Next End
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Mango grows on wide range of soils, such as lateritic, alluvial,
sandy and sandy loam.
Although it grows well in high to medium fertile soils, its cultivation
can be made successful even in low fertile soils by appropriate
nutrient management especially during early stages of growth.
Establishment is found to be poor in stony soils on hill slopes.
Soil suitability for mango:
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Loamy, alluvial, well drained, aerated and deep soils rich
in organic matter with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5 and a water
table below 180 cm are most suitable for mango
cultivation.
The extremely sandy, shallow, rocky, water-logged, heavy
textured and alkaline or calcareous soils are not suitable
for mango cultivation
Soil suitability for mango
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Properties Optimum levelsEC : < 1 dSm-1
pH : 6.5 - 7.0P : 70 mg/kgK : 100 -150 mg/kgCa : 600 -1000 mg/kgMg : 90 -150 mg/kgN : 100 mg/kgS : 10 -20 mg/kgZn : 2 -10 mg/kgB : 1-2 mg/kg
The optimum nutrient levels in soil needed for mango cultivation are as follows
Previous Next End
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Mango is sensitive to problem soils.
The problem soils are broadly classified into acidic and base rich
soils which include saline and alkali types
Saline soils are rich in soluble salts like sodium chloride, sodium
sulphate etc.
Soils rich in carbonate and bicarbonate ions are of alkali types.
Mango performs best in slightly acid soils of red lateritic nature.
Soil suitability for mango
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Mango is very well adapted to tropical and subtropical
climate.
It thrives up to an altitude of 1400m above mean sea level
but fruiting is poor beyond 500m.
It thrives well from Kanyakumari in Southern India to sub
mountainous regions in the North.
The annual mean temperature at which mango thrives best
is around 26.7oC.
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
The optimum temperature for mango is 23.9 to 26.70C.
The prevailing temperature affects the expression of sex in
mango i.e. a close association appears between high
temperature and increased percentage of perfect flowers and
vice-versa.
High temperature by itself is not so injurious to mango, but in
combination with low humidity and high winds affects the
growth of the trees adversely.
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Mango thrives in places with good rainfall (75 to 375 cm per
annum) and dry season.
The distribution of rainfall is more important than quantity of the
rainfall.
A dry weather before blossoming is conducive for profuse
flowering.
Previous Next End
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
In areas of excessive rainfall and high humidity, even during the
time of fruit maturity, commercial mango growing may not be
profitable due to the attack of fruit fly.
If high temperature, rainfall and humidity persist throughout the
year, there will not be any distinct phases of vegetative and
flowering in the mango tree thus resulting into poor flower
production and fruit set.
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR GRAPES PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Involves regular ploughing and removal of weeds. Cultivation
should be minimized by avoiding deep and frequent cultivation
and also cultivation when the soil is too wet.
To avoid loss of humus, nitrogen, soil erosion, formation of hard
pan etc.,
Methods of soil management practices
1. Clean culture
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
Crop residues like straw, cotton stalks, leaves, saw dust, pine needles, coir
dust arid other materials like polythene films or certain special kinds of
paper are spread in the tree basins and in inter spaces between trees.
Main objective of mulching is to conserve soil moisture and to control the
weed growth.
2. Clean culture with cover crops
Involves raising of a cover crop or green manure after removing the
weeds.
Green manure crops like Sunhemp, Cowpea, Daincha, Lupins etc.
are more commonly used.
3. Mulching
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
This is similar to sod with the only difference is that the
vegetation is cut frequently and the cut material is allowed to
remain on the ground.
4. Sod
In this method, permanent cover of grass is raised in the
orchard and no tillage is given.
5. Sod mulch
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous Next End
It refers to the practice of growing certain perennial crops in the
alley spaces of the main perennial crops.
The main advantage is the effective utilization of available area and
increase in the net income of the farm per unit area.
6. Intercropping
The practice of growing any economic crop in alley spaces of the
plant or in the' unoccupied spaces of the long duration crop in the
early periods is referred as intercropping.
7. Mixed cropping
SOIL SUITABILITY AND MANAGEMENT FOR MANGO PRODUCTION
Previous
Intercropping and mixed cropping involve jointly multitier system of
cropping and is defined as a compatible companion of crops
having varying morphological frames and rooting habits, grown
together in such a manner that their canopies intercept solar
energy at varying heights and their roots forage the soil at different
zones.
The main principle here is that the land, water and sunlight should
be effectively used.
8. Multitier system of cropping