© 2007
Copyrights © Yole Développement SARL. All rights reserved.
SiC’ 08The power electronics next generation
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Web: http://www.yole.fr
Norstel AB
Dow corning
II-VI Infineon CREE Toyota
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Main applications accessible to SiCSpecs / market data of today silicon devices
Power supplies /
PFCUPS HEV Solar
panelWind
turbineIndustry
Motor Drives
EnergyTransport.Grid, Rail traction
Main devices MOSFETDiodes
MOSFETIGBT
Diodes
MOSFETIGBT
Diodes
IGBTDiodes
IGBTDiodes
IGBTDiodes
GTO, Thyristor,
IGBTPiN diode
BreakdownVoltage (V) 600 V 600 / 1200 V 600 V -> 1200 V
-> 2kV600 V (90%)1200 V (10%)
Today 690 VTrend: 3-4 kV
600 V to 1200 V > 5 kV
Peek current (A)(for a single chip) 0.5 – 10 A 2 – 100 A 200 A 75 A 150 A 3 – 100 A 10 – 50 A
2006 volume (Munits) MOS: X,XXXDiode: Y,YYY
IGBT: XXXDiode: TTT
IGBT: Y.YDiode: Y.Y
IGBT: XXDiode: XX
IGBT: X.XDiode: X.X
IGBT: XXDiode: XX
Wide range of specs / price
2006 ASP for a discrete device
Trans: $Y- $XDiode: $0.X
Trans: $X.XDiode: $0.X
Trans: $XXDiode: $XX
IGBT: $XDiode: $X
IGBT: $XXDiode: $X
IGBT: $XDiode: $X
2006 Si devices market ($M)(Discrete)
X,XXX X,XXX ~ XXX < XXX < X ~ XXX ~ XX
SiC vs. Si market
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Estimated accessible markets, growth rate, and time to market for SiC based power electronics
CAGR (%)
Power supplyPFC
0
XX
XX
HEV
Solarpanelinvert.
2008 20122006
Diameter corresponds to accessible Silicon devices
market size as it was in 2006
Time to marketfor SiC 2010
Estimated accessible markets, growth rate, and time to market for SiC based power electronics
SiC vs. Si market
UPS
Indust.MotorDrives
XX
Windturbines
EnergyGridRail
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Main SiC labs in Europe
Kista, Sweden
Budapest Tech. Univ.Budapest, HungaryAmpere-Lab
Lyon, France
Chalmers Univ.Goteborg, Sweden
Barcelona, Spain
CNR – IMMCatania, Italy
St Petersburg, Russia
KTH Univ.Stockholm, Sweden
Linkoping Univ.Sweden Univ. of Erlangen
Germany
Institute of Electronic Materials Technology
Warsaw, Poland
SiC Industry Outlook
Catania, Italy
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PFC market main metrics
• Market size:– PFC overall market was $X.X B in 2006 at module level.
• Market volume:– X.X billion units in 2006, growing to over X.X billion units by 2012, and a CAGR of ~XX%
• Typical PFC module manufacturing cost:– 300 Watts: $XX (e.g. Desktop PC)– 1 kW: $XX
PFC Market
• Main suppliers of diodes for PFC:− Vishay− Shindengen− STMicroelectronics− International Rectifier − Toshiba− OnSemi
• Typical diode requirements:− 4 to 8 Amp @ 600 V
© 2007• 6Copyrights © Yole Développement SARL. All rights reserved. PFC Market
From SiC epi-ready wafers to marketed devices2006 n-type SBD added-value analysis (lot > 100 substrates)
Epi-ready wafers
Epitaxy Front-endProcess
3” : $XXX
SiC epi-wafers
3” SBD: $X,XXX 6µm thick epilayer
x F.F
SBD dies
x F
Discretedevices
Packaging& tests
3” SBD: $X,XXX
~ TTT x 6A SBD yielded: $x,xxx
Marketeddevices
Marketing
Margin
~ TTT x 6A SBD : $x,xxx
xF.FF
x F.F
Available on the market place.Market price
Not available on the market place.Internal cost
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Roadmap for Schottky ASP2002 - 2012
March’06: Infineon Technologies has launched its second-generation Schottky diodes.
Diodes are available from 4 to 8 Amp @ 600V. Modules of 2 diodes can reach 16 Amp.
4A single diode is proposed at $x.x for 10,000 units
Transition from 3” to 4” in 2007
Nominal: 3” production
Target ASP
PFC Market
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Projection of market shares of EV, HEV & FCV over ICE to 2020
Market share for new cars sold every year. Based on 42M units sold in 2005
HEV market
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Roadmap for operation voltage in HEV
There is a clear trend to increase operation voltage from native battery pack xxxV to XkV through the use of boosters
New generations of HEV cars are planed to integrate boosters
According to Toyota the upper limit will reach XkV. We forecast this value to be set 2010 and beyond.
New Toyota RX400h is now running xxxV operation voltage
SiC is already proposing xxxxVdevices (Schottky diodes)
Honda electric engine
HEV market
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Global UPS market: Market value, main uses and worldwide consumption
UPS market
Main uses of UPS systems
UPS systems overall market value: $ X.X billion in 2006
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UPS products segments
Off line : in case of power cuts
(97 % efficiency)
On line :for continuoussecured power
(85 % efficiency)
UPS market
• Low power– 0 – 1 kVA and 1 – 5 kVA :
PC, work stations, servers
• Medium power– 5 to 20 kVA and 21 – 100 kVA :
Data centers, telecom
• High power– 100 – 1000 KVA :
Industrial, tertiary, telecom
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AC drives market generalities
• AC drives (called also frequency converters, inverters, variable speed AC drives,variable frequency drives - VFD) are power controls units used to steplesslycontrol the speed of an AC motors (called also squirrel cage motors). AC drivesare integrated on AC motors or sold separately.
• The global AC drives market is estimated at X.XX billion US dollar in 2006.• Current prices for AC drives :
– $xxx for 10 kW– $x,xxx for 100 kW
• Power module account for XX % of the total cost
2006 AC drives market size over a total of $X.XXB
Motor drives market
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Variable speed wind turbine inverters
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• Generator and inverter design :– Double fed induction generator (DFIG) :
• The generator stator is connected to the grid directly. Only the rotor of thegenerator is connected to the grid by an electronic inverter. Advantage :only a part of the power production is fed through the inverter (about 30 %)=> the nominal power of the inverter systems can be less than the nominalpower of the WT.
• Low cost inverter ( $ xx,xxx for a 2 MW with about 700 kW converters).• This is the most widespread design (80 % of the turbines).
Wind Power market
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Cost breakdown of a solar installation and inverter cost in $/kW
• Solar module: $X,XXX/kW ~ YY% • Inverter: ~$XXX/kW ~ Z% • Installation, cables and other materials: $X,XXX/kW ~ DD%
Solar Power market
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2006 SiC substrate vendors market shares
Company 2006 sales($M)
Cree(merchant supplier) XX.X
II-VI X.XNorstel X.XDow Corning X.XSixon X.XNippon Steel X.XSiCrystal X.XOthers X.XCree internal LED XXX
Total XXX
SiC substrates sales breakdown over the $XXM open market
SiC substrates market