© Fraunhofer
WInnComm-EuropeOulu, May 17th 2017
TACTICAL NETWORKING EXPERIMENTS AT THE CWIX
Christoph Barz – [email protected],
© Fraunhofer FKIE
CWIX 2016 FLIP Advanced Waveform Prototyping using SDR
© Fraunhofer FKIE
CWIX 2016Schematic Setup
1A 1B
1A 1B
1B
1A
FLIP 1
OBIS ChannelEmulator
FLIP 2
WiFi + DLEP
< 6 Mbit/s L2
Portextension
Taktical
Router
Flip WF + DLEP
© Fraunhofer FKIE
CWIX 2016OLSRv2 & DLEP
FLIP-WFRadio
Setup Germany
DLEP
Setupcombining both national radios
Nation XRadio
DLEP
FLIP-WFRadio
DLEP Nation XRadio
DLEP
SetupNation X
Coalition RouterOLSRv2 MT
Coalition RouterOLSRv2 MT
Coalition RouterOLSRv2 MT
Wifi-basedreference
radioDLEP
Wifi-basedreference
radio
DLEP
Wifi-basedreference
radio
DLEP
FLIP-WFRadio
DLEP
Coalition RouterOLSRv2 MT
Wifi-basedreference
radio
DLEP
Setup Germany
1A
1B
2A
2B
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Routing & QoS in heterogeneous tactical Networks
Approach:Technology-Aware MTR
Topologies represent link characteristicsApplications are mapped to topologies
Role Based MTRMedics do not forward tactical informationMedics can still receive tactical data, forwarding is prevented
High-speed topology
Overall topology
HF-Link
WLAN-Link
NGO
Applikations-Gateway
SatcomUHF-Links
Tactical topology
technology based MTR role-based MTR
www.consis.info-> QoS concept for QUAKSBw
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Open Architecture for heterogeneous tactical Routing
OSLRv2 as first instance of new generation of routing protocols
modular,
scalable
extensible
IETF – Directional Airtime Metric to incorporate Cross Layer Information
Effective Data rates
Basis for Network Awareness information
IETF - Dynamic Link Exchange Protocol (DLEP) for Access to Cross Layer Data
Auto Discovery
Neighbors
Link Speeds
Error Rates
OSLRv2 as first instance of new generation of routing protocols
modular
scalable
extensible
IETF – Directional Airtime Metric (DAT) for Cross Layer Information
Effective Data rates
Link Error rates
Basis for Network Awareness information
IETF - Dynamic Link Exchange Protocol (DLEP) for Access to Cross Layer Data
Auto Discovery
Neighbors
Link Speeds
Error Rates
Fraunhofer FKIE main contributor toOLSR.org networkframework (OONF)
© Fraunhofer FKIE
OLSRv2 Military Extensions by Fraunhofer FKIE
Technology-Aware MTR Application data must match link characteristics
e.g. VHF not for high data rate applications
Interface selection independent of routing metric
Allows for the same routing metric for all topologiesHF-Link
SatcomUHF
Role Based MTR Medics do not forward tactical information
Decoupling of topology participation and forwarding
Medics can still receive tactical data while forwarding is prevented
Compatible withstandard OLSRv2 nodes
© Fraunhofer FKIE
OLSRv2 Military Extensions by Fraunhofer FKIE
Security & Interoperability Routing dynamically establishes tunnels to direct neighbors
Tunnels are basis for Integration of MOTS Radios
Optional Security by IDP/MIKE integration per interface
Artillery Observer Scenario Planned EMCON
Reception of orders and information still vital for operation
Observers can have several proxies
Network topology can change as long as proxies stay in range
PolicyRout ing
Table
Rout ingAgent
Nat ive Interface - Mult icast IPsec – Transport Mode
Tunnel Interface – Neighbor 2 IPsec – Transport Mode
Tunnel Interface – Neighbor 1 IPsec – Transport Mode
Tunnel Interface – Neighbor 3 IPsec – Transport Mode
Rout ing cont rol messages
:Dynamictunnel setup
Conf igure MT rout ingrules on tunnel basis
VHF
Kernel basedforwarding
net linknet link/ioct l
ICMCIS 2015“Advanced Security Gateways for Heterogeneous Tactical Ad hoc Networks.”
