IRCFREPTILES&AMPHIBIANS•23(2):90–92•AUG2016

Notable Change in Body Color During Copulation in the Scaly-backed Anole,

Anolis notopholis (Squamata: Dactyloidea), from Western Colombia

Iván Camilo Beltrán, Pablo Palacios Rodríguez, Daniel Mejía, and Adolfo Amézquita

GrupodeEcofisiología,ComportamientoyHerpetología,DepartamentodeCienciasBiológicas,UniversidaddelosAndes,Bogotá,Colombia,A.A.4976 ([email protected])

PhotographsbyPabloPalaciosRodríguez.

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IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • VOL15, NO 4 • DEC 2008 189TABLE OF CONTENTS

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

F E A T U R E A R T I C L E S

Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190

The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198

R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E S

The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida

.............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212

C O N S E R V A T I O N A L E R T

World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 More Than Mammals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 223 The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225

H U S B A N D R Y

Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ....................................................................................................... Shannon Plummer 226

P R O F I L E

Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ................................................................................................ Michael L. Treglia 234

C O M M E N T A R Y

The Turtles Have Been Watching Me ........................................................................................................................ Eric Gangloff 238

B O O K R E V I E W

Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, R. Berridge, P. Ramani, and B.E. Young .............................................................................................................. Robert Powell 243

CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245 NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252

Front Cover. Shannon Plummer.Totat et velleseque audant mo estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos accullabo.

Back Cover. Michael KernTotat et velleseque audant mo

estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus

aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque

moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia-tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as

IRC

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Changesinlizardcolorationhavebeenextensivelystudiedduringagonisticinteractions(e.g.,GreenbergandNoble

1944;GreenbergandCrews1990;SummersandGreenberg1994), but rarely in the context of sexual interactions.HereinwereportafieldobservationofmatingbehaviorinAnolis notopholis(Boulenger1896)(Squamata:Dactyloidae),amainland species that inhabits thePacific lowlands ofColombia(Fig.1).Thespeciesoccupiesthelowerstrataoftheforestassociatedwithherbaceousvegetation(vandenElzenandSchuchmann1986). We conducted fieldwork from 30 August to 15September2015inanoldgrowthtropicalhumidforest(sensu Holdridge1987)nearLaVictoria,municipalityofCantóndeSanPablo,departmentofChocó,Colombia(05º30’37”N,76º52’42.4”W,264masl).WerecordedandphotographedcopulatoryandpostcopulatorybehaviorofA. notopholis using aNikonCoolpixp530camera.Theapproximatedistancebetweentheobserverandthefocalanimalswasabout8m. Thepairwasontheleaflitter.Whenwefirstobservedthelizards,themalewasbesidethefemale,bitingherback,andshowingdarkgraylateralcoloration.Thefemalehadasimilargraycolorationandwasexhibitingabruptlateralheadmovements(Fig.2A).About6minlater,thegraycolorationofthemaledisappearedwhilethefemalecontinuedbobbingherhead(Fig.2B).Thecopulationlastedforapproximately46min;5minbeforetheend,themalerecoveredhisdarkcolorationwhilethefemaleintensifiedherhead-bobbing(Fig.2C).Themalethenreleasedthefemaleandmovedaway.Subsequently,foranother10min,weobservedhead-bobbinganddewlapextensioninthemale(Fig.2D). Inlizards,severalhormonesareknowntocontrolthemovementofmelaningranuleswithinmelanophores,causing

contractionorexpansionandtherebydarkeningorlighteningthebodycolor(e.g.,CooperandGreenberg1992).Intheobservation recorded here, the color of the male A. notopholis changedfromdarkgraytolightgreenin6min(Fig.2A–B).Attheendofthecopulation,thechangefromlightgreentograytookapproximately3min(Fig.2C);however,thischangewaslessintensethanthatobservedatthebeginningofcopulation. Inthefewspeciesforwhichreportsexist,thedurationofcopulationinAnolisgenerallyrangesfrom10to30min(e.g.,Jenssenetal.1995;Tokarz1999).Interestingly,copu-lation of A. notopholisdescribedhereintookabout46min.Although this could be a unique and interesting feature of the species,wecannoteliminatethepossibledisturbanceeffectof observers on copulationduration.Alternatively,moststudiesdescribingcopulationofanolesareconductedinthelaboratory,andcopulationsmightwelllastlongerinthefield(Alfonsoetal.2014).Additionaldataarenecessarytodis-criminatebetweenthesehypotheses.

Literature CitedAlfonso,Y.U.,V.Holanova.,andK.L.Krysko.2014.Copulationandoviposition

inthegreen-blotchedgiantanoleAnolis smallwoodi(Squamata:Dactyloidea),fromsoutheasternCuba.Reptiles & Amphibians21:108–115.

Cooper,W.E.,Jr.andN.Greenberg.1992.Reptiliancolorationandbehavior,pp.298–422.In:C.GansandD.Crews(eds.),Biology of the Reptilia. Volume 18, Physiology E. Hormones, Brain, and Behavior.UniversityofChicagoPress,Chicago,Illinois.

Greenberg,N.andD.Crews.1990.Endocrineandbehavioralresponsestoaggres-sion and social dominance in the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis.General and Comparative Endocrinology77:246–255.

Greenberg,N.andG.Noble.1944.SocialbehavioroftheAmericanChameleon(Anolis carolinensisVoigt).Physiological Zoology17:392–439.

Holdridge,L.R.1987.Ecología Basada en Zonas de Vida.InstitutoInteramericanodeCooperaciónparalaAgricultura,SanJosé,CostaRica.

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Jenssen,T.,N.Greenberg,andK.Hovde.1995.Behavioralprofileoffree-rangingmale lizards, Anolis carolinensis,acrossbreedingandpost-breedingseasons.Herpetological Monographs9:41–62.

Summers,C.H.andN.Greenberg.1994.Somaticcorrelatesofadrenergicactivityduring aggression in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis.Hormones and Behavior 28:29–40.

Tokarz,R.R.1999.Relationshipbetweencopulationdurationandspermtransferin the lizard Anolis sagrei.Herpetologica55:234–241.

van den Elzen, P. andK.L. Schuchmann. 1980.Notes onAnolis notopholis Boulenger,1896(Sauria:Iguanidae).Bonner Zoologische Beiträge31:319–322.

IRCFREPTILES&AMPHIBIANS•23(2):90–92•AUG2016BELTRÁNETAL.

Fig. 1.Scaly-backedAnole(Anolis notopholis)colorationandpatterninafemale(A)andamale(B–D).

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BELTRÁNETAL. IRCFREPTILES&AMPHIBIANS•23(2):90–92•AUG2016

Fig. 2.CopulatoryandpostcopulatorybehaviorinScaly-backedAnoles(Anolis notopholis).Malebodycolorationisdarkatthebeginningofthecopulation(A)andbecomeslighterfiveminuteslater(B).Malecolorationbecomesdarkagainafewminutesbeforetheendofcopulation(C).Aftercopulation,themalehead-bobsandextendshisdewlapforseveralminutes(D).