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EVOLVING THE GRIDHow Utilities Are Making It Work
Greg HenrySmart Grid Solutions Architect
Telvent
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
OutlineChanging Nature of theSmart Grid
Grid Issues caused byRenewables and EVs
Grid Benefits afforded byRenewables and EVs
Utility Solutions
Further Considerations
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
What is the Smart Grid?Highly automated and interconnected electricity delivery system
Two-way flow of bothpowerpowerpowerpower
andinformationinformationinformationinformation
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
The Evolving Grid
Requires a shift in utilitymindset
Generation and load are nolonger isolated
Transmission systems must
consider distribution loadcenters like sometimegenerators
Distribution networks mustapply transmission concepts
Move from load following toload shaping
New market tools
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
The Evolving GridRequires tighter coordination/integration in utility operations
TransmissionTransmissionTransmissionTransmission
But it is still gettingsmarter
Synchrophasors
Wide-area monitoring
and special protectionFACTS devices
Originally designed forone-way power flow
Traditionally guided byrule-of-thumb
Sized to peak load,assuming diversity
Traditionally no insightinto the network itself
has been Smart Gridfor a long time
DistributionDistributionDistributionDistribution
is now the focus ofimprovement
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Grid Issues: Distributed Generation
High penetration of renewableresources
Loss of generation concerns fordifferent resources
Power-load balancing
System stability
Need for power storage
Pumped, batteries, thermal, etc.
Other power issues
Voltage regulation
Power quality
Fault location & protectionsensitivity
Frequency & voltage deviations
System security
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Grid Issues: Electric Vehicle Charging
High penetration EV
Local equipment overloads
Peak load sizing
EV charging
Competing goals: manufacturervs. utility vs. consumer
Utility-controlled chargingCustomer concerns
Can EV really be used as aregulating resource or VPP?
In the ideal world
Renewables + storage =convenient and sustainableEV charging
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Grid BenefitsClear benefits
Reduced carbon footprint & GHG
Local air quality improvement
Reduced fuel price volatility
Solar and PV: reduced peak power purchases
EV: new revenue source
Its the right thing to do even if it is a PITA!
Benefits that may require some policy changes
Strategic load control / storage to relieve overloads
Microgrid operation to improve reliability
VPP operation for economic dispatch
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Utility SolutionsFast conventional generators
AGC
Greater spinning reserves
Control over customer assets
Throttling, modulation, inverter control
Controllable loadsVoluntary customer incentives
Mandates dont work very well
Utility-owned Energy storage
Electric and thermal
Strategic grid optimization and intelligent operation
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
A Smart SolutionAdvanced Distribution Management
Integrated monitoring and control of distributed resources
State EstimationState EstimationState EstimationState Estimation
System-wide optimization features
Volt/VAR control
Dynamic network (and protection) reconfiguration
Load management
Storage management
Portfolio balancing
System reliability
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
A Smart SolutionRequires improved knowledge of the distribution system
Detailed engineering models
Improved asset tracking (GIS)
Distribution telemetry (sensors)
DG/EVmodeling
Near-termforecasting
Weatherintegration
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Volt/VAR control qualifiedas Green Energy
DG interconnection processimprovement
Smart Grid operationssupporting DG
DG and thermal storagemanagement
Utility Solutions
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Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Further ConsiderationsControl of demand-side generation
Reactive power control: how do we pay for kVAr/kVArh?
Who pays for required grid improvements?
DMS & system protection
System upgrades: transformer & conductor resizing
Grid storage, fast reactive / generation support
New Energy Markets
At what point can we / do we enable active customer participation?
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Thank you!
Greg HenrySmart Grid Solutions Architect, Telvent
[email protected]+1.404.861.7704