Saint Paul Public Schools
Chemical Hygiene & GHS 2013 Training for Science Instructors
August 28, 2013Presenter: Brenda Fischer, IEA
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Training Agenda
Lab Safety Standard
Chemical Safety
Personal Protective Equipment
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
Federal Hazard Communication Standard changes
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General Principles of Lab Safety
Don’t underestimate risk – no matter how long you have been working with chemicals, they can still be dangerous!!!
Minimize chemical exposures Implement and follow a safety program Provide a safe working and learning
environment Continuous improvement
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Regulations on Lab Safety
Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (OSHA)
Employee Right-to-Know (OSHA) International Fire Code National Fire Protection Act Local, County, & State HazMat Rules
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Written Chemical Hygiene Plan Located at the district Health & Safety
Office Includes:
Employee responsibilities Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO) responsibilities Lab facility design and maintenance Standard operating procedures (SOPs) Personal protective equipment (PPE) Emergency response plans Employee exposure determination Recordkeeping Training requirements Hazardous waste/disposal procedures
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Chemical Hygiene Officers (CHO)
Liaison between staff and administration
Ensure proper work practices & procedures
Coordinates lab safety inspections, development of SOPs, and communication
distribution
Knowledge of waste disposal
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Chemical Exposure Limits
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) is the maximum amount or concentration of a chemical that a worker may be exposed to under OSHA regulations. The higher the PEL the better.
Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) are guidelines (not standards) that reflect the level of exposure that the typical worker can experience without an unreasonable risk of disease or injury
Time-Weighted Average (TWA) is an average value of exposure over the course of an 8-hour work shift
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Routes of Entry
Skin and Eyes (most common in science departments)
Ingestion (wash your hands before you eat)
Injection Inhalation
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Health EffectsAcute
Generally manifests quickly (either immediately or within days after an exposure).
An example would be an acid spill on skin. The acute effect is immediate irritation or corrosion of the skin.
Chronic
Usually takes longer to develop through repeated exposures.
Usually targets certain organs (i.e. asbestos targets the lungs).
An individual may not be able to sense the exposure.
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Chemical Labeling - Current
If the label is not the original from the manufacturer, it must Include:
Identity of Product (no chemical symbols) Hazard Warning Date of Purchase
Types of Containers Original (from manufacturer) Secondary (dilutions, etc.) – Label these containers
accurately!
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Chemical Storage Requirements
Designated locked storage areaArrangement by Flinn or other systemAcid and flammable cabinetsFire extinguishersSmoke detectors
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Why PPE? It’s the last line of defense between you and
the hazardous chemical What types are required?
- Goggles and Face Shields- Gloves (disposable – chemical – heat)- Aprons
Instruct students on purpose and proper use
Lead by example!
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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) Located on-line – obtain specific information from
district health and safety Responsibility of instructor to obtain MSDSs for new
products received
Do you follow the guidelines on
MSDSs?
Are MSDSs part of your curriculum?
Would you know how to find an
MSDS during an emergency situation?
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Fume Hoods
Use for odorous chemicals (NOT storage) Provides more protection against splashes,
bumping NOT for general storage Ensure adequate air flow Avoid disruptions to air flow Keep clean Tested every year and posted on hood
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Wash your hands!!!
• Use warm water• Wet both hands and wrists• Apply liquid soap to palms
first• Lather well, spread lather to
back of hands and wrists• Scrub for at least 15 seconds• Rinse well and dry completely• Turn off faucet using
disposable towels
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Emergency Equipment
Fire extinguishers – should be located near exit and visible to all
Eyewash and/or shower Safety goggles/face shields Gloves (disposable, chemical, thermal)
Aprons Spill cleanup kits
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Emergency Procedures: FIRE
Primary responsibility is to evacuate students
It is not recommended to fight fires if they are above waist-height
Those who are trained may use fire extinguishers but…
your safety and the safety of your student’s is your first priority!