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Flexible Architecture for Waveform Integration
DLEP Session
DLEP Session
DLEP Session
Approach radios in a simple L2 mode
single routing instance
L2 information via Radio2Router prot.
routing metric to incorporate link characteristics
Advantages reduced topology complexity
less management overhead
Interoperability / integration of different radios
more flexibility in routing
“Radio Device Requirements“www.consis.info
Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
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Research on a novel Flexible IP-Waveform (FLIP-WF) for future Tactical Environments
Early identification of new technologies enabling a cost and time efficient experimental assessment
Realization of the FLIP-WF as a Waveform Application (WFA) for Software Defined Radios (SDR).
Modular, scalable, and reconfigurable Design with modern Cross Layer Interfaces (e.g. DLEP)
Tailored parametrization and features for different use cases
Provision of new operational and technical capabilities to the warfighter (e.g. in Coalition Operations)
CWIX activities for Coalition Interoperability
CWIX 2016 CWIX 2017 CWIX 2018
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Flexible/Modular MAC – Version 0.6 (inline voice)
LocalResolver
Expansion ContentParser
FrameParser MAC-RX
LocalHandling Optimization Content
Gen.FrameGen. MAC-TX
Ethernet PHY
ARP Proxy-
Table
Cont
ext
Feed
back
ACK
Gene
r.AC
K Pr
oces
s.
Slot
-Tim
e
EthernetFrame
EthernetFrame
Ethernet Fr.(src,dst,pri)
Compr.data(src,dst,pri)
Fragments(src,dst,pri) Frame
(src,dst,pri)
Ethernet Fr.Compr.data(src,dst,pri)
Fragments(src,dst,pri)
Frame(phy metad.)
VoiceDecoder
Voice Data(src,codec)SIP Stream
VoiceEncoder
SIP Stream
Voice Data(src,codec)
ACKsACKs
© Fraunhofer FKIE
CWIX 2017 Network Setup
FLIP-WFRadio
DLEP
Civil CellularNetwork
Radio
DLEP
CoalitionRouter
OLSRv2 MT
FieldedTactical MOTS
Radio
FLIP-WFRadio
Civil CellularNetwork
Radio
DLEP
CoalitionRouter
OLSRv2 MT
Nation X Radio
Channel Emulator for FLIP-WF
Radio
FLIP-WFRadio
Nation X Radio
FieldedTactical MOTS
Radio
FLIP-WFRadio
Nation X Radio
Civil CellularNetwork
Radio
DLEP
DLEP
DLEP
DLEP
DLEP
DLEP
CoalitionRouter
OLSRv2 MT
CoalitionRouter
OLSRv2 MT
First System Second System
Unclassified (optional)
LTEBasestation
LTECore Network &
OLSRv2 MT Router
SNOW 3G (or AES)confidentiality &
integrity protection
3x LTE UE
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FIST-TacService Support Tactical Service Support
Organization/Capability Configuration Lead:
BAAINBw I1.1 – TRAR Detlef StaufenbielFraunhofer FKIE – Christoph Barz
Description: Network status interface and QoS mechanismsfor heterogeneous radio networks
Status: F&T
Test objectives: • Network awareness for applications• Network QoS mechanisms for military
applications
Test motivation: Test of interfaces between military applications and heterogeneous/multi-national tactical networks
Focus Area Communications
Potential test partners: NOR, USA, NATO
CWIX 2017 - Capability
© Fraunhofer FKIE
FIST-TacRouter Tactical Router
Organization/Capability Configuration Lead:
BAAINBw I1.1 – TRAR Detlef StaufenbielFraunhofer FKIE – Christoph Barz
Description: OLSRv2 (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol v2) based tactical router for heterogeneous tactical networks, Support for IETF DLEP (Dynamic Link Exchange Protocol) and IPSec-based security extensions
Status: F&T
Test objectives: • Interoperability with different tactical radios (Layer 2/Layer 3)
