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Vocabulary: Etymology and the evolution of language
Myths, Science, Languages and Other Stories
The Tower of Babel by Marten van Valckenborch (c. 1600)
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What is Language?
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Evolution of Language: The case of Hieroglyphs Language evolved from simple
concept-words to complex alphabets.
Phoenician Alphabet 11-15th century B.C.
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Evolution of language
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Evolution of language
Famous theorists:PinkerDarwinChomsky
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Evolution of Language: ScriptsIs this Urdu?
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The Evolution of English
Ye Olde English
Roman
Greek
American European International
Standardized Test English
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Etymology:What is it good for?
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Etymology:The longest word at 36 letters is:
(Noun) Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia
Pronounced: hippo-poto-mon-stroses-quiped-alio-phobia
Word Roots: Hippopoto- (Greek) monstro- (latin) sesqui- (latin) pedalio- (latin) phobia (greek)
Meaning: Large-Monstrous-Foot and a half long-Fear ….. Of words (Logos – Greek).
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Etymology:
Monstrous-words-phobia, is a legitimate disorder.
Symptoms Causes Treatment 1. Anxiety
2. Rapid Heart Rate
3. Loss of Breath4. Nausea5. Dry Mouth6. Clammy
Hands7. Trembling
1. Past Trauma2. Environment3. Heredity
1. Therapy2. Medication3. Will power
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Etymologya/c/d
to, toward, near Latin accelerate - to increase the speed of; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained; admittance - allowing into;
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Etymology
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Sentence Completion Practice SetsKaplan Set 1ReviewKaplan Set 2
Links: http://www.learnthat.org/pages/view/roots.html
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Etymology part 2Tips for sentence completion
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Word rootsRoot Meaning Example
a, an without, not asexual, amoral, anarchy, anhydrous, Anabaptist, anachronism
ab, abs, a apart, away from
abnormal, abduct, abductor (muscle), abscission
ad toward adhere, adductor (muscle) adumbrate
agere act agent, agency, agenda
amphi, ambi
round, both sides
amphitheater, amphibian, ambidextrous, ambivalent
ante before antedate, anteroom, antecedent, anterior
anthro man anthropology, anthropomorphic
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Word rootsanti against antipathy, antitank,
anticlimax
aqua water aquarium, aqueous, aqueduct
archaios ancient archeology, archetype, archaic, archeozoic
archos leader, first, chief
monarchy, oligarchy, anarchy, archetype, architect
audio hear audiophile, audiometer, auditory
auto self automatic, automaton, auto-immune
bi two bi-partisan, bisexual, biennial, binary, bicuspid, bivalve
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Word Rootsbene well,
favorablebenefit, benevolent, benefactor, beneficent
bible book bibliography, Bible, bibliophile
bio life biology, biography, bio-active
caco Bad cacophony
cide kill homicide, parricide, germicidal, ecocide
circum around circumference, circumlocution, circumnavigate
constitutus stand constitution, statute
corpus body corpse, corporal punishment, corporeal, corpus callosum
cracy rule democracy, theocrat, technocracy
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Practice1 set of SC.Review
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Word Rootscredo belief credit, creed, credo, incredulous
demos people democracy, demographic
di two, double
dimorphism, -, diatomic
dia across, through
diagonal, dialectic, dialogue, diagnosis
dis not, apart disperse, disinherit, disenfranchise, distend
dominus lord dominant, dominion
dynasthai
be able dynamic, dynamo, dynasty, dynamite
ego I, self ego, egomaniac, egocentric,
epi upon, over epidermis, epidemic, epigram, epitaph, epithet, epiphyte, epistasis, epinephrine, epiphysis
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Word Rootsex out exotic, exterior, extraneous,
extemporaneous, exophalmic, exogenous, exothermic, exoskeleton
federis league, pact federation, confederate
frater brother fraternize, fraternity, fraternal, fratricide
geo earth geology, geography, geocentric, geomancy
graph write, record graphic, graphite, graphology,
hetero mixed, unlike
heterogeneous, heterosexual, heterodox, heterodont, hetero atom, heterocyclic, heterozygous,
homo same, alike homogeneous, homogenized, homozygous, homolytic fission, Homo sapiens, homonid, homeostasis
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Word Rootsidem the same identity, idiopathic, I, individual
ideo idea ideology, ideation, ideal
idios one's own
idiom, idiosyncrasy, idiopathic
in in incarcerate, incorporate, inculcate, induction, inductance, indigenous, indicator, inspiration
in, im not incredible, ignoble, inglorious, inhospitable, infinite, infinitesimal, immoral
inter between interact, interstellar, interpret, interstitial
legis (lex)
law legal, legislature
lexis word lexicon, lexicography
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Practice1 set SCReview
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Word Rootsliber free, book liberty, library, liberal
Loco/locu Place locality, local, circumlocution
Loqu/loqui & loc Speak Loquaciousness, interlocutor, circumlocution
macro large macroeconomics, macroscopic, macrophage
mania obsession maniac, Beatlemania
meter measure metronome, speedometer, odometer
micro small microscope, micron, micrometer, microorganism
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Word Roots
mittere, mitto send mission, transmit, remit
mono one, single monocle, monopoly, monogamy, monovalent, monomania, monarchy
mortis death mortician, mortuary, moribund, morbid
Nomen/nym name noble, ignominy, synonym, nomenclature, nominal.
olig few oligarchy, oligopoly
pater father paternal, paternity, patricide
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Word Roots
Ped/pedo foot pedestrian, pedal, pedicure, podiatrist
peri around peripatetic, periscope, perineum, peritoneum
phage eat phagocyte, phagocytosis, aerophagia, alliaphage
philo love philosophy, philanthropy
phobos phobia Agoraphobia
phon sound Phonetics, phonics, sym-phon-y
polein sell monopoly
polis City political, metropolitan
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Practice1 set SCReview
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Word Rootspoly many polygamy, polyphonic, hoi
polloi, polyglot, polygon, polyandry
porto carry porter, export, import, apportion, davenport, deported, proportion
post after post script (p.s.), ex post facto, post hoc, post-mortem
pre before premier, preview, premium, prescient
pro before, in favor of
project, projectile, prototype
psyche mind, soul Psychology, psychiatry, psychadelic
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Word Roots
publicus people public, republic, pub, publican
Riparia/riviera river Riparian, arrive, rivak
scope examine microscope, oscilloscope
scribo write transcribe, scribe, script
solus alone solo, solitary
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Word Roots
subter under, secret
subterfuge, subtle, subaltern, subterranean
sin (sys before b, p, or m)
together, with
synchronize, symbiotic, symphony, sympathy, syncretic, syncope
tele distance telegraph, telephone, teleology
trans across transport, transcend, transmogrify
utilis useful utility, utilitarian
vide, visibil, vis see video, vision, visible
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Word RootsThe end