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Emergency Procedures: CHEMICAL SPILLS
Assess spill. If chemicals are unknown, evacuate area. Call emergency personnel if your safety is in danger or the spill is too large to handle yourself.
Contact fire department if contents are greater than one gallon.
Extinguish all sources of ignition if chemical is flammable and turn off the main gas shut-off valve.
Immediately attend to splashes in eye or on skin by using eyewash or drench shower.
Direct First Aid needs to the school nurse.
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Emergency Procedures:CHEMICAL SPILLS (continued)
Use appropriate personal protective equipment!!!!
Use appropriate spill neutralizer from spill kit (acid or base). Follow instructions on box.
Use the polypropylene broom and dust pan provided with neutralizer kit to sweep up materials. Dispose of according to hazardous waste rules and regulations (if applicable).
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Emergency Procedures:CHEMICAL SPILLS(continued)
If a release of any substance may cause pollution of the air, land or water, report the incident immediately to the district Environmental Health & Safety office. The district is required to notify the Minnesota Duty Officer (within 24 hours) at: (651) 649-5451 - Metro (800) 422-0798 - Greater Minnesota
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Waste Disposal
Hazardous wastes must be labeled: “Hazardous Waste” Descriptive name (no chemical symbols) Date the waste was put into the container or
determined to be waste
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Other Hazards in Labs
Natural Gas• Shut off valve must be identified and marked• Keep off and locked out when not in use
Sharps/Broken Glass • A disposal container specifically for broken
glass should be available
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Additional SOPs Students are not permitted to work in the labs without
supervisionShorts, sandals, and loose jewelry are not worn while
using chemicalsLong hair should be pulled back while using chemicalsEating and drinking (students and instructors) is not
allowed in labsExtension cords are not used as permanent wiringDamaged extension cords are REPLACED (not repaired)
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Additional SOPs (continued)
Refrigerators are labeled for contents (food or chemical/biological)
Chemicals are labeled upon arrival with purchase date
Eyewashes, showers, fire extinguishers are not blocked
Exits are not blockedElectrical panels are not blockedNo storage within 18 inches of sprinkler heads
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Eyewash Stations
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Eyewash Station Use For specks of dust or dirt in the eye,
do not rub the eye because this can cause scratches and abrasions. Use eyewash and continue flushing the eye. If the speck does not wash out or pain and redness persists, see an eye doctor.
For a blow or impact to the eye, apply a cold compress. Do not apply pressure. See a doctor immediately if there is continued pain, blood in the eye or any visual disturbance. This could be the sign of internal eye damage.
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Eyewash Station Use (Cont’d)
For objects stuck in the eye or punctures to the eye, do not try to remove the object from the eye and do not use eyewash. See a doctor immediately.
For chemical burns, open the eye as wide as possible and immediately flush the eye with water. Continue flushing the eye for at least fifteen minutes. If possible, continue flushing the eye while in route to the doctor or hospital. The flushing fluid should be tepid or lukewarm. A doctor should be seen immediately.
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Eyewash/Shower InspectionsEmergency Eyewashes & Showers require weekly
Inspections which must be documented on the inspection tag
All plumbed eyewashes must be flushed for 3 minutes weekly
Plumbed showers should be flushed briefly on occasion (monthly) to ensure proper function
Portable eyewashes require weekly inspections (follow manufacturers instructions)
All units must be accessible, clearly marked, clean, and nozzle covers must be in place
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Monthly Fire Extinguisher Inspections Ensure that the fire extinguisher is accessible.
Are any materials blocking the fire extinguisher? Is it visible from all points in the room?
▪ If not, is there proper demarcation above the fire extinguisher? Is the fire extinguisher properly mounted in the
cabinet or on the wall? Is the pressure indicator in the ‘green’?
Tap the pressure indicator to ensure it is functional. Has the fire extinguisher been vandalized in any way
to comprise its function? Be sure to initial and date the inspection tag at time of
inspection.
