1778-1781 Fighting the War in the South
11/17 TEST TOMORROW...STUDY!!!! BELLWORK- Add the following to your timeline:Battle of CowpensSurrender at YorktownTreaty of Paris
learning goal
British Commander Clinton picks up Loyalist support and takes Charleston, Camden, and Savannah.
http://battleofcamden.org/nps7881.pdf
learning goal
King's Mountain
ü A battle mostly between Loyalists and Patriots...
ü British Commander Ferguson had brags that they can not be removed from the mountain. They encamp at a plateau on the mountain.
ü The location would be perfect, but British must expose themselves to be able to see their targets below.
ü Patriot sharpshooters pick them off, including Ferguson.
learning goal
Nathaniel Greene in charge of the Southern Campaign, splits his troops. Morgan takes charge in the backcountry against Tarleton at Cowpens, a frontier pasture that backs up to the Broad River.The much despised Tarleton and his dragoons make a full frontal assault, but Morgan has three lines that draw in his men to envelope them. Sharpshooters pick off many of the officers as they arrive. Militia are stationed and told to fire twice then retreat. Since militia are known for retreating, Tarleton sees this as a sign that they are on the run, and in they charge. However, another two lines surround them, winning a huge Patriot victory. This is a turning point in the Southern Campaign.
Cowpens
learning goal
Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, uses guerilla tactics, coming out of hiding in the South Carolina swamps and making hit and run attacks on the British.
learning goal
Benedict Arnold's Treason
Washington gives Arnold command of West Point. feeling slighted and needing money, he makes a deal with British Commander Clinton to turn it over to them. Their messenger, Colonel Andre, is captured and executed. Arnold gets away and becomes a British general, burning Richmond and other towns.
learning goal
Cornwallis ignores an order from Clinton to go to New York. Instead he stays at the Yorktown Peninsula, certain that British ships will supply his needs. Cornwallis' mistake costs him the war.
Washington, Rochambeau, and the French fleet trap Cornwallis at Yorktown.
After a seige of several weeks, Cornwallis must surrender October 19, 1781.
Yorktown
learning goal
Treaty of Paris
Negotiated by Ben Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams
ü United States is an independent nation
ü Borders: N-Great Lakes; S-Florida(Spain); W-MS River; E- Atlantic Ocean
ü Americans will pay damages to LoyalistsT
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learning goal
Who did Gen. Clinton hope would support him in the South?
Natives
Loyalists
Patriots
learning goal
At King's Mountain, Patriots used this advantage against Ferguson's men:
location of the Patriot troops
shooting skills
knowledge of the area
learning goal
King's Mountain is fought mainly between
Loyalists and Hessians
Native Americans and Patriots
Loyalists and Patriots
learning goal
Washington put ____ in charge of Southern Forces.
Daniel Morgan
Nathaniel Greene
William Clinton
learning goal
At Cowpens, Morgan took advantage of the common belief that militia ______.
run away
are great shots
are fearless
learning goal
Colonists had an additional reason to beat Tarleton. He was known for _____.
being a tax collector before the war
not giving quarter to those surrendering
being the Commander at Bunker Hill
learning goal
Francis Marion was called the ____ for his guerilla tactics.
Swamp Rat
Swamp Fox
Swamp Monkey
learning goal
What mistake did Cornwallis make?
He stayed in Philadelphia for a party.
He went to Albany to a meeting.
He didn't follow orders and stayed at Yorktown Peninsula.
learning goal
Who was not part of the group making the Treaty of Paris?
John Jay
George Washington
John Adams