Kotelawala Defence University EE&T
Dr. Thushara Weerawardane
Senior Lecturer
Kotelawala Defence University
Lab3 – OPNET Advanced Tutorial LTE Simulation Model
Kotelawala Defence University EE&T 2 Dr. Thushara Weerawardane
LTE reference model
Remote Server
(VOIP, HTTP,
FTP, Video)
aGW
R1
R3
R2
eNB4eNB3eNB2eNB1
Last m
ile
link
UEUE UE UE
LTE simulation model is based on
this LTE reference architecture
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Reference LTE protocol architecture
PDCP
RLC
MAC
L1
End User
Application
TCP/UDP
IP
Uu
PDCP
RLC
MAC
L1
GTP
UDP
IP (Diffserv)
L1
L2
IPSec
L2
L1
GTP
UDP
IP (Diffserv)
L1
L2
IPSec
L2
L1
Application
servers
Application
(server)
TCP/UDP
IP
S1/X2
aGWeNodeB
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Overview of the OPNET LTE System simulator
Cell 1
aGW eNB2
eNB3
eNB4
Cell 2
Cell 3
R2
R3
R1
eNB1 Application configuration
for users
Mobility model Central
information
center
QoS configuration
for users
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
Application
TCP/UDP
IPL2
L1
GTP
UDP
IP (Diffserv)
L1
L2
IPSec
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
GTP
UDP
IP (Diffserv)
L1
L2
IPSec
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LTE simulator overview - 2
LTE backhaul
eNodeBs
Mobile GW:
Intermediate routers
End-to-end TCP
End-to-end TCP
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E-UTRAN node models
UE node model
eNodeB node model
aGW node model
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LTE MOBILITY MODEL AND CHANNEL MODEL CONFIGURATION OVERVIEW
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Mobility configuration node
Two main mobility models - RWP mobility model and
- RD mobility model
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Mobility model and channel model
Two main parts
Mobility model and
Channel model
Two main generic mobility models
RWP mobility model and
RD mobility model
Channel model Pathloss: 128.1 + 37.6*log10(distance)
Correlated Slow Fading: Lognormal-distributed
Fast Fading: Jakes-Like method, 2 Extended ITU Channel Models
- Extended Pedestrian A
- Extended Vehicular A
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APPLICATION AND TRAFFIC MODEL CONFIGURATION IN OPNET
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Example of traffic models VoIP configuration
Codec: AMR 12.2 kbps (GSM EFR)
No silence suppression
50 frames/sec, 1 frame/IP packet
codec delay: 40 ms, Transport: RTP/UDP
Traffic idleness: 0.5 sec, Call duration: const. 90 sec
Call inter-arrival time: const. 90 sec and
neg. exp. with 50 sec mean value
Web traffic model Number of pages per session is 5
Average page size is 100 Kbyte,
number of Object per page is 1 (frame = 1 kbyte and Object size = 100 Kbyte)
Reading time is const (12 sec)
Each page uses separate TCP connection
FTP traffic model File size is const (5 Mbyte)
Interarrival time is uniform(30-60) sec
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Configuring application models: workflow
Application Deployment
Configure applications
Define profiles
Deploy
applications/profiles
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Applications: built-in standard applications
Standard
application
models
Custom Application
Name Description
Database
FTP
HTTP
Remote Login
Voice
Video Conferencing
Generic/customizable application
Data entry/query application
E-mail application
File transfer protocol application
Web-browsing application
Print job
Telnet application application
Client-to-client voice application
Client-to-client video application
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Application configuration VoIP
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Application configuration
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FTP traffic model configuration
Common settings
Specific FTP
settings
Inter-Request Time
FTP (Application)
PUT PUT GET
FTP
– Using file size distribution
– Using Inter-request time distribution
Example FTP configuration - File size is 5Mbyte
- The time duration between the start of a file download and the start of the
next download is uniformly distributed between 30 and 60 sec
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HTTP traffic model configuration
Example1:
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HTTP traffic model configuration cont.
Example 2:
• Number of pages per session = 5 pages
• Average page size = 100,000 bytes
• # of objects in a page = 1 first Object (frame) = 1 Kbyte
and 2nd object = 100 Kbyte
• Reading time (default) = 12 sec
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VoIP configuration in OPNET
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VoIP: E-model (ITU G.107)
Ro = 15 −1.5(SLR + No), Is = Iolr + Ist + Iq, Id = Idte + Idle + Idd
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E-model (ITU G.107)
A model to assess combined effects of variations in several parameters that affect conversation quality of handset telephony
It produces a result called „Rating Factor“ R R = Ro – Is – Id – Ie + A
- Ro: basic SNR,
- Is: voice signal impairments,
- Id: impairments caused by delay,
- Ie: equipment related impairments,
- A: Advantage factor
R can be mapped to MOS value
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PROFILE CONFIGURATION IN OPNET
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What is a profile? Profile is a collection of applications
Describes activity patterns of:
An individual user A group of users
CEO CFO
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Help desk
Marketing department
Profiles
FTP Email
Engineer
Video HTTP Email
Marketing Department
Email Database
Sales Engineer
Apps
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Profile Attributes
Profile Name
Applications
Operation Mode
Start Time
Duration
Repeatability
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Profile name, start time, and duration
Example: “Engineer” profile, starting at 100 secs and lasting 1 hour = 3600 secs
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Applications within a profile
I define the following applications:
• Database Access (Light)
• Email (Light)
• Web Browsing (Light)
• FTP
Application
Configuration
Object
Profile Definition
Object
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E-UTRAN CONFIGURATION
TRANSPORT DIFFSERV AND BW CONFIGURATION
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LTE QoS model
In general, QoS is the concept of providing particular quality guarantee for a specific service type
The EPS introduces the concept of
EPS bearers for the QoS support.
