trading.
Unblocked barricades to New Orleans
The Spanish in America
Precedents [President]Neutrality in Foreign
Affairs 2-term Presidency Use of Force To Enforce
The Law (Whiskey Rebellion)
Calling the Cabinet to
Offer Advice How to address the
President (he came up with the title President.)
First to be inaugurated “So help me God”
First to make inauguration speech
Washington walks away…
Research the Platforms of Romney and Obama.
What is their stance on the following:AbortionSame-sex marriageEconomy
Pick one of those topics and write a response to ONE of those platforms on if you agree or disagree.
Homework