• Interoperability of DLEP • Interoperability of OLSRv2
Test motivation: Interoperability for coalition missions
Focus Area Communications
Potential test partners: BEL, NOR, POL, ROU, USA, NATO
CWIX 2017 - Capability
© Fraunhofer FKIE
FLIP-TacMAC Flexible MAC-layer for tactical radios
Organization/Capability Configuration Lead:
BAAINBw I1.1 – TORR Martin DunkelFraunhofer FKIE – Christoph Barz
Description: Flexible Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer of a waveform for Software Defined Radios with modular design and extensions like DLEP; reusable for different PHY layers
Status: F&T
Test objectives: • MAC-layer features for simultaneous voice and data, QoS and flexibility
• Interoperability test regarding physical layers
Test motivation: Interoperability for coalition missions
Focus Area Communications
Potential test partners: NOR, BEL
CWIX 2017 - Capability
© Fraunhofer FKIE
FLIP-TacPHY Flexible physical-layer for tactical radios
Organization/Capability Configuration Lead:
BAAINBw I1.1 – TORR Martin DunkelFraunhofer FKIE – Dr. Marc Adrat
Description: Physical (PHY) layer of a waveform for Software Defined Radio with flexible scalable- and configurable parameters (e.g. burst length, bandwidth, modulation & coding schema)
Status: F&T
Test objectives: • Capabilities of the physical layer (e.g. adaptive Coding and modulation schema)
• Interoperability to MAC layer
Test motivation: Interoperability for coalition missions
Focus Area Communications
Potential test partners: BEL
CWIX 2017 - Capability
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Questions?
… thanks!
Live visualization based on the network awareness interface
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Overhead Analysis in a Military Scenario IST-124
Anglova Scenario
Vignette 2; About 2 hours; Battalion of 157 nodes plus a Coalition Head Quarter (CHQ) and a UAV
Hilly terrain covered by forests A segment, from 5500 to 6501 seconds in
vignette 2 is used The battalion splits up further onto many
paths grouped in companies Networks formed out of 1 to 4 companies Network sizes; 24, 48, 72 and 96 nodes Mobility, up to 60 km/h
© Fraunhofer FKIE
Overhead Analysis in a Military Scenario IST-124
Anglova Scenario
© Fraunhofer FKIE
DLEP based Testbed at Fraunhofer FKIE
128
129
130
134
131
135
Etage II Etage III
133
132
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
144
143
(145)
147 146
149
151
150 FKIE testbed extensions - two floors, 100m approx.
26 locations in a dense indoor deployment, each with: Radio devices with 12dbi 5Ghz antenna Experiment devices (e.g. running OLSRv2 with DAT metric)
OLSRd / OLSRd2 backbone network
OLSRv2 for Community Networks.Elsevier Comput. Netw. 93December 2015
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OLSRv2 with DLEP – Testbed Results
Experiment: TCP throughput measurements From node 130 to node X 20 replications 0.95 confidence level
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Difference of OLSRv1 ETX and OLSRv2 DAT Strategies
ß0.092 M
B
ß0.092 MBà2.1 MBß0.05 MB
130
132
137138
131
134
à8.35 MBß0.18 MB
à2.1 MBß0.05 MB
à10.44 MBß0.23 MB
à10.38 MBß0.23 MB
135
139
133
136à10.34 MBß0.14 MB
à10.46 MBß0.23 MB
OLSRv1 ETX
OLSRv2 DAT
© Fraunhofer
Short Introduction to our National R&T Study –Rapid Prototyping with a Flexible IP-capable Waveform
PHY
OFDM, 25-100 kHz BW
Tactical VHF / UHF bands
MAC
CSMA with reserved slotsfor CNR-PTT-style voice transmission
Link layer
Transparent Bridging
IPv4 & v6 capable (layer 3)
(optional) MANET
Dynamic Routing with OLSRv2
Dynamic Link Exchange Protocol
()