Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS Science OverviewSKADS Science Overview
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS Science OverviewSKADS Science Overview
• SKA Science Case
• SKADS Science Interactions
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Strong Field Tests of GravityStrong Field Tests of Gravity
Binary orbit permits determination of masses
Relativistic effects permit (re) determination of masses.
ALL MUST AGREE
http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/~pulsar/
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Strong Field Tests of GravityStrong Field Tests of Gravity
• Large surveys will find exotic binarys– ~20 000 pulsars in the galaxy
– Edge-on Pulsar – Black-hole binary (at least one)• Probe eg. Frame dragging
• Pulsar timing array– Gravitational wave background
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Probing the Dark AgesProbing the Dark Ages
• When did the first luminous objects form?
• How did they form and over what period of time?
• SKA will detect the Epoch of Reionisation and map the evolution history of the first luminous objects
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Local hydrogen
Hydrogen in a distant galaxy
Billions of galaxies!
Large Scale StructureLarge Scale Structure
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
1% !
Precision CosmologyPrecision Cosmology
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Cosmic MagnetismCosmic Magnetism
• Origin of magnetic fields– Dynamo?
– Primordial?
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Cradle of LifeCradle of Life
• Protoplanetary disks resolved to Earth-like orbits
• Organic molecules
• Extrasolar planets
• Extra terrestrial intelligence
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Transient signalTransient signal
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
TransientsTransients
• Pulsar is a special case of transient phenomena (periodic)
• Giant pulses
• Supernova
• Bursters
• ETI
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
The UnknownThe Unknown
• New discoveries always result from observations in new parameter space– sensitivity
– spatial resolution
– spectral resolution
– polarisation
– time domain
– observing speed (multibeaming)
• eg. CMB, pulsars, extra solar planets,…
SKA improves all of these
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKA Science BookSKA Science Book
Chris Carilli & Steve Rawlings,
New Astronomy Reviews, Vol.48, Elsevier, Dec. 2004
www.skatelescope.org
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS Science InteractionsSKADS Science InteractionsThe Universe
Our understanding of the Universe
Sky Simulation (DS2T1)
Convolution with the telescope (DS2T2)
Network simulator (DS3T3)
Technology development
(DS4)
Technology demonstrators(DS5 & DS6)
observations
brain power
Catalogs, images, EM fields
voltages
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Backend data
Data imaging(DS2T2)
Simulated telescope image
Data analysis (DS2)
science goals achievable?
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS Science InteractionsSKADS Science InteractionsThe Universe
Our understanding of the Universe
Sky Simulation (DS2T1)
Convolution with the telescope (DS2T2)
Network simulator (DS3T3)
Technology development
(DS4)
Technology demonstrators(DS5 & DS6)
observations
brain power
voltages
mea
sure
men
tsan
dsi
mu
late
d pe
rfor
man
ce
Backend data
Data imaging(DS2T2)
Simulated telescope image
Data analysis (DS2)
science goals achievable?
NO: not technologically feasible
NO: too expensive
Consider trade-offs
Request spec changeBENCHMARK
Catalogs, images, EM fields
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS BenchmarkSKADS Benchmark
• Special case of the SKA reference design
• 100MHz – 300MHz sparse phased array (eg. LOFAR)
• 300MHz - ~2GHz dense phased array (eg. EMBRACE)
• >2GHz 6m dishes with FPA
• The benchmark is evolving…– www.skads-eu.org
• Select “benchmark”
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
DS2 Participants and work packages DS2 Participants and work packages
• Line HI Surveys – Oxford, Groningen, Swinburne
• Continuum Surveys – Oxford, Leiden, Lisbon
• Pulsar Surveys – Manchester
• EOR – Paris, Lisbon, Oxford
• Magnetism – Cambridge, Bonn
• Cradle of Life – no explicit SKADS effort
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
DS2 Broad Role DS2 Broad Role • Provide Simulated Skies (output to DS2-T2)
• Quantify Science Return Versus Design for FOV, A/Tsys etc (input
from DS2-T2)
• Respond To Changing Science Environment
• Deliverables: simulated skies and quantified design constraints
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Multibeam & MultitaskingMultibeam & Multitasking
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
DS2 & SKADS Technical ProgrammeDS2 & SKADS Technical Programme Original goals of DS2 complimentary to SKADS Technical
Developments:
EMBRACE (European Multi-beam Radio Astronomy Concept) - DS5
Low-frequency bias in the original DS2 proposal and description of work
European astronomers quick to recognise potential of Aperture Array:
1. “All sky” coverage, extremely wide-field of view2. Frequency coverage (0.3 - 1.4 GHz)3. Independently steerable, multiple fields-of-view (beams), experimental
science…?4. Transient buffer (data “replay”) capability5. Instantaneous response to externally triggered events 6. Software telescope (clear upgrade path that follows Moore’s law)
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Evaluation of EMBRACE (DS5T3)Evaluation of EMBRACE (DS5T3)
• Demonstrate that EMBRACE can be used for astronomical observations– Pulsar timing
– Multibeam pulsar timing
– HI mapping
– Continuum mapping
– Source tracking
– Observations in the presence of strong sources (moon, sun)
– Correlation with long baseline (Westerbork – Nançay)
– Engineering/characterisation testing• Beam profile, Tsys, Aeff, etc,
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
Science Advisory GroupScience Advisory Group
• Advise Project Scientist– Key science projects
– SKA related results (theory and observation)
– Modifications to benchmark
– 4 members plus Project Scientist
– 6 meetings per year (teleconference)
(terms of reference and members under discussion)
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
SKADS Science ActivitiesSKADS Science Activities
• Sky simulations: DS2T1– Already active involvement from Portugal– SKADS needs input on Crade of Life projects
• Telescope simulations and configuration studies DS2T2• Evaluation of EMBRACE DS5T3• Evolution of Benchmark• SKADS Science Advisory Group
Lisbon 2007 Jan 12 Steve TorchinskySKADS Science Overview
ContactContact
Steve TorchinskySKADS Project ScientistObservatoire de Paris
Phone: +33 1 45 07 75 02Email: [email protected]: http://www.skads-eu.org