1 © Wärtsilä
Fuel flexible solution efficient shipping
Alexandre EykermanSales Director LNG / CNG Worldwide
Ship Power, Merchant
Nor Shipping 2009Oslo, June 12th, 2009
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Contents
Overview on emission regulations
Wärtsilä Gas historyBackgroundReference
One deeper lookHull efficiencyPropulsion efficiency
Switch to LNGLNG Tug conceptArctic LNG carrier conceptThe efficient container feederMachinery
Conclusions
IMO NOx – Regulation 13
Revised Marpol Annex VI
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
Rated engine speed (rpm)
NO
x (g
/kW
h)
Tier I - New ships 2000
Tier II - New ships 2011
Tier III - New ships 2016 in designated areas
‐ 20%
- 80%
• New buildings (diesel engines > 130 kW): Tier II from 2011; Tier III to be applied in designated areasfrom 2016* (Tier II to be applied outside these areas)
• Existing ships: Tier I to be applied for vessels constructed between 1990 and 2000 (diesel engines > 5000 kW and > 90 liters / cylinder). Some exemptions are considered
Wärtsilä DF / SG engine meet already Tier III
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* Date of keel laying
IMO SOx and PM – Regulation 14
4,5 4,5 3,5 3,5 3,51,5 1,0 1,0 0,5 0,1
67% 78% 71% 86% 97%
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0,1%
4,5%
3,5%
1,5%1,0%
World
EU in ports
ECA
97%78%
0,5%
2014
2018
2012
2013
2015
2016
2017
2021
2022
2019
2010
2008
2009
2011
2020
Applies to both new buildings and existing ships !
Low Natural Gas Emissions
– 25-30% lower CO2• Low Carbon to Hydrogen ratio of fuel
– 85% lower NOX• Lean burn concept (high air-fuel ratio)
– No SOX emissions• Sulphur is removed from fuel when liquefied
– 50% lower PM Particulates• Particulates vary across operating range
– No visible smoke
– No sludge deposits extends engine lifeULTRA CLEAN COMBUSTION
Emission comparison
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
CO2 NOx SOx Particles
Diesel engine with HFO Diesel engine with MDODF engine in gas mode DF engine in diesel mode
Bunker fuel Prices
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10.2006 18.1.2007 28.4.2007 6.8.2007 14.11.2007 22.2.2008 1.6.2008 9.9.2008 18.12.2008 28.3.2009
Nymex Nat Gas USAOcean Connect 380 Centistoke RotterdamOcean Connect 180 Centistoke RotterdamOcean Connect Marine Diesel Oil RotterdamOcean Connect Marine Gas Oil Rotterdam
Reduction in Emissions & Costs
Sources: www.lngoneworld.com, www.bunkerworld.com, LR Fairplay
LNG
MGO
~50% FUEL COST SAVINGS
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Wärtsilä GAS HISTORY
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Gas engine technologies
Gas-diesel (GD) engines:Runs on various gas / diesel mixtures or alternatively on diesel.Combustion of gas, diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle.
High-pressure gas injection.
Dual-fuel (DF) engines:Runs on gas with 1% diesel (gas mode) or alternatively on diesel (diesel mode).Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by pilot diesel injection (gas mode), or alternatively combustion of diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle (diesel mode).Low-pressure gas admission.
Spark-ignition gas (SG) engines:Runs only on gas.
Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by spark plug ignition.
Low-pressure gas admission.
Spark-ingnition gas (SG) engines 34SG
Dual-fuel (DF) engines 32DF, 50DF
Gas-diesel (GD) engines 32GD, 46GD
‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09
34DFNew release
Wärtsilä gas engines
Gas engines sold or running
Power plant 752 engines since 1989
SG/DF/GD
LNG carriers64 installations
228 engines>295 500 running hours
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Offshore22 installations
78 engines since 1994DF/GD
Wärtsilä 50DF - product figures summary
50DF Marine Power TotalIn operation:- number of engines- kW
48461,700
32543,000
801004,700
Contracted:- number of engines- kW
222~ 2,200,000
41~ 600,000
263~ 2,800,000
32DF Marine Power TotalIn operation:- number of engines 11 26 37
ONE DEEPER LOOK
Fuel cell
Hot
els,
mal
ls, o
ffice
s, in
dust
ries
Telecom/data centers, Hospitals, Banks
Short route ferries, car carriers, cruiser B
ioga
s fro
m L
andf
ills,
W
aste
wat
er a
nd fa
rms
Ship Design
Ship Design – Optimum main dimensions
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Ship design – Minimising resistance of hull openings
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Propulsion – rudder combinations, EnergoPac ()
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Propulsion – CRP propulsion
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Reducing local emission by switching to LNG
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LNG fuelled terminal tug
One way to look in
to it
One way to look in
to it
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Artic LNG carrier concept
One way to operate in ice
One way to operate in ice
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The Efficient Feeder
One way to im
prove efficiency
One way to im
prove efficiency
LNG fuelled Ferry / RoRo
One way to look in
to it
One way to look in
to it
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Energopac
DF gensets
LNG tanks
ORC turbine
DF Main Engine
Machinery
One way to improve system efficiency
One way to improve system efficiency
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Dual-Fuel engine application: conclusions
• LNG utilized as marine fuel is cost competitive
• Technology is already available and well proven in the marine market
• Dual-Fuel Engines represent the emission reduction state of art technology in the marine field
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Thank you!
FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT
www.wartsila.com
[email protected]@wartsila.com