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Page 1: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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321

Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst.

Univ. Tokyo

Vol. pp.

* e-mail : [email protected]

Hokuriku Electric Power Co., Ltd., Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd. , Earthquake Research Institute,the

University of Tokyo

The Noto Hanto earthquake (M . ) occurred in the area where the m-Digital Elevation

Model had been developed by airbone LiDAR. This data package could provide an exceptional

opportunity to study crustal deformation associated with the earthquake. We acquired airbone

LiDAR data immediately after the Noto Hanto Earthquake for comparison. We improved the

accuracy of DEM to detect earthquake deformation. As a result, di erences of elevation between

the flight courses were within . m according to the elevation adjustment for whole area. The

resultant elevation change suggests an uplift of the coastal area, including Sekinohana in Shika

Town, where a maximum uplift of . m was observed. Elevation changes were not observed km

from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-

vation change accords well to the results from leveling, GPS, and interferometric SAR data. It was

the first attempt in the world to detect crustal deformation associated with an earthquake using

airborne LiDAR.

: The Noto Hanto Earthquake, Airborne LiDAR, DEM, crustal deformation

Digital Surface Model :

DEM Digital Elevation

Model :

Fig. Fowler

GPS

IMU Inertial Measurement Unit :

Okazaki

DSM

*

Koji Nohara *, Takeo Noguchi , Fumihiro Anada , Masaaki Hamada , Satoshi Onoda ,

Yoichi Numata , Yoshiki Yamano , Yusuke Suzuki and Hiroshi Sato

et al.,

et al.

Abstract

Key words

The Crustal Deformation Associated with the

Noto Hanto Earthquake Studied Using Airborne Li-

DAR

+ , -

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+ + + + ,

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Page 2: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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322

Fig. . Illustration of geodetic laser scanning.

Fig. . The traces of the flights.

Table . Data acquisition parameters for airborne

laser survey.

m-DEM m-Digital Elevation Model :

m

m-DEM

DEM

DEM

m-DEM

, km

km m-

DEM Fig.

C C Tu g m

Optech ALTM , m, m sec, , Hz,

Leica ALS m,

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Page 3: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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. m

Table

. m

GPS

km

GPS

cm,

cm Ozawa

cm,

GPS

Fig. , Fig.

. m,

. m

Tie point :

DEM

TIN Trian-

gulated Irregular Network :

m-DEM m-

RMS Root Mean Square Error DEM

. m Fig.

cm

cm Ozawa

m-DEM

et al.,

et al.,

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DEM

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Page 4: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Fig. . Ground control points before the earthquake. Fig. . Ground control points after the earthquake.

Fig.

cm cm DEM

DEM

DEM DEM

m DEM

m-DEM

m DEM

- .

0

+*

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Page 5: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Fig. . Red Relief Image Map of m-DEM.

Fig. . Vertical displacement detection image in a slope and horizontal surface.

,**1

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Page 6: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Fig. . Example of the measured di erence of elevation along road.

Fig. . The example of histogram, before and after

erasing of wrong points.

Fig.

DEM

m

m m m

DEM

Fig.

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m TIN

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Page 7: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Fig. . The vertical displacement map. ( m Mesh) Fig. . The vertical displacement map. ( m Mesh)

Fig. . The vertical displacement map. (Interpolation Fig. . The vertical displacement map. (Interpolation

m Mesh) m Mesh)

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Page 8: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Page 9: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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Page 11: The Crustal Deformation Associated with the Noto Hanto ... · from coastline at an extension of the earthquake source fault in sea area. The pattern of the ele-vation change accords

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331

.

Fowler, R.A., A. Samberg, M. J. Flood, and T. J. Greaves,

, Topographic and Terrestrial Lidar, American So-

ciety for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing., Digital

Elevation Model Technologies and Applications : The

DEM Users Manual nd Edition, .

Fukushima Y., T. Ozawa and M. Hashimoto, , Fault

model of the Noto Hanto earthquake from PAL-

SAR radar interferometry and GPS data,

, .

Honda R., Y. Hiramatsu, Y. Kono and H. Katagawa, ,

Gravity anomalies and the geologic block structures in

and around the aftershock area of the Noto Hanto

Earthquake, , .

.

.

Okazaki K., S. Hatake, N. Fujii, T. Sano and B. Ota, ,

Examination of forest evaluation technique by LiDAR,

Silvilaser Proceedings of the International Confer-

ence, .

Ozawa S., H. Yarai, M. Tobita, H. Une and T. Nishimura,

, Crustal deformation associated with the Noto

Hanto Earthquake in in Japan,

, .

Received February ,

Accepted March ,

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