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MDE Attachment 5 – Handout
Minnesota Department of Education Attachment 5 – Parts 1-3:Science Safety ChecklistAttachment 5 – Table 2:Examples of Excessive Risk Chemicals (risk probably exceeds educational value)
Attachment 5 – Table 3:Examples of High Risk Chemicals (use very limited amounts)
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GHSGlobally Harmonized System (GHS) for
standardizing and harmonizing the classification and labeling of chemicals.
Goal to ensure employers, employees and the public are provided with adequate, practical, reliable, and comprehendible information on hazardous chemicals
Allow for appropriate protective measures for health and safety
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Why GHS?
To have a common worldwide approach to classifying and communicating chemical
hazards.
Harmonized definition of hazardsSpecific criteria for labelsHarmonized format for safety data sheets (SDS)
formerly called material safety data sheets (MSDS)
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Why GHS?
The idea is that the same criteria will be used all over the world to determine if a material is flammable, toxic, corrosive, etc.
To avoid classifying the same product as hazardous or non-hazardous, depending on which classification system is usedFor example, a product may be considered
flammable or toxic in one country, but not in another to which it is being shipped
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Date Rule Adopted Adopted by Federal OSHA on March 26,
2012, with an effective date of May 25, 2012MNOSHA informed Federal OSHA of its
intent to adopt the revised 1910.1200 standard (HazCom), on May 21, 2012
MNOSHA published this intent on July 2, 2012 in the State Register
Minnesota adopted on September 10, 2012
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Effect on Chemical Manufacturers and Distributers
Chemical manufacturers or distributorsReclassificationLabelingSafety Data Sheet (SDS)Training
Includes workplace chemicals, consumer products, pest control products, products regulated under the transportation of dangerous goods
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Effect on All Employers All Employers
Train on new SDS format▪ 16 element format
Train on GHS label elements ▪ pictograms ▪ signal words ▪ hazard statements ▪ precautionary statements
Maintain the updated SDSs
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By When?
Train employees by December 1, 2013 on the new labeling system and SDS format
June 1, 2015 comply with all labeling and SDS requirements (distributors have until December 1, 2015)
June 1, 2016, fully implement HazCom program – updated ERTK
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The GHS Elements
Classification Criteria Health and Environmental Hazards Physical Hazards Mixtures
Hazard Communication Labels Safety Data Sheets
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Health Hazard Classification
Acute Toxicity Skin
Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye
Damage/Eye Irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity Reproductive
Toxicology Target Organ
Systemic Toxicity - Single Exposure
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Exposure
Aspiration Toxicity
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Physical Hazard Classification
Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases Under Pressure Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-Reactive
Substances Pyrophoric Liquids
Pyrophoric Solids Self-Heating
Substances Substances which in
contact with water emit flammable gases
Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals
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GHS Labeling
Product identifier – chemical identity Supplier identification – name, address, etc. Precautionary statements – advice Hazard pictograms – visual warning Signal words – degree of hazard Hazard statements – nature of hazard Supplemental information – additional
information about the substance
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Pictogram Shape and Color
Pictograms have a black symbol on a white background with a red diamond
frame
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Exploding Bomb
Explosives Self-reactive
substances Organic peroxides
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Flame Flammables Emits flammable gas Self-reactive
substances Pyrophorics
(spontaneously igniting in air) Self-heating
substances Organic peroxides
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Flame Over Circle
Oxidizers (removes electrons)
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Gas Cylinder
Compressed gases Liquefied gases Dissolved gases
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Corrosion
Skin corrosion Eye damage Corrosive to
metals
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Skull and Crossbones
Acute toxicity (fatal or severe toxicity)
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Exclamation Mark
Acute toxicity (harmful)
Irritant Skin sensitizer Narcotic effects Target organ toxicity Hazard to ozone
layer (non-mandatory)
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Health Hazard
Carcinogen Mutagen Reproductive
toxicity Respiratory
sensitizer Target organ
toxicity Aspiration hazard
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9th Pictogram – Not Adopted by OSHA
Environmental Toxicity
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GHS Labeling – Signal Words
Signal words Used to emphasize hazard and
discriminate between levels of hazard
The signal words used in the GHS are:
for more severe hazards
for less severe hazards
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Hazard Statements
A statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical;
including, where appropriate, the degree of hazards
Example: Flammable liquids▪ Extremely flammable liquid and vapor▪ Highly flammable liquid and vapor▪ Flammable liquid and vapor▪ Combustible liquid
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Precautionary Statements
