Ajai Rana
6th August 2014
1
306
438
121.6 77.8
109 118.2 48.9 24.5 15.9 27.6
1440
1040
377
282
205
348
122 85 77 67 67.2
35.6 48.8 58 28.5 44.2 39.6 51 66.5
36.4
China India Indonesia Vietnam Thailand Bangladesh Philippines Brazil Japan Pakistan
Rice Area, Production and Productivity of top 10 contries
Area Harvested (Lac HA) Milled Rice Production (Lac MT) Yield (Rough) (Quintal/HA)
2
Source: USDA, FAS 2014
• Land - 110 million acres
• Water – 5000 lts / kg of milled rice
• Labour – 8 man days per acre only for transplanting
– Rs 1600 – 2500/acre
• Fuel – 16 lt diesel per acre only for puddling
– Rs 1000/acre
3
Population (Billion)
Per Capita Consumption (kg per person per year)
Rice Consumption (Mio MT)
Peak Buffer Stock Requirement (Mio MT)
Assuming export to remain the
same (Mio MT)
Total Rice Requirement (Mio MT)
Productivity (MT / Ha) (Rough)
1.25
73
80
14
10
104
3.56
1.52
73
110.96
17
10
138
4.48
Source: United Nation Population Front FCI Buffer Stock Norm USDA, FAS
4
104
3.56 44
138
6.7 30
Present Milled
Rice Production(Mio MT)
Present
Productivity(MT / Ha)
Required land
(Mio Ha)
Milled Rice
required in2030 (Mio MT)
If productivity
Incresed toChina level (MT
/ Ha)
Required land
(Mio Ha
India can free as much as 14mio ha of rice land for other uses if we reach China’s productivity level
5
3.6 3.6
0.2 0.2
0.4 0.4
0.6 0.6
Present 3.6 MT Agronomic
Intervention(5%)
Herbicide /
diseaseTolerance (10%)
Genetics (15%) Total (4.8 MT)
Assuming rice acre to remain constant till 2030 (Average Yield in MT / Hectare)
Present Agronomic practices Herbicide / Disease tolerance Genetics
Challenges
Labor Scarcity
and Cost
Water Problem
Marketing Problem – Ease and
price Government procurement System … no transparency
Disease / Pest
occurrence
Counterfeit
seeds
Lack of awareness
Source : Market Research, May 2011 (8 states) 6
-
Y 2010 Y 2013 Y 2014
4800 7800
4455
12000
17000
9350
18200
24000
Fertilizer Retail Price Trend (MRP Rs. per MT)
SSP MOP DAP
0
200
400
68 137 154
77 93
191
306 304
175 218
Average Daily Wage Rate (Rs. per Day)
Year 2009 Vs 2013 2009
2013
34 38
39 49
55 63
0
20
40
60
80
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Diesel Price (Rs. Per Liter)
238
% 256
%
185
%
7
Units required (Hectare)
Cost (Rs. / Ha) at 2014 Price
Increase in Cost over 2009 (Rs. / Ha.)
Additional Cost in RPS 2014 over 2009 (Cr)
Manpower for Transplanting
20 Mandays
4360
2500 (234%)
1095 Cr. Rs.
Diesel for Puddling
40 Lt
2520
1360 (185%)
596 Cr. Rs
Increased labour cost since last four years
2010 2011 2012 2013
Nursery Expenses 497 505 573 600
Transplanting Cost 1500 1800 2100 2500
Impact on Convenience with rice transplanting
Impact on Cost – Rs/acre
Impact on Rice production System Efficiency
Optimum 35 – 40 Plants per Mt2
Actual 15 – 20 Plants per Mt2
8
Nursery Preparation
Field Preparation
Transplanting
Transplanted Rice SSS
Not Needed
Field Preparation Flooding Puddling
Field Preparation / Levelling
Maintain Moisture
Transplanting done manually
9
Convenience, Cost & Peace
of mind
Cost Water Saving
Efficient Rice Production system by maintaining optimum
plant population
10
Weeds growing faster than rice plants
New generation herbicides has provided wider and effective control
• Azimsulfuron-50% DF
• Bispyricbac Sodium
Farmer’s perception of poor germination and growth
60 plants per meter square
Critical is to handhold farmers in the initial 30 days
11
• Planting Machinery & Weed Control
– Different Weed flora in SSS fields.
– Traditional herbicides were ineffective.
12
• Land - By improving productivity potential to reduce nearly 10 million ha rice acreage
– By optimizing plant population – Genetic gain and agronomic practices
• Labour & Fuel - 32% saving in Cost of Cultivation
– Rs. 2800/acre translates to Rs 8400 crore if 1/3 rice area is converted to Smart Seeding System
• Water & other Intangible benefits:
– Crop duration is reduced by 4-7 days – Reduced labor dependency – Saving natural resource-Water – Reduce Green House impact
13
• Stage 1 - System performance validated
– 3 years in house studies
– 3 years PAU studies
– USA & Brazil already using this system
• Stage 2 - Validate performance in farmers field
– More than 200 demonstration in farmer field
– Show case to key stake holders • State & central government officials
• Progressive farmers
• Drill manufacturers & input suppliers
• Stage 3 – Public & Private sector collaboration to scale up adoption
14
15