EPS bearer is a set of IP flows with a same QoS profile, established between UEs and the P-GW
An EPS bearer is realised by
providing the following subsidiary bearers. radio bearer, S1 bearer and S5/S8
bearer
P-GWS-GW Peer
Entity
UE eNB
EPS Bearer
Radio Bearer S1 Bearer
End-to-end Service
External Bearer
Radio S5/S8
Internet
S1
E-UTRAN EPC
Gi
S5/S8 Bearer
EPS Bearer Service Architecture
Example: Service Data Flows in LTE/SAE (GTP-based S5/S8) with two established EPS bearers. EPS Evolved Packet System
QoS Quality of service
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An example of QCI mapping
QCI Packet Delay Budget Packet Loss Rate Example Services
1 (GBR) < 50 ms High (e.g. 10-1) Real Time Gaming
2 (GBR) 50 ms (for E-UTRAN);
80 ms (for UTRAN) Medium (e.g. 10-2) VOIP
3 (GBR) 90 ms Medium (e.g. 10-2) Conversational Packet Switched
Video
4 (GBR) 250 ms Low (e.g. 10-3) Streaming
5 (non-GBR) Low (e.g. 50 ms) e.g. 10-6 IMS Signalling
6 (non-GBR) Low (e.g. 50 ms) e.g. 10-3 Interactive Gaming
7 (non-GBR) Medium (e.g. 250 ms) e.g. 10-4 TCP Interactive
8 (non-GBR) Medium (e.g. 250 ms) e.g. 10-6 Preferred TCP Bulk Data
9 (non-GBR) High (e.g. 500 ms) unspecified Best Effort TCP Bulk Data
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QCI, DSCP, OPNET DSCP and transport QoS
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DL router diffserve configuration
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Last mile BW configuration and diffserve deployment
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eNB MAC SCHEDULER CONFIGURATION DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCHEDULERS
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eNB Scheduler configuration
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EXERCISES
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Tasks: configuration and results analysis
Task1: Configure the following configuration and analyze the performance using suitable statistics such as FTP DL time, last mile throughput, Uu throughput etc Traffic model
- FTP traffic model with QCI 9
User and network configuration
- 4 users per cell and 1 eNB scenario
- How many number of users per cell and what is the offered load?
- Ideal transport network
Results should be submitted in the document (ex. word)
Task2: Extend above configured model by adding 6 users who are running HTTP traffic model with QCI9 and also evaluate the performance. How many number of users per cell?
what is the offered load roughly?
Results should be submitted in the document (ex. word)
Task3: Apply a suitable congested BW at the last mile link (last mile capacity should be lower than the average offered load) and compare the performance with results of the task 2 How many number of users per cell?
Results should be submitted in the document (ex. word)
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Tasks: QoS classification
Task4: configure following scenarios in 1-eNB network configuration
Please submit your conclusion of the above analysis along with few meaning full result statistics (doc or slide format)
Scenarios User and Traffic models per
cell
QOS MAC
scheduler
Last mile
capacity
Scenario-0 10 VoIP, 10 HTTP, and 5 FTP All in best-effort class
(QCI9)
RR Ideal
Scenario-1 10 VoIP, 10 HTTP, and 5 FTP All in best-effort class
(QCI9)
RR Limited
(20 Mbps)
Scenario-2 10 VoIP, 10 HTTP, and 5 FTP HTTP and FTP – BE class
(QCI9) and VoIP – real time
class (QCI1)
RR Limited
(20 Mbps)
Scenario-3 10 VoIP, 10 HTTP, and 5 FTP HTTP and FTP – BE class
(QCI8 and QCI9) and
VoIP – real time class
(QCI1)
RR Limited
(20 Mbps)
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Example traffic model configuration VoIP configuration
Codec: AMR 12.2 kbps (GSM EFR)
No silence suppression
50 frames/sec, 1 frame/IP packet
codec delay: 40 ms, Transport: RTP/UDP
Traffic idleness: 0.5 sec, Call duration: const. 90 sec
Call inter-arrival time: const. 90 sec and
neg. exp. with 50 sec mean value
Web traffic model Number of pages per session is 5
Average page size is 100 Kbyte,
number of Object per page is 1 (frame = 1 kbyte and Object size = 100 Kbyte)
Reading time is const (12 sec)
Each page uses separate TCP connection
FTP traffic model File size is const (5 Mbyte)
Interarrival time is uniform(30-60) sec
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THANKS
Any Question?