Precautionary information supplements the hazard information by briefly providing measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects from physical,
health or environmental hazards
First aid is included in precautionary information
For example: Wear splash protection for face Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame Use explosion-proof electrical… equipment Wear protective gloves
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Example GHS label
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GHS LabelingSecondary Labels
Need all the information from the original shipping label…
OR Product identifier & words, pictures,
symbols which provide at least general information regarding the hazards including the specific information regarding the physical and health hazards
EXCEPTION Portable, immediate-use containers used by
the employee who transferred the chemicals do not have to be labeled (not a change)
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Secondary Labels
All secondary labels and warnings shall be in English, and prominently displayed, or readily available
Employers may add information in a second language, but English must always be present
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Role of the SDS
Primary Use: The Workplace
The SDS should provide comprehensive information about a chemical substance or mixture
Employers and workers use the SDS as a source of information about hazards and to obtain advice on safety precautions
See example SDS in hand-out
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1. Identification of the Substance or Mixture and of the Supplier
GHS product identifier Other means of identification Recommended use of the chemical
and restrictions on use Supplier's details (including name,
address, phone number, etc.) Emergency phone number
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2. Hazards Identification
GHS classification of the substance/mixture and any national or regional information
GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
Hazard symbols may be provided as a graphical reproduction of the symbols in black and white or the name of the symbol (flame, skull, crossbones, etc.
Other hazards which do not result in classification (e.g., dust explosion hazard) or are not covered by the GHS
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3. Composition/Information on Ingredients
Substance Chemical identity Common name, synonyms, etc. CAS number, EC number, etc.
Impurities and stabilizing additives which are themselves classified and which contribute to the classification of the substance
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4. First Aid Measures Description of necessary measures,
subdivided according to the different routes of exposure such as inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion, etc.
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
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5. Firefighting Measures
Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special protective equipment
and precautions for firefighters
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6. Accidental Release Measures
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Environmental precautions Methods and materials for
containment and cleaning up
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7. Handling and Storage
Precautions for safe handling
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
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8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Control parameters such as occupational or biological exposure limit values
Appropriate engineering controls
Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment
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9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance (physical state, color, etc.) Odor Odor thresholdpHMelting point/freezing point Initial boiling point and boiling rangeFlash pointEvaporation rate
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10. Stability and Reactivity
Chemical stability Possibility of hazardous reactions Conditions to avoid (e.g., static
discharge, shock or vibration) Incompatible materials Hazardous decomposition products
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11. Toxicological Information
Information on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact)
Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics
Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short and long-term exposure
Numerical measures of toxicity (such as acute toxicity estimates)
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12. Ecological Information
Not required for OSHA Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial) Persistence and degradability Bioaccumulative potential Mobility in soil Other adverse effects
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13. Disposal Considerations
Description of waste residues
Information on safe handling and methods of disposal
Includes the disposal of any contaminated packaging
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14. Transport Information
UN Number
UN Proper shipping name
Transport Hazard class
Packing group, if applicable Marine pollutant (Yes/No)
Special precautions which a user needs to be aware of or needs to comply with in connection with transport or conveyance either within or outside their premises.
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15. Regulatory Information
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
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16. Other Information Including Information on Preparation and
Revision of the SDS
Combustible dust would be an example of information found here
Any other specific information not listed in other sections of SDS
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Current
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Future
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Thank You!
Any Questions?
For more information on GHS see hand-out