U.S. HistoryChapter 13: Industrial Growth in the North
Section 4: More Technological Advances
Messages by Wire
• 1800: Alessandro Volta built the first battery
Alessandro Volta
Messages by Wire
• André-Marie Ampère: determined the rules governing the relationship between electricity & magnetism
André-Marie Ampère
Messages by Wire• Samuel Morse: first
to combine the battery, electromagnetism, the electromagnet and the correct battery configuration into a workable practical telegraph
Samuel Morse
Messages by Wire
• Telegraph—sends pulses of electrical current through a wire
Telegraph Key
Messages by Wire
Morse Code Diagram
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Messages by Wire
• 1844: First public test
Messages by Wire
• First shown to work in the election of 1844
• Sent info for businesses, government, newspapers, private citizens
• Telegraph lines built alongside railroads
• 1861: transcontinental line completed
New Factories
• Start of Industrial Revolution most factories ran on water power
• Steam-powered factories could be built anywhere
• Northeast home of the nation’s industry
New Factories
• Factories build closer to cities
• Closer to labor, transportation
• People flock to cities for jobs
Better Farm Equipment
• John Deere: blacksmith who made a steel-bladed plow
John Deere
Original John Deere Plow
Replica of John Deere Plow
Better Farm Equipment
• Cyrus McCormick: designed a mechanical reaper that cut down what quickly & efficientlyCyrus McCormick
Better Farm Equipment
• Opened a factory in Chicago using steam-power
• Customer service
• 1830: 20 hrs to cut one acre of wheat; reaper reduced to one hour
Changing Life at Home
• Elias Howe: invented the sewing machine
Elias Howe
Changing Life at Home
• Isaac Singer: improved the sewing machine
Isaac Singer
Changing Life at Home• Other improvements:
– Iceboxes
– Iron cookstove
– Mass production of old items
– Public water systems & indoor plumbing
– Matches
– Safety pin